The Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria was celebrated on 20 and 21 June 1887 to mark the 50th anniversary of

Queen Victoria Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until Death and state funeral of Queen Victoria, her death in January 1901. Her reign of 63 year ...

's accession on 20 June 1837. It was celebrated with a Thanksgiving Service at

Westminster Abbey Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of Saint Peter at Westminster, is an Anglican church in the City of Westminster, London, England. Since 1066, it has been the location of the coronations of 40 English and British m ...

, and a banquet to which 50 European kings and princes were invited.

Background

As the fiftieth anniversary of Victoria's accession approached, public anticipation of national celebrations began to grow, encouraged by the Liberal politician, Lord Granville. At the previous royal jubilee, the Golden Jubilee of George III, the king had been ill at

Windsor Castle Windsor Castle is a List of British royal residences, royal residence at Windsor, Berkshire, Windsor in the English county of Berkshire, about west of central London. It is strongly associated with the Kingdom of England, English and succee ...

, so there was little precedent to follow. In 1872, the recovery of Edward, Prince of Wales from a bout of

typhoid fever Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a disease caused by '' Salmonella enterica'' serotype Typhi bacteria, also called ''Salmonella'' Typhi. Symptoms vary from mild to severe, and usually begin six to 30 days after exposure. Often th ...

was marked by Victoria processing through London to a thanksgiving service at

St Paul's Cathedral St Paul's Cathedral, formally the Cathedral Church of St Paul the Apostle, is an Anglican cathedral in London, England, the seat of the Bishop of London. The cathedral serves as the mother church of the Diocese of London in the Church of Engl ...

; despite the queen's reluctance, this had proved to be a resounding success which had silenced the many critics of the monarchy. For the Golden Jubilee, Victoria had informed the

Conservative Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy and ideology that seeks to promote and preserve traditional institutions, customs, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civiliza ...

prime minister,

Lord Salisbury Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (; 3 February 183022 August 1903), known as Lord Salisbury, was a British statesman and Conservative Party (UK), Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United ...

, that she intended to have a thanksgiving service at

, and ignoring the Biblical tradition that the start of the fiftieth year should be celebrated, the jubilee should mark the completion of fifty years. The service should reference Victoria's coronation, although the queen would not wear a crown or robes of state. This entailed considerable alterations inside the Abbey, which Lord Salisbury reluctantly agreed to finance, but he insisted that the queen should underwrite the rest of the costs.

The Queen's Jubilee message

On the occasion of her Golden Jubilee, Queen Victoria wrote a message of thanks to her people, which was then published in the London Gazette and national newspapers:

Celebrations

India

The first official Golden Jubilee celebrations were in the Indian Empire, and began in February to avoid the summer heat. Events took place across India on Jubilee Day, 16 February, orchestrated by the

Viceroy A viceroy () is an official who reigns over a polity in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory. The term derives from the Latin prefix ''vice-'', meaning "in the place of" and the Anglo-Norman ''roy'' (Old Frenc ...

, Lord Lytton, although his attempts to link the event with the perceived success of the British administration were mostly ignored by local rulers. A durbar in Bombay (now

Mumbai Mumbai ( ; ), also known as Bombay ( ; its official name until 1995), is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. Mumbai is the financial capital and the most populous city proper of India with an estimated population of 12 ...

) was attended by Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught. Additionally, Victoria had a contingent of cavalry from the

British Indian Army The Indian Army was the force of British Raj, British India, until Indian Independence Act 1947, national independence in 1947. Formed in 1895 by uniting the three Presidency armies, it was responsible for the defence of both British India and ...

brought to London to be her personal escort, and engaged two Indian Muslims as waiters, one of whom was Abdul Karim. Invitations to the jubilee celebrations were extended to the rulers of the Indian Princely States, several of whom were willing to make the lengthy journey to London.

20 June

On 20 June 1887, the Queen had breakfast outdoors under the trees at

Frogmore Frogmore is an estate within the Home Park, Windsor, Home Park, adjoining Windsor Castle, in Berkshire, England. It comprises , of primarily private gardens managed by the Crown Estate. It is the location of Frogmore House, a royal retreat, and ...

, where

Prince Albert Prince Albert most commonly refers to: *Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1819–1861), consort of Queen Victoria *Albert II, Prince of Monaco (born 1958), present head of state of Monaco Prince Albert may also refer to: Royalty * Alb ...

had been buried. She wrote in her diary: She then travelled by train from Windsor station to

Paddington Paddington is an area in the City of Westminster, in central London, England. A medieval parish then a metropolitan borough of the County of London, it was integrated with Westminster and Greater London in 1965. Paddington station, designed b ...

then to

Buckingham Palace Buckingham Palace () is a royal official residence, residence in London, and the administrative headquarters of the monarch of the United Kingdom. Located in the City of Westminster, the palace is often at the centre of state occasions and r ...

for a lunch. In the evening, there was a banquet, which fifty foreign kings and princes, along with the governing heads of Britain's overseas colonies and dominions, attended. She wrote in her diary:

21 June

Queen Victoria leaving Buckingham Palace for Westminster Abbey

The next day, the Queen participated in a procession in an open

landau Landau (), officially Landau in der Pfalz (, ), is an autonomous (''kreisfrei'') town surrounded by the Südliche Weinstraße ("Southern Wine Route") district of southern Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is a university town (since 1990), a long ...

, drawn by six cream-coloured horses, through

London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...

escorted by Colonial Indian cavalry. She refused to wear a crown, wearing instead a bonnet and a long dress. The procession through London, according to

Mark Twain Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910), known by the pen name Mark Twain, was an American writer, humorist, and essayist. He was praised as the "greatest humorist the United States has produced," with William Fau ...

, "stretched to the limit of sight in both directions". The spectators were accommodated on terraced benches along 10 miles of scaffolding erected for the purpose. At Westminster Abbey, there was a Service of Thanksgiving held for the Queen's reign. The music included the singing of a ''

Te Deum The ( or , ; from its incipit, ) is a Latin Christian hymn traditionally ascribed to a date before AD 500, but perhaps with antecedents that place it much earlier. It is central to the Ambrosian hymnal, which spread throughout the Latin ...

'' which had been composed by Prince Albert. During the service, a beam of sunlight fell upon her bowed head, which the future Queen

Liliʻuokalani Queen Liliʻuokalani (; Lydia Liliʻu Loloku Walania Kamakaʻeha; September 2, 1838 – November 11, 1917) was the only queen regnant and the last sovereign monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom, ruling from January 29, 1891, until the overthrow of th ...

of Hawaiʻi observing noted as a mark of divine favour. On her return to the palace, she went to her balcony and was cheered by the crowd. In the ballroom she distributed brooches made for the Jubilee to her family. In the evening, she put on a gown embroidered with silver roses, thistles and shamrocks and attended a banquet. Afterwards she received a procession of diplomats and Indian princes. She was then wheeled in her chair to sit and watch fireworks in the palace garden. The Queen reflected on the day in her diary:

22 June

The next morning, Victoria went to

St James's Palace St James's Palace is the most senior royal palace in London, England. The palace gives its name to the Court of St James's, which is the monarch's royal court, and is located in the City of Westminster. Although no longer the principal residence ...

to visit her elderly aunt, the dowager Duchess of Cambridge. In the afternoon, the Queen attended a party in Hyde Park for 26,000 schoolchildren, who were all given a glass of milk, a bun and a Jubilee mug. Returning to Windsor by train, the Queen then unveiled a bronze statue of herself in Castle Hill by Sir Edgar Boehm, before viewing a torchlight procession by the schoolboys of

Eton College Eton College ( ) is a Public school (United Kingdom), public school providing boarding school, boarding education for boys aged 13–18, in the small town of Eton, Berkshire, Eton, in Berkshire, in the United Kingdom. It has educated Prime Mini ...

.Chapman & Raben 1977, p. 8-9

Aldershot review

On 9 July, Victoria and other members of the royal family attended a Jubilee Field State Review of the

British Army The British Army is the principal Army, land warfare force of the United Kingdom. the British Army comprises 73,847 regular full-time personnel, 4,127 Brigade of Gurkhas, Gurkhas, 25,742 Army Reserve (United Kingdom), volunteer reserve perso ...

Aldershot Aldershot ( ) is a town in the Rushmoor district, Hampshire, England. It lies on heathland in the extreme north-east corner of the county, south-west of London. The town has a population of 37,131, while the Farnborough/Aldershot built-up are ...

. The total number of troops participating was over 58,000; including 21,200 regular soldiers, 4,500

Militia A militia ( ) is a military or paramilitary force that comprises civilian members, as opposed to a professional standing army of regular, full-time military personnel. Militias may be raised in times of need to support regular troops or se ...

, 270

Yeomanry Yeomanry is a designation used by a number of units and sub-units in the British Army Reserve which are descended from volunteer cavalry regiments that now serve in a variety of different roles. History Origins In the 1790s, following the ...

and 33,000 Volunteers. The Queen, with an escort of the

10th Royal Hussars The 10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own) was a Cavalry regiments of the British Army, cavalry regiment of the British Army raised in 1715. It saw service for three centuries including the World War I, First World War and World War II, Sec ...

in which

Prince Albert Victor Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale (Albert Victor Christian Edward; 8 January 1864 – 14 January 1892) was the eldest child of the Prince and Princess of Wales (later King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra). From the time of his ...

was serving, received an address by the

Commander-in-Chief of the Forces Commander-in-Chief of the Forces, later Commander-in-Chief, British Army, or just Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C), was (intermittently) the title of the professional head of the English Army from 1660 to 1707 (the English Army, founded in 1645, wa ...

Prince George, Duke of Cambridge Prince George, Duke of Cambridge (George William Frederick Charles; 26 March 1819 – 17 March 1904) was a member of the British royal family, a grandson of King George III and cousin of Queen Victoria. The Duke was an army officer by professio ...

, and then watched the entire force march past in review. Although the ground had been watered that morning by two

traction engine A traction engine is a steam engine, steam-powered tractor used to move heavy loads on roads, plough ground or to provide power at a chosen location. The name derives from the Latin ''tractus'', meaning 'drawn', since the prime function of any ...

s, the passing of so many boots and hooves threw up great clouds of dust, to the annoyance of the huge crowd of spectators. Following lunch in a specially erected

pavilion In architecture, ''pavilion'' has several meanings; * It may be a subsidiary building that is either positioned separately or as an attachment to a main building. Often it is associated with pleasure. In palaces and traditional mansions of Asia ...

, the Queen returned to Windsor by train.

Spithead review

On 23 July, Victoria and the royal family attended a Jubilee Fleet Review at

Spithead Spithead is an eastern area of the Solent and a roadstead for vessels off Gilkicker Point in Hampshire, England. It is protected from all winds except those from the southeast, with the Isle of Wight lying to the south-west. Spithead and the ch ...

offshore from

Portsmouth Portsmouth ( ) is a port city status in the United Kingdom, city and unitary authority in Hampshire, England. Most of Portsmouth is located on Portsea Island, off the south coast of England in the Solent, making Portsmouth the only city in En ...

. Present were more than one hundred

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the naval warfare force of the United Kingdom. It is a component of His Majesty's Naval Service, and its officers hold their commissions from the King of the United Kingdom, King. Although warships were used by Kingdom ...

warships and dozens of other vessels. The British fleet included 26

ironclad An ironclad was a steam engine, steam-propelled warship protected by iron armour, steel or iron armor constructed from 1859 to the early 1890s. The ironclad was developed as a result of the vulnerability of wooden warships to explosive or ince ...

s, 14

cruiser A cruiser is a type of warship. Modern cruisers are generally the largest ships in a fleet after aircraft carriers and amphibious assault ships, and can usually perform several operational roles from search-and-destroy to ocean escort to sea ...

s, 31

gunboat A gunboat is a naval watercraft designed for the express purpose of carrying one or more guns to bombard coastal targets, as opposed to those military craft designed for naval warfare, or for ferrying troops or supplies. History Pre-steam ...

s and 38

torpedo boat A torpedo boat is a relatively small and fast naval ship designed to carry torpedoes into battle. The first designs were steam-powered craft dedicated to ramming enemy ships with explosive spar torpedoes. Later evolutions launched variants of ...

s; between them these ships carried 442 guns and were manned by 16,136 officers and

rating A rating is an evaluation or assessment of something, in terms of a metric (e.g. quality, quantity, a combination of both,...). Rating or rating system may also refer to: Business and economics * Credit rating, estimating the credit worthiness ...

s. Also present were several foreign warships, as well as

troopship A troopship (also troop ship or troop transport or trooper) is a ship used to carry soldiers, either in peacetime or wartime. Troopships were often drafted from commercial shipping fleets, and were unable to land troops directly on shore, typic ...

s, large merchant ships, yachts and numerous small craft filled with spectators. The Queen and other important guests passed along the lines of anchored ships in a flotilla led by the royal yacht, . That night, the ships were illuminated by their searchlights. A report for the

United States Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare, maritime military branch, service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is the world's most powerful navy with the largest Displacement (ship), displacement, at 4.5 millio ...

described the review as "the most imposing ever seen afloat".

Other events

At the Jubilee, the Queen engaged two Indian Muslims as waiters; Mohammed Buksh and Abdul Karim. A commemorative bust of Victoria was commissioned from the sculptor

Francis John Williamson Francis John Williamson (17 July 1833 – 12 March 1920) was a British portrait sculptor, reputed to have been Queen Victoria's favourite. Career After studying under John Bell he was an articled pupil of John Henry Foley for seven years, ...

. Many copies were made, and distributed throughout the

British Empire The British Empire comprised the dominions, Crown colony, colonies, protectorates, League of Nations mandate, mandates, and other Dependent territory, territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It bega ...

. A special Golden Jubilee Medal was instituted and awarded to participants of the jubilee celebrations. Writer and geographer

John Francon Williams John Francon Williams (1854 – 4 September 1911) was a British writer, geographer, historian, journalist, cartographer, and inventor, born in Llanllechid, Caernarvonshire. His seminal work was ''The Geography of the Oceans''. Family John Fra ...

published ''The Jubilee Atlas of the British Empire'' especially to commemorate Victoria's Jubilee and her Jubilee year. Many British towns and cities commissioned new monuments, public clocks or buildings to mark the event, including Queen's Arcade in

Leeds Leeds is a city in West Yorkshire, England. It is the largest settlement in Yorkshire and the administrative centre of the City of Leeds Metropolitan Borough, which is the second most populous district in the United Kingdom. It is built aro ...

, the Jubilee Memorial, Harrogate, the Jubilee Clock Tower, Weymouth, the Jubilee Clock Tower, Brighton and the

Clock Tower, Crewe The Clock Tower stands near the north entrance to Queen's Park, Crewe, in Cheshire, England. The park was given to the residents of the town by the London and North Western Railway Company, and the clock tower was paid for by its employees. I ...

. On 20 September 1889, using £70,000 raised to mark her Golden Jubilee, Queen Victoria issued a Royal Charter and the Queen Victoria's Jubilee Institute for Nurses was constituted.

Gallery

Queen Victoria Jubilee.jpg, A card for the Queen's Golden Jubilee, 1887 Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee procession.jpg, Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee procession in Lower Regent Street, 1887 File:John Charlton (1849-1917) - Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee, 21 June 1887, The Royal Procession Passing Trafalgar Square - RCIN 405285 - Royal Collection.jpg, ''Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee, 21 June 1887; The Royal Procession Passing Trafalgar Square'' by John Charlton Jubilee dates, Tower of Victoria Building, Liverpool.jpg, The Tower of the

Victoria Building, University of Liverpool The Victoria Building of the University of Liverpool, is on the corner of Brownlow Hill and Ashton Street, Liverpool, Merseyside, England (). It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building ...

commemorates the Golden Jubilee, with terracotta dates Great Malvern Priory Window n10 (41997962820).jpg, Great Malvern Priory window, commemorating the Jubilee, designed by Thomas Camm and made under the auspices of R. W. Winfield & Co The Jubilee Atlas of the British Empire by J. Francon Williams.jpg, The Jubilee Atlas of the British Empire by

Ten years Empress and fifty years a Queen (BM 1902,1011.8718).jpg, ''Ten years Empress and fifty years a Queen'' published to mark the Queen's Golden Jubilee, 1887 Blue plaque, Queen's Arcade, Leeds (1st June 2018).jpg, Queen's Arcade was named in honour of Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee Jubilee bust of Queen Victoria. Francis John Williamson, 1887. Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, Glasgow, UK.jpg, Jubilee bust of Queen Victoria by Francis John Williamson, 1887 Harlesden High Street - geograph.org.uk - 1160179.jpg, The Golden Jubilee Clock in

Harlesden Harlesden is a district in the London Borough of Brent, north-west London. Located north of the Grand Union Canal and Wormwood Scrubs, the Harrow Road flows through the centre of the area which goes eastwards to Central London and west towar ...

, Greater London Summit of Creagan a' Chaise (722metres) - geograph.org.uk - 976704.jpg, Jubilee

cairn A cairn is a human-made pile (or stack) of stones raised for a purpose, usually as a marker or as a burial mound. The word ''cairn'' comes from the (plural ). Cairns have been and are used for a broad variety of purposes. In prehistory, t ...

on the summit of Creagan a' Chaise, Moray, Scotland O'Hea Rejoice oh greatly.jpg, A political cartoon by Irish cartoonist John Fergus O'Hea criticising Victoria for celebrating the Jubilee while failing to address issues such as

eviction Eviction is the removal of a Tenement (law), tenant from leasehold estate, rental property by the landlord. In some jurisdictions it may also involve the removal of persons from premises that were foreclosure, foreclosed by a mortgagee (often ...

s and general poverty in

Ireland Ireland (, ; ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe. Geopolitically, the island is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially Names of the Irish state, named Irelan ...

Royal guests at the Jubilee celebrations

British royal family

* The Queen ** The German Crown Princess and

Crown Prince A crown prince or hereditary prince is the heir apparent to the throne in a royal or imperial monarchy. The female form of the title, crown princess, is held by a woman who is heir apparent or is married to the heir apparent. ''Crown prince ...

, ''the Queen's daughter and son-in-law'' (representing the

German Emperor The German Emperor (, ) was the official title of the head of state and Hereditary monarchy, hereditary ruler of the German Empire. A specifically chosen term, it was introduced with the 1 January 1871 constitution and lasted until the abdicati ...

) ***

Prince A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The ...

and Princess Wilhelm of Prussia, ''the Queen's grandson and granddaughter-in-law'' *** The Hereditary Princess and Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Meiningen, ''the Queen's granddaughter and grandson-in-law'' (representing the

Duke of Saxe-Meiningen Saxe-Meiningen ( ; ) was one of the Saxon duchies held by the Ernestine duchies, Ernestine line of the House of Wettin, located in the southwest of the present-day Germany, German state of Thuringia. Established in 1681, by partition of the Ern ...

) **** Princess Feodora of Saxe-Meiningen, ''the Queen's great-granddaughter'' *** Prince Henry of Prussia, ''the Queen's grandson'' *** Princess Viktoria of Prussia, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' *** Princess Sophia of Prussia, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' *** Princess Margaret of Prussia, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' **

The Prince ''The Prince'' ( ; ) is a 16th-century political treatise written by the Italian diplomat, philosopher, and Political philosophy, political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli in the form of a realistic instruction guide for new Prince#Prince as gener ...

and

Princess of Wales Princess of Wales (; ) is a title used since the 14th century by the wife of the Prince of Wales. The Princess is the apparent future queen consort, as "Prince of Wales" is a title reserved by custom for the heir apparent to the Monarchy of the ...

, ''the Queen's son and daughter-in-law'' *** Prince Albert Victor of Wales, ''the Queen's grandson'' ***

Prince George of Wales Prince George of Wales (George Alexander Louis; born 22 July 2013) is a member of the British royal family. He is the eldest child of William, Prince of Wales, and Catherine, Princess of Wales. George is the eldest grandchild of King Charl ...

, ''the Queen's grandson'' *** Princess Louise of Wales, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' *** Princess Victoria of Wales, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' *** Princess Maud of Wales, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' ** The Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, ''the Queen's son-in-law'' ***

Princess Princess is a title used by a female member of a regnant monarch's family or by a female ruler of a principality. The male equivalent is a prince (from Latin '' princeps'', meaning principal citizen). Most often, the term has been used for ...

and Prince Louis of Battenberg, ''the Queen's granddaughter and grandson-in-law'' *** Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna and Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, ''the Queen's granddaughter and grandson-in-law'' (representing the

Emperor of Russia The emperor and autocrat of all Russia (, ), also translated as emperor and autocrat of all the Russias, was the official title of the List of Russian monarchs, Russian monarch from 1721 to 1917. The title originated in connection with Russia's ...

) *** Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' *** The Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, ''the Queen's grandson'' *** Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' ** The Duke and

Duchess of Edinburgh Duchess of Edinburgh is the principal Courtesy titles in the United Kingdom, courtesy title held by the wife of the Duke of Edinburgh. There have been five Duchesses of Edinburgh since the title's creation. Following the accession of Charles I ...

, ''the Queen's son and daughter-in-law'' *** Prince Alfred of Edinburgh, ''the Queen's grandson'' *** Princess Marie of Edinburgh, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' *** Princess Victoria Melita of Edinburgh, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' *** Princess Alexandra of Edinburgh, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' **

and Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein, ''the Queen's daughter and son-in-law'' *** Prince Christian Victor of Schleswig-Holstein, ''the Queen's grandson'' *** Prince Albert of Schleswig-Holstein, ''the Queen's grandson'' ***

Princess Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein Princess Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein (Victoria Louise Sophia Augusta Amelia Helena; 3 May 1870 – 13 March 1948), informally known by her family as ''Thora'', was a granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. From July 1917 ...

, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' *** Princess Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' ** The Princess Louise, Marchioness of Lorne and Marquess of Lorne, ''the Queen's daughter and son-in-law'' ** The Duke and Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn, ''the Queen's son and daughter-in-law'' ***

Princess Margaret of Connaught Princess Margaret of Connaught (Margaret Victoria Charlotte Augusta Norah; 15 January 1882 – 1 May 1920) was Crown Princess of Sweden as the first wife of the future King Gustaf VI Adolf. She was the elder daughter of Prince Arthur, Duke of C ...

, ''the Queen's granddaughter'' *** Prince Arthur of Connaught, ''the Queen's grandson'' ** The Duchess of Albany, ''the Queen's daughter-in-law'' **

and Prince Henry of Battenberg, ''the Queen's daughter and son-in-law'' *** Prince Alexander of Battenberg, ''the Queen's grandson'' ''Other descendants of the Queen's paternal grandfather, King

George III George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland, Ireland from 25 October 1760 until his death in 1820. The Acts of Union 1800 unified Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain and ...

and their families:'' * The Duke of Cambridge, ''the Queen's first cousin'' ** George FitzGeorge, ''the Queen's first cousin once removed'' ** Augustus FitzGeorge, ''the Queen's first cousin once removed'' * The Grand Duchess and Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, ''the Queen's first cousin and her husband'' ** The Hereditary Grand Duke and Hereditary Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, ''the Queen's first cousin once removed and his wife'' * The Duchess and

Duke of Teck Duke of Teck () is a title which was created twice in Germanic lands. It was first borne from 1187 to 1439 by the head of a cadet line of the Kingdom of Germany, German ducal House of Zähringen, known as the "first House of Teck". The seat of thi ...

, ''the Queen's first cousin and her husband'' ** Princess Victoria Mary of Teck, ''the Queen's first cousin once removed'' ** Prince Adolphus of Teck, ''the Queen's first cousin once removed'' ** Prince Francis of Teck, ''the Queen's first cousin once removed'' ** Prince Alexander of Teck, ''the Queen's first cousin once removed'' * Princess Frederica of Hanover and Baron Alphons von Pawel-Rammingen, ''the Queen's first cousin once removed and her husband'' * The Hon. Aubrey FitzClarence, ''the Queen's first cousin twice removed (and great-grandson of King

William IV William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 – 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death in 1837. The third son of George III, William succeeded hi ...

)''

Foreign royals

* Ernst, Prince of Leiningen and Marie, Princess of Leiningen, ''the Queen's half-nephew and half-niece-in-law'' ** Princess Alberta of Leiningen, ''the Queen's half-great-niece'' * Hermann, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, ''the Queen's half-nephew'' * Victor, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and Princess Victor of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, ''the Queen's half-nephew and half-niece-in-law'' ** Countess Feodora Gleichen, ''the Queen's half-great-niece'' ** Count Edward Gleichen, ''the Queen's half-great-nephew'' ** Countess Valda Gleichen, ''the Queen's half-great-niece'' *

Ernst, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen Ernst, Prince of Saxe-Meiningen (Ernst, Prinz von Sachsen-Meiningen; 27 September 1859 – 29 December 1941) was the head of the house of Saxe-Meiningen from 1928 until his death. Biography He was born in Meiningen, the eldest son of the heir appa ...

, ''the Queen's half-great-nephew'' *

Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Ernest II (; 21 June 181822 August 1893) was Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 29 January 1844 to his death in 1893. He was born in Coburg to Ernest III, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, and Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg. His father be ...

, ''the Queen's brother-in-law and first cousin'' *

Leopold II of Belgium Leopold II (9 April 1835 – 17 December 1909) was the second king of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909, and the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908. Born in Brussels as the second but eldest-surviving son of King Leo ...

and Marie Henriette, Queen of the Belgians, ''the Queen's first cousin and his wife'' ** Princess Louise of Belgium and Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, ''the Queen's first cousins once removed'' *

Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria (Rudolf Franz Karl Josef; 21 August 1858 – 30 January 1889) was the only son and third child of Franz Joseph I of Austria, Emperor Franz Joseph I and Empress Elisabeth of Austria. He was heir apparent to the imp ...

, ''husband of the Queen's first cousin once removed'' (representing the

Emperor of Austria The emperor of Austria (, ) was the ruler of the Austrian Empire and later the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The hereditary imperial title and office was proclaimed in 1804 by Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorr ...

) * Carlos, Prince Royal and Amélie, Princess Royal of Portugal, ''the Queen's first cousin twice removed and his wife'' (representing the

King of Portugal This is a list of Portuguese monarchs who ruled from the establishment of the Kingdom of Portugal, in 1139, to the deposition of the Portuguese monarchy and creation of the Portugal, Portuguese Republic with the 5 October 1910 revolution. Thro ...

) * Christian IX of Denmark, ''father of the Princess of Wales'' **

George I of Greece George I ( Greek: Γεώργιος Α΄, romanized: ''Geórgios I''; 24 December 1845 – 18 March 1913) was King of Greece from 30 March 1863 until his assassination on 18 March 1913. Originally a Danish prince, George was born in Copenhage ...

, ''brother of the Princess of Wales'' *** Constantine, Duke of Sparta, ''nephew of the Princess of Wales'' *** Prince George of Greece and Denmark, ''nephew of the Princess of Wales'' * Prince Ludwig of Baden, ''nephew of the German Crown Prince'' (representing the

Grand Duke of Baden The Grand Duchy of Baden () was a German polity on the east bank of the Rhine. It originally existed as a sovereign state from 1806 to 1871 and later as part of the German Empire until 1918. The duchy's 12th-century origins were as a margravi ...

) * Gustav, Crown Prince of Sweden and Norway, ''nephew-in-law of the German Crown Prince'' (representing the King of Sweden and Norway) *

Albert, King of Saxony Albert (23 April 1828 – 19 June 1902) was King of Saxony from 29 October 1873 until his death in 1902. He was the eldest son of Prince John (who succeeded his brother Frederick Augustus II on the Saxon throne as King John in 1854) b ...

* Amedeo, Duke of Aosta (representing the

King of Italy King is a royal title given to a male monarch. A king is an absolute monarch if he holds unrestricted governmental power or exercises full sovereignty over a nation. Conversely, he is a constitutional monarch if his power is restrained by ...

) * Infante Antonio and Infanta Eulalia of Spain (representing the Queen Regent of Spain) * Queen Kapiʻolani * Princess Liliʻuokalani (sister and heir apparent of King

Kalākaua Kalākaua (David Laʻamea Kamanakapuʻu Māhinulani Nālaʻiaʻehuokalani Lumialani Kalākaua; November 16, 1836 – January 20, 1891), was the last king and penultimate monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi, reigning from February 12, 1874, u ...

) * Prince Ludwig of Bavaria (representing the Prince Regent of Bavaria) * Charles Augustus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (representing the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach) *

and Princess Edward of Saxe-Weimar * Prince Hermann of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach *

Prince Komatsu Akihito was a Japanese career officer in the Imperial Japanese Army, who was a member of the Fushimi-no-miya, one of the ''shinnōke'' branches of the Imperial Household of Japan, Imperial Family of Japan, which were eligible to succeed to the Chrysant ...

(representing the

Emperor of Japan The emperor of Japan is the hereditary monarch and head of state of Japan. The emperor is defined by the Constitution of Japan as the symbol of the Japanese state and the unity of the Japanese people, his position deriving from "the will of ...

) * Prince Devawongse Varoprakar (representing the King of Siam) * Prince Abu 'n Nasr Mirza Hissam us Sultaneh of Persia (representing the Shah of Persia) * Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Anhalt (representing the Duke of Anhalt) * Nawab Sir Asman Jah representing Asaf Jah VI Mahboob Ali Khan, Nizam of Hyderabad and Berar. * Bhagvat Singh, Maharaja of Gondal * The Thakore Sahib of Liinri * The Thakore Sahib of Morvi * Nripendra Narayan, Maharaja of

Cooch Behar Cooch Behar (), also known as Koch Bihar, is a city in the Indian state of West Bengal and it stands on bank of the Torsa river. The city is the headquarters of the Cooch Behar district. During the British Raj, Cooch Behar was the seat of the ...

and Suniti Devi,Maharani of Cooch Behar * Lakshmeshwar Singh, The Maharajah of Darbhanga *

Khengarji III Maharajadhiraj Mirza (noble), Mirza Maharao Sir Khengarji III Sawai (title), Sawai Baghatur, Bahadur (23 August 1866 – 15 January 1942) was a progressive and List of longest-reigning monarchs, one of the longest ruling monarchs and also the l ...

, Maharaja of Kutch *

Shivajirao Holkar Maharajadhiraja Raj Rajeshwar Sawai Shri Sir Shivaji Rao Holkar Bahadur XII (Indore, 11 November 1859 – Maheshwar, 13 October 1908) was the Maharaja of Indore (Indore State, Holkar State) in Presidencies and provinces of British India, Britis ...

, Maharaja Holkar of

Indore Indore (; ISO 15919, ISO: , ) is the largest and most populous Cities in India, city in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The commercial capital of the state, it has been declared as the List of cleanest cities in India, cleanest city of In ...

Prince Philippe, Count of Paris Prince Philippe of Orléans, Count of Paris (Louis Philippe Albert; 24 August 1838 – 8 September 1894), was disputedly King of the French from 24 to 26 February 1848 as Louis Philippe II, although he was never officially proclaimed as such. ...

and Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans, Countess of Paris ** Prince Phillipe, Duke of Orléans ** Princess Hélène of Orléans * Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres ** Prince Henri of Orléans ** Princess Marguerite d'Orléans * Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale

Other notable guests

* Mildred Childe Lee

Notes

References

Bibliography

* * Hibbert, Christopher (2000) ''Queen Victoria: A Personal History'', London: HarperCollins, * St Aubyn, Giles (1991) ''Queen Victoria: A Portrait'', London: Sinclair-Stevenson, * * Waller, Maureen (2006) ''Sovereign Ladies: The Six Reigning Queens of England'', London: John Murray, * {{Authority control 1887 in Canada 1887 in the United Kingdom 1887 festivals Monarchy of Canada Queen Victoria Golden jubilees British royal jubilees June 1887 Leeds Blue Plaques