Laser gum depigmentation
Melanocytes are cells which reside in the basal layer of the gingival epithelium. These cells produce melanin, which are pigments that cause light or dark brown spots in gums and oral mucosa. The most common cause is genetic factors or tobacco smoking, Smoker's melanosis. If the melanin pigmentation is found in a person smoking cigarettes, the most effective way to get rid of the pigmentation is to stop smoking. Most of the patients are free from the melanin pigmentation after 3 months. A dental laser can target and ablate the melanocytes, thus reducing the production of melanin in the gingival tissue. Following laser depigmentation, the gingiva heals by secondary intention. This results in a lighter and more uniform color of the gums. A study found that (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser was effective and there were no signs of re-pigmentation after a 6-month follow up period.Chemical Depigmentation
Chemical depigmentation is a cosmetic dental procedure aimed at reducing or eliminating dark pigmentation. During this procedure, chemicals such as acids or peels are applied to the pigmented areas of the gums to break down and remove melanin deposits. However, this method is used less frequently today due to possible side effects and the availability of more modern and less invasive methods, such as laser therapy or surgical excision.Scalpel Gum Depigmentation
Scalpel gum depigmentation, or surgical gum depigmentation, is a cosmetic dental procedure. During the procedure, a periodontist or oral surgeon physically removes the pigmented layer of gum tissue with a scalpel, exposing the lighter tissue beneath it. This method is effective but may require a longer recovery period than non-surgical methods such as laser therapy. It is usually recommended in cases where laser therapy or chemical depigmentation may be unsuitable or impractical.See also
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