Grahi inscription is an

inscription Epigraphy () is the study of inscriptions, or epigraphs, as writing; it is the science of identifying graphemes, clarifying their meanings, classifying their uses according to dates and cultural contexts, and drawing conclusions about the wr ...

found in Chaiya, southern

Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is b ...

, written in

Old Khmer Old Khmer is the oldest attested stage of the Khmer language, an Austroasiatic language historically and presently spoken across Cambodia, Southern Vietnam, and parts of Thailand and Laos. It is recorded in inscriptions dating from the early 7th ...

language with Old Sumatran script, and dated to 1183 CE. This inscription is written on the

pedestal A pedestal (from French ''piédestal'', Italian ''piedistallo'' 'foot of a stall') or plinth is a support at the bottom of a statue, vase, column, or certain altars. Smaller pedestals, especially if round in shape, may be called socles. In c ...

of a bronze Buddha statue, that is stored at Wat Hua Wiang temple. The name ''Grahi'', called ''Kia-lo-hi'' in Chinese record Zhu Fan Zhi, is considered to be the old name of Chaiya. The city was part of

Tambralinga Tambralinga ( sa, Tāmbraliṅga) was an Indianised kingdom located on the Malay Peninsula, existing at least from the 10th to 13th century. It was under the influence of Srivijaya for some time, but later became independent from it. The name ha ...

, once a border polity between

Srivijaya Srivijaya ( id, Sriwijaya) was a Buddhist thalassocratic empire based on the island of Sumatra (in modern-day Indonesia), which influenced much of Southeast Asia. Srivijaya was an important centre for the expansion of Buddhism from the ...

and Khmer kingdoms in the

Malay Peninsula The Malay Peninsula ( Malay: ''Semenanjung Tanah Melayu'') is a peninsula in Mainland Southeast Asia. The landmass runs approximately north–south, and at its terminus, it is the southernmost point of the Asian continental mainland. The are ...

Text

The transliteration of the inscription according to Cœdès is as follows: # 11006 ''(sic)'' # # # #

Translation

The approximate translation of the inscription is as follows: :''In the year of Saka 1105 (1183 CE), on the orders of Kamraten An Maharaja Srimat Trailokyaraja Maulibhusanavarmadeva, on the third day of the rising month of Jyestha, Wednesday, Mahasenapati Galanai alanai who governs the land of Grahi, invited Mraten Sri Nano to create this statue. The weight of ''samrit'' is 1 ''bhara'' 2 ''tula'' and the value of gold is 10 ''tamlin''. This statue has been erected so that all the faithful can enjoy, venerate, and adore it here .... obtain the omniscience ..''

References

{{reflist Inscriptions of Thailand Khmer language Sumatran script

Text

Translation

See also

References