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Gerolamo Induno (13 December 1825 – 18 December 1890) was an Italian painter and soldier, best known for his military scenes. His older brother,
Domenico Domenico is an Italian given name for males and may refer to: People * Domenico Alfani, Italian painter * Domenico Allegri, Italian composer * Domenico Alvaro, Italian mobster * Domenico Ambrogi, Italian painter * Domenico Auria, Italian archit ...
, was also a well-known artist and they often worked together.


Biography

He was born in Milan, where his father was a chef and butler at the Milanese court. He took his first formal art lessons at the
Brera Academy The Accademia di Belle Arti di Brera ("academy of fine arts of Brera"), also known as the or Brera Academy, is a state-run tertiary public academy of fine arts in Milan, Italy. It shares its history, and its main building, with the Pinacoteca di ...
, where he studied with
Luigi Sabatelli Luigi Sabatelli (21 February 1772 – 29 January 1850) was an Italian painter of the Neoclassic period, active in Milan, Rome, and his native city of Florence. Biography He studied in his native city and in Rome. In 1803, with the reorganizatio ...
from 1839 to 1846.Biographical notes
from L'Unificazione (2011) @
Treccani The ''Enciclopedia Italiana di Scienze, Lettere e Arti'' ( Italian for "Italian Encyclopedia of Science, Letters, and Arts"), best known as ''Treccani'' for its developer Giovanni Treccani or ''Enciclopedia Italiana'', is an Italian-language ...
.
His first exhibit was in 1845; composed of portraits and a scene from '' The Betrothed'' by
Alessandro Manzoni Alessandro Francesco Tommaso Antonio Manzoni (, , ; 7 March 1785 – 22 May 1873) was an Italian poet, novelist and philosopher. He is famous for the novel '' The Betrothed'' (orig. it, I promessi sposi) (1827), generally ranked among the maste ...
(now lost). In 1848, he and Domenico were participants in the
Five Days of Milan The Five Days of Milan ( ) was an insurrection and a major event in the Revolutionary Year of 1848 that started the First Italian War of Independence. On 18 March, a rebellion arose in the city of Milan, and in five days of street fighting ...
and had to flee to avoid reprisals by the Austrian government. They spent two years in
Ticino Ticino (), sometimes Tessin (), officially the Republic and Canton of Ticino or less formally the Canton of Ticino,, informally ''Canton Ticino'' ; lmo, Canton Tesin ; german: Kanton Tessin ; french: Canton du Tessin ; rm, Chantun dal Tessin . ...
, then returned and settled in Florence. His brother went back to painting, but he enlisted in a volunteer regiment led by General Giacomo Medici and fought against the French during their siege of Rome. He also managed to produce numerous sketches of the war. While engaged in the defense of the , near
Porta San Pancrazio Porta San Pancrazio is one of the southern gates of the Aurelian walls in Rome, Italy. The gate houses the National Association of Garibaldi Veterans and Survivors along with the Garibaldi Museum (also dedicated to the Italian Partisan Division ...
, he was stabbed with several bayonets and seriously wounded while leading a charge. After a long recovery, he was able to return to Milan under the protection of Count Giulio Litta, a composer and avid art collector. Because of his injuries, he was exempt from being inducted into the Austrian army and went to work in his brother's studio. In the following years, he created many works based on the events of the
Risorgimento The unification of Italy ( it, Unità d'Italia ), also known as the ''Risorgimento'' (, ; ), was the 19th-century political and social movement that resulted in the consolidation of different states of the Italian Peninsula into a single ...
, as well as
genre Genre () is any form or type of communication in any mode (written, spoken, digital, artistic, etc.) with socially-agreed-upon conventions developed over time. In popular usage, it normally describes a category of literature, music, or other f ...
works, influenced by his brother. From 1854 to 1855, during the
Crimean War The Crimean War, , was fought from October 1853 to February 1856 between Russia and an ultimately victorious alliance of the Ottoman Empire, France, the United Kingdom and Piedmont-Sardinia. Geopolitical causes of the war included the ...
, he was back in uniform; this time with the
Bersaglieri The Bersaglieri, singular Bersagliere, (, "sharpshooter") are a troop of marksmen in the Italian Army's infantry corps. They were originally created by General Alessandro La Marmora on 18 June 1836 to serve in the Royal Sardinian Army, whi ...
of Alessandro La Marmora. Once again, he made numerous sketches that were turned into paintings and lithographs. These included a depiction of the
Battle of the Chernaya The Battle of the Chernaya (also Tchernaïa; Russian: Сражение у Черной речки, Сражение у реки Черной, literally: Battle of the Black River) was a battle by the Chyornaya River fought during the Crimea ...
that was purchased by King
Victor Emmanuel II en, Victor Emmanuel Maria Albert Eugene Ferdinand Thomas , house = Savoy , father = Charles Albert of Sardinia , mother = Maria Theresa of Austria , religion = Roman Catholicism , image_size = 252px , succession ...
. Some of his works were exhibited at the Exposition Universelle in Paris. In 1859, despite lingering health issues, he enlisted in the
Hunters of the Alps The Hunters of the Alps ( it, Cacciatori delle Alpi) were a military corps created by Giuseppe Garibaldi in Cuneo on 20 February 1859 to help the regular Sardinian army to free the northern part of Italy in the Second Italian War of Independe ...
and came to be recognized by
Garibaldi Giuseppe Maria Garibaldi ( , ;In his native Ligurian language, he is known as ''Gioxeppe Gaibado''. In his particular Niçard dialect of Ligurian, he was known as ''Jousé'' or ''Josep''. 4 July 1807 – 2 June 1882) was an Italian general, pat ...
as the official painter of the Risorgimento, especially on matters of an official character. His genre scenes became almost entirely devoted to military themes. During the 1860s, in addition to his patriotic canvases, he created some large decorative works; including an allegory on Rome and Florence for the new
Milano Centrale railway station Milano Centrale ( it, Stazione Milano Centrale) is the main railway station of the city of Milan, Italy, and is the largest railway station in Europe by volume. The station is a terminus and located at the northern end of central Milan. It was o ...
(now demolished), and a curtain depicting the " of Naples" for the theater in
Gallarate Gallarate (; Lombard: ''Galaraa'') is a city and '' comune'' of Alto Milanese of Lombardy and of Milan metropolitan area, northern Italy, in the Province of Varese. It has a population of some 54,000 people. It is the junction of railways t ...
. In 1861, he received a gold medal at an exhibition in Florence for his painting of the
Battle of Magenta The Battle of Magenta was fought on 4 June 1859 during the Second Italian War of Independence, resulting in a French-Sardinian victory under Napoleon III against the Austrians under Marshal Ferencz Gyulai. It took place near the town of Mage ...
, but gave it up in solidarity with the painters who had been overlooked. After unification had been achieved, his genre works tended to focus on scenes from the seventeenth century and he began to exhibit paintings on a wider variety of topics outside Italy, including Vienna (1873), Paris (1878), Antwerp (1885) and London (1888). His best-known work from this period is ''A Game of Chess'', a scene from a play of the same name by
Giuseppe Giacosa Giuseppe Giacosa (21 October 1847 – 1 September 1906) was an Italian poet, playwright and librettist. Life He was born in Colleretto Parella, now Colleretto Giacosa, near Turin. His father was a magistrate. Giuseppe went to the University of ...
. He died in Milan in 1890, after a long illness. Among his pupils was
Giacomo Mantegazza Giacomo Mantegazza (1851 – January 25, 1920) was an Italian painter, known for painting Genre and Orientalist themes. He was born in Saronno. He trained under Gerolamo Induno and Giuseppe Bertini. He was made an honorary member of the Brera Aca ...
.


Selected paintings

File:Napoléon III et l'Italie - Gerolamo Induno - La bataille de Magenta - 001.jpg, ''La battaglia di Magenta''
(''The Battle of Magenta''), 1861 File:The Injured Garibaldi in the Aspromonte Mountains (oil on canvas).jpg, The Wounded Garibaldi after
the
Battle of Aspromonte The Battle of Aspromonte, also known as the Day of Aspromonte ( it, Giornata dell'Aspromonte), was a minor engagement that took place on 29 August 1862, and was an inconclusive episode of the Italian unification process. It is named after the ne ...
. File:Gerolamo induno triste presentimento 1862.jpg, ''Triste Presentimento''
(''Doleful Premonition''), 1862 File:G.Induno-Chess.jpg, ''Una partita a scacchi''
(''A Game of Chess''), 1881 File:The Avalanche (1886) by Girolamo Induno.jpg, ''La Valanga
(''The Avalanche''), 1886


See also

* List of artworks by Gerolamo Induno (Niketto sr.)


References


Further reading

* Giuliano Matteucci (Ed.), ''Domenico e Gerolamo Induno: La storia e la cronoca scritte con il pennello'', Fondazione Cassa di risparmio di Tortona, 2006 * Giorgio Nicodemi, ''Domenico e Gerolamo Induno'', G.G. Gorlich, 1945 * Fernando Mazzocca (Ed.), ''Una raccolta di disegni di Gerolamo Induno. Episodi di vita risorgimentale'', (exhibition catalog), Gallerie Salamon Agustoni Algranti, Milan 1984


External links

* * Laura Casone
Gerolamo Induno
catalogo onlin
Artgate
della
Fondazione Cariplo Fondazione Cariplo is a charitable foundation in Milan, Italy. It was created in December 1991 when the Amato law, Law no. 218 of 30 July 1990, came into force. Under this law, saving banks were required to separate into a not-for-profit fou ...
, 2010
ArtNet: More works by Induno.

Archivio Induno
@ Studio Manusardi

@ Trombealvento. {{DEFAULTSORT:Induno, Gerolamo 19th-century Italian painters 19th-century Italian male artists Italian male painters Painters from Milan Brera Academy alumni 1825 births 1890 deaths Italian genre painters Military art History painters Italian unification