The following is a list of Mongol rulers. The list of states is chronological but follows the development of different dynasties.

Khamag Mongol (1120s–1206)

Kaidu Kaidu (Middle Mongol: , Modern Mongol: / , ; ; c. 1230 – 1301) was a grandson of the Mongol khagan Ögedei (1185–1241) and thus leader of the House of Ögedei and the ''de facto'' khan of the Chagatai Khanate, a division of the Mongol Em ...

– the first Khan to unite the

Mongol The Mongols ( mn, Монголчууд, , , ; ; russian: Монголы) are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, Inner Mongolia in China and the Buryatia Republic of the Russian Federation. The Mongols are the principal member ...

clans *

Khabul Khan Khabul Khan ( mn, Хабул хан; ), also rendered as Qabul Khan, Kabul Khan and Khabul Khagan, (b. 1090s/1100 – d. 1130 CE.) was the founder and first known Khan of the Khamag Mongol confederation and great-grandfather of Genghis Khan. and ...

– the first Khan of the

Khamag Mongol Khamag Mongol ( mn, Хамаг монгол, Khamag mongol, lit=the whole Mongol; ) was a major Mongolic tribal confederation (khanlig) on the Mongolian Plateau in the 12th century. It is sometimes considered to be a predecessor state to the ...

confederation *

Ambaghai Khan Ambaghai or Hambaqai Khan (; ) ( ? – died 1156) was a khan of the Khamag Mongol, one of the great grandsons of Khaidu Khan and the cousin and predecessor of Hotula Khan, he was the Leader of Taichud Clan one of sub-branch of Borjigid, and al ...

* Hotula Khan * Yesugei ''(de facto)'' *

Genghis Khan Genghis Khan (born Temüjin; ; xng, Temüjin, script=Latn; ., name=Temujin – August 25, 1227) was the founder and first Great Khan (Emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the List of largest empires, largest contiguous empire in history a ...

Mongol Empire (1206–1368)

Great Khans and Yuan dynasty

Before

Kublai Khan Kublai ; Mongolian script: ; (23 September 1215 – 18 February 1294), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Shizu of Yuan and his regnal name Setsen Khan, was the founder of the Yuan dynasty of China and the fifth khagan-emperor of ...

announced the dynastic name "Great Yuan" in 1271,

Khagan Khagan or Qaghan (Mongolian:; or ''Khagan''; otk, 𐰴𐰍𐰣 ), or , tr, Kağan or ; ug, قاغان, Qaghan, Mongolian Script: ; or ; fa, خاقان ''Khāqān'', alternatively spelled Kağan, Kagan, Khaghan, Kaghan, Khakan, Khakhan ...

s (Great Khans) of the

Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous land empire in history. Originating in present-day Mongolia in East Asia, the Mongol Empire at its height stretched from the Sea of Japan to parts of Eastern Europe, ...

(''Ikh Mongol Uls'') already started to use the Chinese title of

Emperor An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife ( empress consort), mother ( ...

() practically in the

Chinese language Chinese (, especially when referring to written Chinese) is a group of languages spoken natively by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in Greater China. About 1.3 billion people (or approximately 16% of the ...

since

(as ). With the establishment of the

Yuan dynasty The Yuan dynasty (), officially the Great Yuan (; xng, , , literally "Great Yuan State"), was a Mongol-led imperial dynasty of China and a successor state to the Mongol Empire after its division. It was established by Kublai, the fif ...

in 1271, the Kublaids became Yuan emperors, who took on a dual identity of Khagan for the Mongols and Huangdi for ethnic Han. GENEALOGY

(1206–1227) *

Tolui Khan Tolui (also Toluy, Tului; , meaning: "the mirror"; – 1232) was a Mongol khan, the fourth son of Genghis Khan by his chief khatun, Börte. At his father's death in 1227, his ''ulus'', or territorial inheritance, was the Mongol homelands on ...

(as Regent) (1227–1229) *

Ögedei Khan Ögedei Khagan (also Ogodei;, Mongolian: ''Ögedei'', ''Ögüdei''; – 11 December 1241) was second khagan-emperor of the Mongol Empire. The third son of Genghis Khan, he continued the expansion of the empire that his father had begun. ...

(1229–1241) *

Töregene Khatun Töregene Khatun (also Turakina, , ) (d. 1246) was the Great Khatun and regent of the Mongol Empire from the death of her husband Ögedei Khan in 1241 until the election of her eldest son Güyük Khan in 1246. Background Töregene was born ...

(as Regent) (1241–1246) *

Güyük Khan Güyük (also Güyug;; ''c''. March 19, 1206 – April 20, 1248) was the third Khagan-Emperor of the Mongol Empire, the eldest son of Ögedei Khan and a grandson of Genghis Khan. He reigned from 1246 to 1248. Appearance According to Giovann ...

(1246–1248) * Oghul Qaimish (as Regent) (1248–1251) *

Möngke Khan Möngke ( mn, ' / Мөнх '; ; 11 January 1209 – 11 August 1259) was the fourth khagan-emperor of the Mongol Empire, ruling from 1 July 1251, to 11 August 1259. He was the first Khagan from the Toluid line, and made significant reform ...

(1251–1259) *'' Ariq Böke'' (1259–1264) *

(1260–1294) – Khagan title: Setsen; Temple name: Shizu (1271–1294) Era name: Zhongtong (中統) (1260–1264); Zhiyuan (至元) (1264–1294) *

Temür Khan Öljeytü Khan ( Mongolian: Өлзийт; Mongolian script: '; ), born Temür ( mn, Төмөр ; ; October 15, 1265 – February 10, 1307), also known as Emperor Chengzong of Yuan () by his temple name ''Chengzong'', was the second emperor of the ...

– Khagan title: Öljeitu; Temple name: Chengzong – (1294–1307); Era names: Yuanzhen (元貞) (1295–1297); Dade (大德) (1297–1307) * Külüg Khan – Khagan title: Khülük; Temple name: Wuzong – (1308–1311); Era name: Zhida (至大) (1308–1311) * Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan – Temple name: Renzong – (1311–1320); Era names: Huangqing (皇慶) (1312–1313); Yanyou (延祐) (1314–1320) * Gegeen Khan – Khagan title: Gegeen; Temple name: Yingzong – (1321–1323); Era name: Zhizhi (至治) (1321–1323) * Yesün-Temür – Temple name: Taiding Di – (1323–1328); Era names: Taiding (泰定) (1321–1328); Zhihe (致和) 1328 * Ragibagh Khan – Temple name: Tianshun Di; Era name: Tianshun (天順) (1328) *

Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür Jayaatu Khan ( Mongolian: Заяат хаан ; ''Jayaγatu qaγan''; ), born Tugh Temür (Mongolian: Төвтөмөр ; ), also known by the temple name Wenzong (Emperor Wenzong of Yuan, ; 16 February 1304 – 2 September 1332), was an emperor of ...

– Khagan title: Jayaaatu; Temple name: Wenzong – (1328–1329 / 1329–1332); Era names: Tianli (天歷) (1328–1330); Zhishun (至順) (1330–1332) * Khutughtu Khan Kusala – Khagan title: Khutughtu; Temple name: Mingzong; Era name: Tianli (天歷) (1329) * Rinchinbal Khan – Temple name: Ningzong; Era name: Zhishun (至順) (1332) * Toghon Temür – Khagan title: Ukhaantu; Temple name: Huizong ; Shundi – (1333–1370); Era names: Zhishun (至順) (1333); Yuantong (元統) (1333–1335); Zhiyuan (至元) (1335–1340); Zhizheng (至正) (1341–1368); Zhiyuan (至元) 1368–1370

Golden Horde

Batu Khan Batu Khan ( – 1255),, ''Bat haan'', tt-Cyrl, Бату хан; ; russian: хан Баты́й was a Mongol ruler and founder of the Golden Horde, a constituent of the Mongol Empire. Batu was a son of Jochi, thus a grandson of Genghis K ...

(1227–1255) * Sartaq (1255–56) *

Ulaghchi Ulaghchi (Ulaqchi or Ulavchii) Khan ( mn, Улаагч Хаан, tt-Cyrl, Улакчы хан) (died 1257) was the third khan of the Blue Horde and Golden Horde, ruling for less than a year in 1257. Life It is not clear whether Ulaghchi was t ...

(1257) *

Berke Berke Khan (died 1266) (also Birkai; , tt-Cyrl, Бәркә хан) was a grandson of Genghis Khan and a Mongol military commander and ruler of the Golden Horde (division of the Mongol Empire) who effectively consolidated the power of the Blue ...

(1257–1266) * Mengu-Timur (1266–1282) *

Tuda Mengu Tuda Mengu, also known as Tode Mongke, Tudamongke ( mn, Тодмөнх/Todmönkh or Tudamönkh, lit=Eternal Brightness), was khan of the Golden Horde, division of the Mongol Empire from 1280 to 1287. Biography Tode Mongke was the son of Toqoqan ...

(1282–1287) * Talabuga (1287–1291) *

Toqta Tokhta (Toqta, Toktu, Tokhtai, Tochtu or Tokhtogha) (died ) was a khan of the Golden Horde, son of Mengu-Timur and great-grandson of Batu Khan. His name "Tokhtokh" means "hold/holding" in the Mongolian language. Early reign under Nogai In ...

(1291–1312) *

Uzbeg Khan The Uzbeks ( uz, , , , ) are a Turkic ethnic group native to the wider Central Asian region, being among the largest Turkic ethnic group in the area. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, next to Kazakh and Karakalpak m ...

(1312–1341) * Tini Beg (1341–1342) *

Jani Beg Jani Beg ( fa, , tt-Latn, Canibäk), also known as Djanibek Khan, was a Khan of the Golden Horde from 1342 to 1357, succeeding his father Öz Beg Khan. Reign With the support of his mother Taydula Khatun, Jani Beg made himself khan after eli ...

(1342–1357) *

Berdi Beg Berdi Beg or Berdibek ( fa, , tt-Latn, Möxämmät Bärdibäk) was Khan of the Golden Horde from 1357 to 1359, having succeeded his father Jani Beg. Berdi Beg was the last khan to rule before the beginning of a long cycle of civil wars in the ...

(1357–1361) *

Qulpa Qulpa (Qūlpā, sometimes read as ''Qulna'' (Qūlnah); ''Kulpa'' and ''Askulpa'' in Russian chronicles, and ''Colbadinus Cam'' in a contemporary Venetian document), was Khan of the Golden Horde from August 1359 to February 1360. He came to the th ...

(1359–1360) *

Nawruz Beg Nawruz Beg ( fa, , tt-Latn, Möxämmät Näwrüzbäk) was a Khan of the Golden Horde, who reigned in 1360. Nawruz Beg succeeded to the throne after the murder of his predecessor Qulpa and the latter's two sons, in February 1360. Nawruz Beg's a ...

(1360–1361) * Khidr (1361–1362) *Timur Khwaja (1362) *Abdallah (1362–1370), actual ruler was Mamai *Murad (1362–1367), actual ruler was Mamai *Aziz (1367–1369), actual ruler was Mamai *Jani Beg II (1369–1370), actual ruler was Mamai *Muhammad Bolak (1370–1379), actual ruler was Mamai * Tulun Beg Khanum (as regent) (1370–1373), actual ruler was Mamai *Aig Beg (1373–1376), actual ruler was Mamai *Arab Shaykh (1376–1379), actual ruler was Mamai *Kagan Beg (1375–1376), actual ruler was Mamai *Ilbani (1373–1376), actual ruler was Mamai *Hajji Cherkes (1375–1376), actual ruler was Mamai *

Urus Khan Urus Khan ( fa, ; also known as Muḥammad-Urūs, Orys, Arys, Yrys, Orys Khan) was the eighth Khan of the White Horde and a disputed Khan of the Blue Horde; he was a direct descendant of Genghis Khan. Urus himself was the direct ancestor of the ...

(1376–1378), Urus was also Khan of the White Horde and uncle of Toqtamish, allowing the Hordes to unite. *Muhammad Bolaq (1375), actual ruler was Mamai *Ghiyath-ud-din Khaqan Beg (1375–1377) *

Toqtaqiya Little is known about Toqtaqiya except that he was a son of Urus Khan and was Khan of the White Horde for less than a year. In this time, he defeated his cousin Toqtamish and drove him from Sabran. He died shortly after this victory, just a few m ...

(1377) *Arab Shah Muzaffar (1377–1380), actual ruler was Mamai *

Timur-Malik Temür Malik, also spelled Timur-Malik, the son of Urus Khan, was the ninth Khan of the White Horde. Early during his reign, he successfully invaded the lands of his cousin Toqtamysh. However, Toqtamysh later managed to trap and kill Timur-Mali ...

(1377–1378) *Ghiyath-ud-din Khaqan Beg (1375–1377) * Tokhtamysh (1380–1395) * Temür Qutlugh (1396–1401), actual ruler was Edigu *

Shadi Beg Shādī Beg was Khan of the Golden Horde from 1399 to 1407. He was the protégé of the all-powerful beglerbeg Edigu. Ancestry According to the ''Muʿizz al-ansāb'' and the ''Tawārīḫ-i guzīdah-i nuṣrat-nāmah'', Shādī Beg was a son of ...

(1399–1407), actual ruler was Edigu * Pulad (1407–1410), actual ruler was Edigu *Temür (1410–1412) * Jalal ad-Din khan (1411–1412) *Feicüs al-Doste (1413–1414) *Karimberdi *Kebeg * Jabbar Berdi (1417–1419) *

Olugh Mokhammad Ulugh Muhammad (1405–1445; ; tt-Cyrl, Олуг Мөхәммәт, translit=Oluğ Möxəmmət; written as Ulanus by orientalists) was a medieval Tatar statesman, Gengisid, Khan of the Golden Horde (before 1436), ruler of Crimea (1437), and the ...

(1419–1421, 1428–1433) *

Dawlat Berdi Dawlat Berdi ( fa, ; died 1432), also known as Devlet Berdi, was a Khan of the Golden Horde who reigned from 1419 to 1421, and again from 1428 to his death in 1432. He was the son of Jabbar Berdi and a descendant of Berke Khan. Life His firs ...

(1419–1421, 1427–1432) * Baraq (1422–1427) * Seyid Akhmed (1433–1435) *

Küchük Muhammad Küchük Muḥammad or Kīchīk Muḥammad (; 28 June 1391 – 1459) was a Mongol Khan of the Golden Horde from 1433 until his death in 1459. He was the son of Tīmūr Khan, possibly by a daughter of the powerful beglerbeg Edigu. His name, "L ...

(1435–1459) *

Mahmud Mahmud is a transliteration of the male Arabic given name (), common in most parts of the Islamic world. It comes from the Arabic triconsonantal root Ḥ-M-D, meaning ''praise'', along with ''Muhammad''. Siam Mahmud *Mahmood (singer) (born 19 ...

(1459–1465) *

Ahmed Ahmad ( ar, أحمد, ʾAḥmad) is an Arabic male given name common in most parts of the Muslim world. Other spellings of the name include Ahmed and Ahmet. Etymology The word derives from the root (ḥ-m-d), from the Arabic (), from the ve ...

(1465–1481) *Shayk Ahmad (1481–1498, 1499–1502) *

Murtada Murtaza or Morteza or Mortaza, a Persianate form of the Arabic Murtada or Murtadha ( ar, مرتضى, translit=Murtaḍā, lit=One Pleasing to God, label=none), is a common Muslim name. Pronunciation varies with accent, from native Arabic speakers ...

(1498–1499)

Left wing (White Horde)

* Orda (1226–1251) *

Qun Quran Qun-Quran or Qun-Qiran (r. 1251 – c. 1280) was the khan of the White Horde, left wing of the Golden Horde. According to Jami al-Tawarikh ("Compendium of Chronicles") by Rashid-al-Din Hamadani, Qun-Quran was the fourth son of Orda, ...

(1251–c.1280) *

Köchü Khüchü (or Köchü, Konchi, Konichi) was the Khan of the White Horde between c. 1280–1302. He was the eldest son of Sartaqtay and Qujiyan of the Qongirat and a grandson of Orda Khan. Marco Polo says Köchü had a vast number of people, ...

(c.1280–1302) * Buyan (Bayan) (1302–1309) *

Sasibuqa Sasibuqa ( mn, Сатибуха; kk, Сасы Бұқа хан; 1309–1315?) was the Khan of White Horde. He was one of Bayan's four sons. The rulers of the White Horde or the Left wing of the Golden horde issued decrees with the name of ...

(1309–1315) *

Ilbasan :'' ''İlbasan'' was the Ottoman Turkish name of Elbasan, Albania'' Ilbasan or Erzen ( kz, Ерзен хан) was the ruler of White Horde from 1310/15 to 1320. During his reign, an increase in the cities, trade, and craft occurred in the Horde ...

(1315–1320) * Mubarak Khwaja (1320–1344) *

Chimtay Chimtay was a ruler of White Horde between 1344 and 1360. When his son or relative, Urus (future khan), urged him to take throne of the Golden Horde, utilizing the great troubles. He refused but sent his brother Ordu Sheykh who was later on k ...

(1344–1374) * Urus (1374–1376) *

(1376) *

(1377) * Tokhtamysh (1377–1378) *Koiruchik (1378–1399) * Baraq (1423–1428) *Muhammed (1428–1431) *Mustafa (1431–1446) ''This Horde was annexed by

Abu'l-Khayr Khan Abu'l-Khayr Khan ( uz, Abulxayirxon) (1412–1468) was a Khan of the Uzbek Khanate which united the nomadic Central Asian tribes.

of the Shaybanids in 1446''.

Right wing (Blue Horde)

Actual rulers of the Golden Horde (Jochid Ulus, Kipchak Khanate) were members of the House of Batu until 1361. *

(1227–1255) * Sartaq (1255–56) *

(1257) *

(1257–1266) * Mengu-Timur (1266–1282) *

(1282–1287) * Talabuga (1287–1291) *

(1291–1312) *

Öz Beg Khan Öz is a Turkish surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Doğan Öz (1934–1978), Turkish prosecutor assassinated during his investigation of the Turkish deep state. * Emanuel Öz Emanuel Öz (born 1979) is a Swedish politician, ...

(1312–1341) * Tini Beg (1341–1342) *

(1342–1357) *

(1357–1361) *

(1359–1360) *

(1360–1361) * Khidr (1361–1362) *Timur Khwaja (1362) *Abdallah (1362–1370), actual ruler was Mamai

Great Horde (1466–1502)

Ilkhanate

* Hülëgü (1256–1265) * Abaqa (1265–1282) * Tekuder (1282–1284) * Arghun (1284–1291) * Gaykhatu (1291–1295) *

Baydu Baydu (Mongolian script:; ) (died 1295) was the sixth ruler of the Mongol empire's Ilkhanate division in Iran. He was the son of Taraqai, who was in turn the fifth son of Hulagu Khan.Stevens, John. ''The history of Persia. Containing, the lives and ...

(1295) *

Ghazan Mahmud Ghazan (5 November 1271 – 11 May 1304) (, Ghazan Khan, sometimes archaically spelled as Casanus by the Westerners) was the seventh ruler of the Mongol Empire's Ilkhanate division in modern-day Iran from 1295 to 1304. He was the son o ...

(1295–1304) *

Öljaitü Öljaitü ( mn, , Öljaitü Qaghan, fa, اولجایتو), also known as Mohammad-e Khodabande ( fa, محمد خدابنده, ''khodābande'' from Persian meaning the "slave of God" or "servant of God"; 1280 – December 16, 1316), was the eig ...

(1304–1316) * Abu Sa'id (1316–1335) * Arpa Ke'ün (1335–1336) After the murder of Arpa, the regional states established during the disintegration of the Ilkhanate raised their own candidates as claimants. *

Musa Musa may refer to: Places *Mūša, a river in Lithuania and Latvia * Musa, Azerbaijan, a village in Yardymli Rayon * Musa, Iran, a village in Ilam Province * Musa, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran * Musa, Kerman, Iran * Musa, Bukan, West Azerbaija ...

(1336–1337) (puppet of 'Ali Padshah of Baghdad) *

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the mon ...

(1336–1338) ( Jalayirid puppet) *

Sati Beg Sati Beg ( 1316–1345) was an Ilkhanid princess, the sister of Il-Khan Abu Sa'id (r. 1316–1333). She was the consort of ''amir'' Chupan (1319–1327), Il-Khan Arpa (r. 1335–36), and Il-Khan Suleiman (r. 1339–1343). In 1338� ...

(1338–1339) (

Chobanid The Chobanids or the Chupanids ( fa, سلسله امرای چوپانی) were descendants of a Mongol family of the Suldus clan that came to prominence in 14th century Persia. At first serving under the Ilkhans, they took ''de facto'' control o ...

puppet) * Sulayman (1339–1343) (Chobanid puppet, recognized by the

Sarbadars The Sarbadars (from fa, سربدار ''sarbadār'', "head on gallows"; also known as Sarbedaran ) were a mixture of religious dervishes and secular rulers that came to rule over part of western Khurasan in the midst of the disintegration of ...

1341–1343) * Jahan Temür (1339–1340) (Jalayirid puppet) * Anushirwan (1343–1356) (non-dynastic Chobanid puppet) * Ghazan II (1356–1357) (known only from coinage) ''Claimants from eastern Persia (Khurasan):'' *

Togha Temür Togha Temür (died December 1353), also known as Taghaytimur, was a claimant to the throne of the Ilkhanate in the mid-14th century. Of the many individuals who attempted to become Ilkhan after the death of Abu Sa'id, Togha Temür was the only on ...

(c. 1338–1353) (recognized by the Kartids 1338–1349; by the Jalayirids 1338–1339, 1340–1344; by the Sarbadars 1338–1341, 1344, 1353) * Luqman (1353–1388) (son of Togha Temür)

Chobanids (1335–1357)

Jalayirid Sultanate (1335–1432)

Injuids (1335–1357)

Arghun Dynasty (1479?–1599?)

Chagatai Khanate

Chagatai Khan Chagatai Khan ( Mongolian: ''; Čaɣatay''; mn, Цагадай, translit=Tsagadai; chg, , ''Čaġatāy''; ug, چاغاتاي خان, ''Chaghatay-Xan''; zh, 察合台, ''Chágětái''; fa, , ''Joghatây''; 22 December 1183 – 1 July 1242) ...

1226–1242 *

Qara Hülëgü Qara may refer to: Places *Al Qara, a governorate in Al Bahah Region, Saudi Arabia *Qara, Syria, a Syrian city *Qara Oasis, Egypt Persons *Qara Iskander, ruled the Kara Koyunlu or Black Sheep Turcoman tribe from 1420 to 1436 *Qara Mahammad Töremi ...

1242–1246 d. 1252 *

Yesü Möngke Yesü Möngke (, died 1252) was head of the ''ulus'' of the Chagatai Khanate (1246 or 1247-1252). Biography He was the fifth son of Chagatai Khan and Yesülün Khatun. In or around 1246, he was appointed as khan of the Chagatai Khanate by his ...

1246–1252 *Qara Hülëgü (restored) 1252 * Mubarak Shah 1252–1260 ** Orghana Khatun (fem.), regent 1252–1260 * Alghu 1260–1266 *Mubarak Shah (restored) 1266 * Baraq 1266–1270 *

Negübei Negübei was a khan of the Chagatai Khanate (1271–1272?). He was the son of Sarban. In 1271 Negübei was appointed by Kaidu as head of the Chagatai Khanate. A year after his enthronement, however, he rebelled against his master, possibly i ...

1270–c. 1272 *

Buqa Temür Buqa Temür (Cyrillic Mongolian: , not to be confused with Tuka Timur, son of Djötchi, brother of Batu) was a khan of the Chagatai Khanate (1272?-1282). He was the son of Qadaqchi. Sometime around 1272 Buqa Temür killed Negübei, who had rise ...

c. 1272–1287 *

Duwa Duwa (; died 1307), also known as Du'a, was khan of the Chagatai Khanate (1282–1307). He was the second son of Baraq. He was the longest reigning monarch of the Chagatayid Khanate and accepted the nominal supremacy of the Yuan dynasty as ...

1287–1307 * Könchek 1306–1308 * Taliqu 1308–1309 * Kebek 1309 d. 1325 * Esen Buqa I 1309–c. 1318 *Kebek (restored) c. 1318–1325 * Eljigidey 1325–1329 * Duwa Temür 1329–1330 * Aladdin Tarmashirin 1331–1334 * Buzan 1334–1335 * Changshi 1335–1338 * Yesun Temur c. 1338–c. 1342 with... * 'Ali-Sultan 1342 * Muhammad I ibn Pulad 1342–1343 * Qazan Khan ibn Yasaur 1343–1346 * Danishmendji 1346–1348 The Chagatai Khanate was split into two parts, western and eastern.

Moghulistan (Eastern Chagatai Khanate)

Bayan Qulï Bayan Qulï (died 1358) was khan of the Chagatai Khanate from 1348 to 1358 and a grandson of Duwa. In 1348 Bayan Qulï was raised to the position of khan by the ruler of the Qara'unas, Amir Qazaghan, who had effectively taken control of the Cha ...

1348–1358 * Shah Temür 1358 * Tughlugh Timur (in Mogulistan 1348–1363) 1358–1363 *

Ilyas Khodja Ilyas Khoja (died 1368) was Khan in Transoxiana (1363) and Khan of Moghulistan from 1363 to 1368. He was the son of Tughlugh Timur. Biography In 1363, Tughlugh Timur, who had recently taken control of Transoxiana and had executed many of its loc ...

(in Mogulistan 1363–1368) 1363 d. 1368 *

Adil-Sultan Adil-Sultan (died 1363) was Khan of the Chagatai Khanate in 1363. He was the son of Muhammad I ibn Pulad Muhammad I ibn Pulad was a Khan (r. 1342–1343) of the Chagatai Khanate. He was a great-great-grandson of Chagatai Khan Ghiyas-ud-din ...

1363 *

Khabul Shah Khabul Shah (died 1370) was khan of the Chagatai Khanate from 1364 to 1370. Khabul Shah was raised to the head of the Chagatai ''ulus'' in 1364 by Amir Husayn, who was at the time the most powerful tribal leader in the region and who had recent ...

1364–1370 ''From 1370 on, the Chagatai Khans were puppets of Timur.'' *

Suurgatmish Soyurghatmïsh Khan (died 1384) was the khan of the Western Chagatai Khanate (1370–1384). He was the son of Danishmendji, of the House of Ogedei. When Timur gained control of the territory of the Western Chagatai Khanate in the 1360s, he di ...

1370–1388 * Sultan Mahmud (Mohammed II) 1388–1402

Kara Del (1383–1513)

Northern Yuan dynasty (1368–1634)

Khagans of the Mongols or

Northern Yuan dynasty The Northern Yuan () was a dynastic regime ruled by the Mongol Borjigin clan based in the Mongolian Plateau. It existed as a rump state after the collapse of the Yuan dynasty in 1368 and lasted until its conquest by the Jurchen-led Later Ji ...

(rump state of

until 1388): * Toghon Temür (1368–1370) * Biligtü Khan Ayushiridara (1370–1378) *

Uskhal Khan Tögüs Temür Uskhal Khan ( Mongolian: Усгал; Mongolian script: ; ), also called the Last Lord of Northern Yuan () or by his era name the Tianyuan Emperor (), born Tögüs Temür (; ), was an emperor of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1378 to ...

(1378–1388) *

Jorightu Khan Yesüder Jorightu Khan ( mn, Зоригт хаан ; ), (1358–1391) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1388 to 1391. The identity of Jorightu is disputed: some scholars believe that Jorightu was the same individual as Yesüder (), ...

(1388–1391) – descendant of Ariq Böke *

Engke Khan Engke ( mn, Энх ; ), (?–1394) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning for a brief period from 1391 to 1394. The identity of Engke is the subject of an academic dispute: according to Persian history books that Jorightu was Yesüd ...

(1391–1394) – descendant of Ariq Böke * Elbeg Nigülesügchi Khan (1394–1399) *

Gün Temür Khan Gün Temür ( mn, Гүнтөмөр; Mongolian script: ; ), regnal name Toqoqan Khan ( mn, Тогоон хаан; ), (1377–1402) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1400 to 1402. ''Erdeniin Tobchi'' claimed that Gün Temür w ...

(1399–1402) – descendant of Ariq Böke *

Örüg Temür Khan Örüg Temür Khan ( mn, Ёлтөмөр хаан ; ), possibly Gulichi (; Mongolian: ''γuyilinči''), (1379–1408) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1402 to 1408. Örüg Temür ( fa, اروک تیمور) in historical mat ...

(nickname Guilichi) (1402–1408) – descendant of Ögedei *

Öljei Temür Khan Öljei Temür Khan ( mn, Өлзийтөмөр хаан ; ), born Bunyashiri (, sa, प्रज्ञाश्री), (1379–1412) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1408 to 1412. He was a son of Elbeg Nigülesügchi ...

(Bunyashiri) (1408–1412) * Delbeg Khan (Dalbag) (1412–1415) – descendant of Ariq Böke *

Oyiradai Oyiradai ( mn, Ойрадай; ), (?–1425) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1415 to 1425. Oyiradai ascended to the throne with the help of the Oirats after Delbeg Khan was killed by eastern Mongols led by Adai Khan or pe ...

(1415–1425) – descendant of Ariq Böke * Adai Khan (1425–1438) – descendant of Ögedei * Tayisung Khan Toghtoa Bukha (1433–1452) * Agbarjin (1453) *

Esen taishi Esen ( mn, Эсэн; Mongol script: ; ), (?–1454) was a powerful Oirat taishi and the ''de facto'' ruler of the Northern Yuan dynasty between 12 September 1453 and 1454. He is best known for capturing the Emperor Yingzong of Ming in 1450 in th ...

– the leader of the

Oirats Oirats ( mn, Ойрад, ''Oirad'', or , Oird; xal-RU, Өөрд; zh, 瓦剌; in the past, also Eleuths) are the westernmost group of the Mongols whose ancestral home is in the Altai region of Siberia, Xinjiang and western Mongolia. Histor ...

(1453–1454) – non-Chingisid * Markörgis Khan (Ükegtü) (1454–1465) *

Molon Khan Molon Khan ( mn, Молон хаан; ), born Tögüs Mengke (), (1437–1466) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1465 to 1466. He was the eldest son of Taisun Khan. Reign Molon Khan succeeded his younger brother Mahakör ...

(1465–1466) *

Manduul Khan Manduul (also spelled Manduuluu, Manduyul or Manduyulun; mn, Мандуул; ), (1438–1478) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1475 to 1478. He was the younger half-brother of Taisun Khan. Early life After the death of ...

(1475–1478) *

Dayan Khan Dayan Khan ( mn, Даян Хаан; Mongol script: ; ), born Batumöngke ( mn, Батмөнх; ), (1472–1517) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1479 to 1517. During his rule, he reunited the Mongols under Chinggisid sup ...

(Batu Möngke) (1478–1516) *

Bars Bolud Jinong Bars Bolud ( mn, Барсболд; ), (1490–1531) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1517 to 1519. He later became jinong from 1519 to 1531. His name, Bars Bolud, means "Steel Tiger". Reign Barsbolad Jinong was the thi ...

(deputy) *

Bodi Alagh Khan Alagh Khan ( mn, Алаг хаан; ), born Bodi ( mn, Боди; ), (1504–1547) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1519 to 1547. Bodi Alagh Khan was Turbolad's eldest son and was handpicked by his grandfather Dayan Khan a ...

(1516–1547) * Daraisung Guden Khan (1547–1557) *

Tümen Jasagtu Khan Tumen ( zh, 图们) may refer to one of the following. Places *Tumen River, a river in China, North Korea, and Russia * Tumen, Jilin, a city in China People *''Tumen'', Bumin Khan, Turkic Khagan * Tümen Jasagtu Khan, a Khagan of Mongolia in ...

(1557–1592) *

Buyan Sechen Khan Sechen Khan ( mn, цэцэн хаан; ), born Buyan ( mn, Буян; ), (1556–1604) was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty, reigning from 1592 to 1604. He was the eldest son of Jasaghtu Khan whom he succeeded. Reign During Buyan Khan’s ...

(1592–1604) * Ligdan Khan (1604–1634) * Ejei Khan (1634–1635)

Genghisid Khalkha Khans (1600s–1691)

Independent Khalkha Mongol Khans (before Outer Mongolia merged into Manchu Qing):

Tüsheet Khan Tüsheet Khan ( Mongolian: Түшээт хан; ) refers to the territory as well as the Chingizid dynastic rulers of the Tüsheet Khanate, one of four Khalka khanates that emerged from remnants of the Mongol Empire after the death of Dayan Khan ...
s

Abtai Sain Khan Abtai Sain Khan ( Mongolian: ; 1554 - 1588) - alternately Abatai or Avtai (Mongolian: ,Cyrillic: Автайсайн хан, meaning, who have the gift of witchcraft (Автай) and good (сайн) - was a Khalkha-Mongolian prince who was named by ...

(1567–1588) *Eriyekhei Mergen Khan (1589–?) *Gombodorji Khan (d. 1655) *Chakhun Dorji Khan (1654–1698)

Jasagtu Khans

*Laikhur Khan *Subandai Khan *Norbu Bisireltü Khan (d. 1661) *Chambun Khan (1670?–) *Zenggün *Shara (d. 1687)

Sechen Khans

*Sholoi (1627–1652), son of Morbuim, succeeded his brother Khar Zagal in 1627. First with the title of Setsen Khan. *Babu (1652–1683), fifth son of Sholoi. *Norov (1683–1688), third son of Babu. Ancestry of

Navaanneren Tserendondovyn Navaanneren ( 1877–1937) was the 20th Khan of the hereditary Setsen Khanate located in the eastern third of modern-day Mongolia. His full title was "Mahasamadi Dalai Setsen Khan". The first Setsen Khan (Wise Khan) was Sholoi (1577 ...

/1910–1922/, eldest son of Tserendondov, who was the son of Orjinjav the son of Artased.

Altan Khan of the Khalkha The Altan Khans (lit. Golden Khan) ruled north-western Mongolia from about 1609 to 1691 at the latest. Altan Khan of Khalkha also known as Altan Khan of Khotogoid ruled over the Khotogoids in northwestern Mongolia and belonged to the Left Wing of ...

Ubasi Khong Tayiji Ubasi Khong Tayiji ( mn, Убаши хунтайж) was a 17th-century Mongol prince. He was the first Altan Khan of Khalkha who ruled Khotgoids in northwestern Khalkha See Altan Khan of the Khotgoid. 17th-century Mongol rulers 1623 ...

(Shului Ubasha Khong Tayiji) (?-1623) *

Badma Erdeni Khong Tayiji Badma Erdeni Khong Tayiji ( mn, Бадма эрдэнэ хунтайжийн) was a 17th-century Mongol prince of the Altyn Khan dynasty. Son of Ubasi Khong Tayiji Ubasi Khong Tayiji ( mn, Убаши хунтайж) was a 17th-century Mongol ...

(1623-?) *

Erinchin Lobsang Tayiji Erinchin Lobsang Tayiji ( mn, Ринчин Лувсан тайж) was a prince of the Khalkha The Khalkha ( Mongolian: mn, Халх, Halh, , zh, 喀爾喀) have been the largest subgroup of Mongol people in modern Mongolia since the 15th cen ...

(or Lobdzang or Rinchen Sayin Khong Tayiji) (1658-91)

Oirats

Four Oirat (1399–1634)

*Khuuhai Dayuu (c. 1399) *Ugetchi Khashikha (Mongolian: Ögöchi Khashikha; Mönkhtömör) *Batula Chinsan (Bahamu, Mahamud) (1399–1408) *Togoon Tayisi (Toghan) (1408–1438) * Esen (1438–1454) *Amasanj (1454–1455) *Ush-Temür (Ish-Temür) (1455–1469) *Khishig Urlugh *Arkhan Chingsang

Dzungar Khanate

Khara Khula Kharkhul (, English name: Khara Khula; died 1634) was a Choros (Oirats) prince and tayishi of the Choros tribe. He is best known for forming and leading a coalition of the Four Oirats in battle against Ubasi Khun Tayishi, the Khalkha prince who ru ...

(d. 1634) * Baatur Khung-Taiji (1634–1653) *

Sengge Sengge (; died 1671) was a Choros-Oirat prince and the chosen successor of his father Erdeni Batur to rule over the Dzungar. Sengge ruled over a section of the Dzungar from 1653 until his murder in 1671 by his two older half-brothers Tsetsen ...

(1653–1670) *

Galdan Boshugtu Khan Erdeniin Galdan (1644–1697, mn, Галдан Бошигт хаан, , ), known as Galdan Boshugtu Khan (in Mongolian script: ) was a Choros Dzungar- Oirat Khan of the Dzungar Khanate. As fourth son of Erdeni Batur, founder of the Dzungar ...

(1670–1697) *

Tsewang Arabtan Tsewang Rabtan (from ''Tsewang Rapten''; ; ; 1643–1727) was a Choros (Oirats) prince and the Khong Tayiji of the Dzungar Khanate from 1697 (following the death of his uncle and rival Galdan Boshugtu Khan) until his death in 1727. He was mar ...

(1694–1727) * Galdan Tseren Khan (1727–1745) *Tsewang-Dorji-Namjil (1746–1749) *Lamdarja (1749–1752) *Dawachi (1752–1755)

Khans of Khoshut Khanate

Güshi Khan Güshi Khan (1582 – 14 January 1655; ) was a Khoshut prince and founder of the Khoshut Khanate, who supplanted the Tumed descendants of Altan Khan as the main benefactor of the Dalai Lama and the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism. In 1637, Güshi ...

Toro-Baikhu (1642–1655) * Dayan Ochir Khan (1655–1669) *Gonchug Dalai Khan (1669–1698) * Lhazang Chingis Khan (1698–1717)

Khotgoid Khanate (late 16th century – late 17th century)

Torghud khans of the Kalmyk Khanate

Kho Orluk Kho Orluk ( mn, Хо Өрлөг; died 1644) was an Oirat prince and Taish of the Torghut- Oirat tribe. Around 1616, Kho Orluk persuaded the other Torghut princes and lesser nobility to move their tribe en masse westward through southern Siberia a ...

(d. 1644) *Shukhur Daichin (1644–1661) *Puntsuk (1661–1669) * Ayuka Khan (1669–1724) *Tseren Donduk Khan (1724–1735) *Donduk Ombo Khan (1735–1741) *Donduk Dashi Khan (1741–1761) * Ubashi Khan (1762–1771)

Bogd Khanate of Mongolia (1911–1924)

Bogd Khan Bogd Khan, , ; ( – 20 May 1924) was the khan of the Bogd Khaganate from 1911 to 1924, following the state's ''de facto'' independence from the Qing dynasty of China after the Xinhai Revolution. Born in Tibet, he was the third most importa ...

(r. 1911–19, 1921–24) – Era name: Olnoo Örgögdsön (1911–1924); (the 8th

Jebtsundamba Khutuktu The Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, , ; zh, c=哲布尊丹巴呼圖克圖, p=Zhébùzūn Dānbā Hūtúkètú; bo, རྗེ་བཙུན་དམ་པ་ཧུ་ཐུག་ཐུ་, Jetsün Dampa Hutuktu; "Venerable Excellent incarnate lama" ar ...

) – Tibetan Spiritual head of Mongolian's Geluk Sect.

References

Citations

Sources

* Dughlát Muhammad Haidar, Norbert Elias, Edward Denison Ross – The Tarikh-i-rashidi * Henry Hoyle Howorth-History of the Mongols * Herbert Franke, Denis Twitchett, John King Fairbank -The Cambridge History of China: Alien regimes and border states, 907–1368 * William Bayne Fisher, Peter Jackson, Laurence Lockhart, J. A. Boyle -The Cambridge history of Iran, 5 * Konstantin Nikolaevich Maksimov – Kalmykia in Russia's past and present national policies and administrative system {{Mongol ethnic groups * * * History of the Mongol Empire Lists of khans

Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 million ...

Rulers