Fredmund Malik
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Fredmund Malik (born September 1, 1944 in
Lustenau Lustenau (; gsw, Luschnou) is a town in the westernmost Austrian state of Vorarlberg in the district of Dornbirn. It lies on the river Rhine, which forms the border with Switzerland. Lustenau is Vorarlberg's fourth largest town. Geography Lust ...
,
Vorarlberg Vorarlberg ( , ; gsw, label= Vorarlbergisch, Vorarlbearg, , or ) is the westernmost state () of Austria. It has the second-smallest geographical area after Vienna and, although it also has the second-smallest population, it is the state with the ...
) is an Austrian economist with focus on management science and the founder and chairman of a management consultancy (Malik Management) in St. Gallen. Malik applies
systems theory Systems theory is the interdisciplinary study of systems, i.e. cohesive groups of interrelated, interdependent components that can be natural or human-made. Every system has causal boundaries, is influenced by its context, defined by its structu ...
and cybernetics to analyse and design management systems. From 1974 to 2004 he was teaching at the
University of St. Gallen A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ...
, where he is titular professor for general management, leadership and governance.


Biography

Malik studied economics, social sciences,
logic Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the science of deductively valid inferences or of logical truths. It is a formal science investigating how conclusions follow from premise ...
and
philosophy of science Philosophy of science is a branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science. The central questions of this study concern what qualifies as science, the reliability of scientific theories, and the ult ...
at the universities of Innsbruck and
St. Gallen , neighboring_municipalities = Eggersriet, Gaiserwald, Gossau, Herisau (AR), Mörschwil, Speicher (AR), Stein (AR), Teufen (AR), Untereggen, Wittenbach , twintowns = Liberec (Czech Republic) , website = ...
. In 1968 he enrolled at the University of Innsbruck and in 1970 he changed to the University of St. Gallen. He earned his doctoral degree in 1975 at the University of St. Gallen, where he habilitated in 1978 for managerial economics. From 1978 to 1986, he was associate professor for managerial economics at the University of St. Gallen. From 1979 to 1984 he was also member of the board of the School of Management at University of St. Gallen. For many years, he worked closely with Hans Ulrich, the founder of the St.Gallen Management Model. From 1981 to 1982 he was guest professor at the University of Innsbruck. In 1986 he was appointed titular professor at University of St. Gallen. From 1992 to 1997 he was guest professor at the
Vienna University of Economics and Business The Vienna University of Economics and Business (german: Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien, WU) is a public research university in Vienna, Austria, the largest university focusing on business, management and economics in Europe. It has been ranked a ...
. Since 1977 he is also chairman of the Management Zentrum St. Gallen.He is a member of the
European Academy of Sciences and Arts The European Academy of Sciences and Arts (EASA, la, Academia Scientiarum et Artium Europaea) is a transnational and interdisciplinary network, connecting about 2,000 recommended scientists and artists worldwide, including 37 Nobel Prize laur ...
and in 2009 he was awarded the
Austrian Decoration for Science and Art The Austrian Decoration for Science and Art (german: Österreichisches Ehrenzeichen für Wissenschaft und Kunst) is a state decoration of the Republic of Austria and forms part of the Austrian national honours system. History The "Austrian ...
. In January 2010 he received the Heinz-von-Foerster Price at the
University of Hagen The University of Hagen (german: link=no, FernUniversität in Hagen, informally often referred to as FU Hagen) is a public research university that is primarily focused on distance teaching. While its main campus is located in Hagen, North R ...
for organizations- cybernetics. On September 30, 2016 he was honored with the "People's Republic of China Friendship Award" by China's Prime Minister Li Keqiang. The Award is China's highest honor for foreign experts who contribute to China's economic and social development. Malik analyses complexity by applying
management cybernetics Management cybernetics is concerned with the application of cybernetics to management and organizations. "Management cybernetics" was first introduced by Stafford Beer in the late 1950s and introduces the various mechanisms of self-regulation appli ...
in an interdisciplinary combination of methods and on the basis of different
philosophies of science Philosophy of science is a branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science. The central questions of this study concern what qualifies as science, the reliability of scientific theories, and the ulti ...
. Malik is author of numerous writings on management theory, general management, strategy and human resource development. He is regarded as a generalist and besides his theoretical background, he gained practical experience as management consultant, management educator and entrepreneur, and as member and chairman of several supervisory bodies. In particular, he aims at effective management action and applies cybernetics to management practice. From his wholistic, system-oriented standpoint, he criticizes pure
shareholder value Shareholder value is a business term, sometimes phrased as shareholder value maximization. It became prominent during the 1980s and 1990s along with the management principle value-based management or "managing for value". Definition The term "shar ...
orientation and education programs in business administration that in his opinion mostly teach too limited views on economics and management. He argues that applying the laws, models and methods of
management cybernetics Management cybernetics is concerned with the application of cybernetics to management and organizations. "Management cybernetics" was first introduced by Stafford Beer in the late 1950s and introduces the various mechanisms of self-regulation appli ...
, enables an organization to function more effective- and efficiently. With this knowledge of cybernetics applied in any societal organization including the political sphere, he asserts that a “New World of Functioning” can be achieved that will benefit all society. From 1984 on Malik is an Austrian honorary consul in Switzerland for the cantons of Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden and
St. Gallen , neighboring_municipalities = Eggersriet, Gaiserwald, Gossau, Herisau (AR), Mörschwil, Speicher (AR), Stein (AR), Teufen (AR), Untereggen, Wittenbach , twintowns = Liberec (Czech Republic) , website = ...
.


Awards and Honorary positions

Malik is a jury member of the "Top 100" award for the most innovative companies of the German
Mittelstand commonly refers to a group of stable business enterprises in Germany, Austria and Switzerland that have proved successful in enduring economic change and turbulence. The term is difficult to translate and may cause confusion for non-Germans. It ...
. With practical and theoretical expert knowledge, he decides which company is awarded "Innovator of the Year". Malik is member of the
European Academy of Sciences and Arts The European Academy of Sciences and Arts (EASA, la, Academia Scientiarum et Artium Europaea) is a transnational and interdisciplinary network, connecting about 2,000 recommended scientists and artists worldwide, including 37 Nobel Prize laur ...
. He is member of the advisory board of the European Peter F. Drucker Society. Since 2009 he is recipient of the
Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art The Austrian Decoration for Science and Art (german: Österreichisches Ehrenzeichen für Wissenschaft und Kunst) is a state decoration of the Republic of Austria and forms part of the Austrian national honours system. History The "Austrian ...
. In January 2010 he was awarded the "
Heinz von Foerster Heinz von Foerster (German spelling: Heinz von Förster; November 13, 1911 – October 2, 2002) was an Austrian American scientist combining physics and philosophy, and widely attributed as the originator of Second-order cybernetics. He was twice ...
Prize" for organizational cybernetics at the
University of Hagen The University of Hagen (german: link=no, FernUniversität in Hagen, informally often referred to as FU Hagen) is a public research university that is primarily focused on distance teaching. While its main campus is located in Hagen, North R ...
. In September 2016 Malik received the " People's Republic of China Friendship Award" from the Central Government of China. It is the highest award the Chinese government grants to "foreign experts who have made outstanding contributions to the country's economic and social progress". In 2020 he was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the
Cybernetics Society The Cybernetics Society is a UK-based learned society that exists to promote the understanding of Cybernetics. The core activity of the Cybernetics Society is the organization and facilitation of scientific meetings, conferences, and social events ...
.


Selected works

*''Navigating into the Unknown: A new way for management, governance and leadership'', 2016, in English, Campus Verlag, Frankfurt/New York, *Series: ''Management: Mastering Complexity'': **Volume 1: ''Management: The essence of the craft'', 2010, in English, Campus Verlag, Frankfurt/New York, **Volume 2: ''Corporate Policy and Corporate Governance'', 2011, **Volume 3: ''Strategy: Navigating the Complexity of the New World'', 2016, *''Uncluttered Management Thinking: 46 Concepts for Masterful Management'', 2011, in English, * ''Managing Performing Living: Effective Management for a New Era'', 2015, in English, *''Effective Top Management: Beyond the Failure of Corporate Governance and Shareholder Value'', 2006, in English, *''The New Corporate Governance'', in German *''Systemic Management, Evolution, Self-organisation'', new edition 2009, in German, *''Strategy of the Management of Complex Systems'' (Habilitation), new edition 2008, in German, *''Management-Systems'', in German *''Danger of Crisis in the World Economy'', in German (with Daniel Stelter) *''Praxis of System-orientiented Management'', in German (Editor) *''Systemmethodoligy'', in German (Doctoral Dissertation, with Peter Gomez and Karl-Heinz Oeller) *''System-orientiented Management'', in German (Editor, with Bénédict Hentsch)


External links

*
Website of Fredmund Malik


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Malik, Fredmund 1944 births Living people People from Vorarlberg 20th-century Austrian economists Management scientists Systems scientists University of St. Gallen alumni Academic staff of the University of St. Gallen Members of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts Recipients of the Austrian Decoration for Science and Art