Green–Schwarz (GS) formalism (named after
Michael Green and
John H. Schwarz
John Henry Schwarz (; born November 22, 1941) is an American theoretical physicist. Along with Yoichiro Nambu, Holger Bech Nielsen, Joël Scherk, Gabriele Veneziano, Michael Green, and Leonard Susskind, he is regarded as one of the founders of ...
) is an attempt to introduce
fermions
In particle physics, a fermion is a particle that follows Fermi–Dirac statistics. Generally, it has a half-odd-integer spin: spin , spin , etc. In addition, these particles obey the Pauli exclusion principle. Fermions include all quarks and le ...
in
string theory. The theory is equivalent to
RNS formalism
Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz (RNS) formalism (named after Pierre Ramond, John H. Schwarz, and André Neveu) was an early attempt to introduce fermions through the means of supersymmetry into string theory. In this theory, worldsheet embedded in spac ...
which has been
GSO projected. This theory is very hard to quantize, being straightforward to quantize only in
light cone gauge
In theoretical physics, light cone gauge is an approach to remove the ambiguities arising from a gauge symmetry. While the term refers to several situations, a null component of a field ''A'' is set to zero (or a simple function of other variables) ...
. A covariant quantization of spinning string, maintaining space-time
supersymmetry
In a supersymmetric theory the equations for force and the equations for matter are identical. In theoretical and mathematical physics, any theory with this property has the principle of supersymmetry (SUSY). Dozens of supersymmetric theories e ...
manifest, is possible in a formalism inspired on the GS formalism, known as
pure spinor
In the domain of mathematics known as representation theory, pure spinors (or simple spinors) are spinors that are annihilated under the Clifford action by a maximal isotropic subspace of the space
V of vectors with respect to the scalar produc ...
formalism.
[N. Bekovits, "Super-Poincaré covariant quantization of the superstring." Journal of High Energy Physics 2000.04 (2000): 018.]
See also
*
Supersymmetry
In a supersymmetric theory the equations for force and the equations for matter are identical. In theoretical and mathematical physics, any theory with this property has the principle of supersymmetry (SUSY). Dozens of supersymmetric theories e ...
*
RNS formalism
Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz (RNS) formalism (named after Pierre Ramond, John H. Schwarz, and André Neveu) was an early attempt to introduce fermions through the means of supersymmetry into string theory. In this theory, worldsheet embedded in spac ...
Notes
category:string theory
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