''Hanguana'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...

s with a dozen known species. It is the only genus in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Hanguanaceae. The

APG IV system The APG IV system of flowering plant classification is the fourth version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy for flowering plants (angiosperms) being developed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). It was publish ...

of 2016 recognizes such a family and places it in the order

Commelinales Commelinales is an order of flowering plants. It comprises five families: Commelinaceae, Haemodoraceae, Hanguanaceae, Philydraceae, and Pontederiaceae. All the families combined contain over 885 species in about 70 genera; the majority of s ...

, in the clade

commelinids In plant taxonomy, commelinids (originally commelinoids) is a clade of flowering plants within the monocots, distinguished by having cell walls containing ferulic acid. Well-known commelinids include palms and relatives (order Arecales), dayf ...

, in the

monocots Monocotyledons (), commonly referred to as monocots, ( Lilianae '' sensu'' Chase & Reveal) are flowering plants whose seeds contain only one embryonic leaf, or cotyledon. A monocot taxon has been in use for several decades, but with various ranks a ...

(unchanged from the

APG III system The APG III system of flowering plant classification is the third version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy being developed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG). Published in 2009, it was superseded in 2016 by a f ...

of 2009 and the APG II system of 2003. This represents a slight change from the

APG system The APG system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system) of plant classification is the first version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy. Published in 1998 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, it was replaced by the improved ...

, of 1998, which left Hanguanaceae unplaced as to order, but assigned it to these same clades (although it used the name commelinoids). The family consists of only very few species of perennial, tropical plants in

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Mainland Au ...

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; , fossilized , also known as Papua or historically ) is the List of islands by area, world's second-largest island, with an area of . Located in Melanesia in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is ...

Micronesia Micronesia (, ) is a subregion of Oceania, consisting of approximately 2,000 small islands in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. It has a close shared cultural history with three other island regions: Maritime Southeast Asia to the west, Poly ...

, and northern

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

. Species currently accepted (August 2014): #''

Hanguana bakoensis ''Hanguana'' is a genus of flowering plants with a dozen known species. It is the only genus in the family Hanguanaceae. The APG IV system of 2016 recognizes such a family and places it in the order Commelinales, in the clade commelinids, in th ...

'' Siti Nurfazilah, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Sarawak #'' Hanguana bogneri'' Tillich & E.Sill - Sarawak #'' Hanguana exultans'' Siti Nurfazilah, Mohd Fahmi, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Peninsular Malaysia #'' Hanguana kassintu'' Blume - Java #''

Hanguana loi ''Hanguana'' is a genus of flowering plants with a dozen known species. It is the only genus in the family Hanguanaceae. The APG IV system of 2016 recognizes such a family and places it in the order Commelinales, in the clade commelinids, in th ...

'' Mohd Fahmi, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Sarawak #''

Hanguana major ''Hanguana'' is a genus of flowering plants with a dozen known species. It is the only genus in the family Hanguanaceae. The APG IV system of 2016 recognizes such a family and places it in the order Commelinales, in the clade commelinids, in th ...

'' Airy Shaw - Sarawak, Sabah #''

Hanguana malayana ''Hanguana'' is a genus of flowering plants with a dozen known species. It is the only genus in the family Hanguanaceae. The APG IV system of 2016 recognizes such a family and places it in the order Commelinales, in the clade commelinids, in th ...

'' (Jack) Merr. - Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Philippines, New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory, Palau. ''Bakong'' (Hanguana malayana) is abundant in Laguna de Cagayan's agricultural wasteland, specifically in

Santa Teresita, Cagayan Santa Teresita, officially the Municipality of Santa Teresita (; ; ), is a municipality in the province of Cagayan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 19,573 people. Geography Santa Teresita is situated from the p ...

, Mindoro, Palawan, Lanao del Sur, Agusan del Sur, and Surigao. The aquatic plant grows to three meters and is used to make pulp, yarn, bioplastics, textile, clothing, accessories, furniture and paper

handicrafts A handicraft is a traditional main sector of craft making and applies to a wide range of creative and design activities that are related to making things with one's hands and skill, including work with textiles, moldable and rigid material ...

. #''

Hanguana neglecta ''Hanguana'' is a genus of flowering plants with a dozen known species. It is the only genus in the family Hanguanaceae. The APG IV system of 2016 recognizes such a family and places it in the order Commelinales, in the clade commelinids, in th ...

'' ? - Malaya #'' Hanguana nitens'' Siti Nurfazilah, Mohd Fahmi, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Peninsular Malaysia #'' Hanguana pantiensis'' Siti Nurfazilah, Mohd Fahmi, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Peninsular Malaysia #'' Hanguana podzolica'' Siti Nurfazilah, Mohd Fahmi, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Peninsular Malaysia #''

Hanguana rubinea ''Hanguana'' is a genus of flowering plants with a dozen known species. It is the only genus in the Family (biology), family Hanguanaceae. The APG IV system of 2016 recognizes such a family and places it in the order Commelinales, in the clade ...

'' Škorničk. & P.C.Boyce - Singapore #''

Hanguana stenopoda ''Hanguana'' is a genus of flowering plants with a dozen known species. It is the only genus in the family Hanguanaceae. The APG IV system of 2016 recognizes such a family and places it in the order Commelinales, in the clade commelinids, in th ...

'' Siti Nurfazilah, Mohd Fahmi, Sofiman Othman & P.C.Boyce - Peninsular Malaysia #''

Hanguana triangulata ''Hanguana'' is a genus of flowering plants with a dozen known species. It is the only genus in the family Hanguanaceae. The APG IV system of 2016 recognizes such a family and places it in the order Commelinales, in the clade commelinids, in th ...

'' Škorničk. & P.C.Boyce - Singapore

References

External links

''Monocot families'' (USDA)links at CSDL
Commelinales genera {{Commelinales-stub