He Shuheng (; 7 May 1876 – 24 February 1935) was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, born in

Ningxiang Ningxiang () is a county-level city and the 2nd most populous county-level division in the Province of Hunan, China; it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Changsha. The city is bordered to the north by Heshan Distric ...

Hunan Hunan (, ; ) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, part of the South Central China region. Located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze watershed, it borders the province-level divisions of Hubei to the north, Jiangx ...

province.

Biography

In 1914, He made acquaintance with

Mao Zedong Mao Zedong pronounced ; also Romanization of Chinese, romanised traditionally as Mao Tse-tung. (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who was the List of national founde ...

while at Hunan Normal University, and the two would eventually become close friends. In April, 1918, He and Mao founded the Xinmin Society. In 1920, the two friends also launched the Russian Study Institute. In July, 1921, He and Mao traveled to Shanghai to attended the

1st National Congress of the Communist Party of China The 1st National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held in Shanghai and Jiaxing between July 23 and August 2, 1921. The Congress established the Chinese Communist Party. It was succeeded by the 2nd National Congress of the Chinese Co ...

, as representatives of Changsha. After the congress, He became a member of the CPC's Hunan committee. During the first cooperation between the

Kuomintang The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Ta ...

(KMT) and the CPC, He was a member of the KMT's executive committee and the supervision committee of the KMT's local party in Hunan. In 1927, He went to Shanghai. After the April 12 Incident, He secretly established a print factory for the CPC in Changsha. In April 1928, He went to Russia to attend the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. He then entered

Moscow Sun Yat-sen University Moscow Sun Yat-sen University, officially the Sun Yat-sen Communist University of the Toilers of China, was a Comintern school, which operated from 1925–1930 in the city of Moscow, Russia, then the Soviet Union. It was a training camp for ...

, where his classmates included fellow party members Xu Teli,

Wu Yuzhang Wu Yuzhang (; given name Yongshan (); December 30, 1878 – December 12, 1966) was a Chinese politician, educator, and president of Renmin University of China from 1950 to 1966. Biography Wu Yuzhang was born in Rong County, Sichuan in 1878. ...

Dong Biwu Dong Biwu (; 5 March 1886 – 2 April 1975) was a Chinese communist revolutionary and politician, who served as acting Chairman of the People's Republic of China between 1972 and 1975. Early life Dong Biwu was born in Huanggang, Hubei to ...

, and Lin Boqu. In July 1930, He went back to China, and took charge of the National Huji Institute and organized the rescue and transfer to safe places of arrested communists. In the fall of 1931, He was elected to key posts in the

Jiangxi Soviet Jiangxi (; ; formerly romanized as Kiangsi or Chianghsi) is a landlocked province in the east of the People's Republic of China. Its major cities include Nanchang and Jiujiang. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze river in the north into h ...

. Instead of taking part in the

Long March The Long March (, lit. ''Long Expedition'') was a military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the National Army of the Chinese ...

, however, He chose to stay behind in the south and engage in guerilla fighting. On February 24, 1935, He was surrounded and killed by Kuomintang troops in Changting, Fujian.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:He, Shuheng 1876 births 1935 deaths Chinese communists Chinese revolutionaries Chinese Communist Party politicians from Hunan Hunan First Normal University alumni Moscow Sun Yat-sen University alumni People from Ningxiang Politicians from Changsha Republic of China politicians from Hunan