Fredmund Malik
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Fredmund Malik (born September 1, 1944 in
Lustenau Lustenau (; ) is a town in the westernmost Austrian States of Austria, state of Vorarlberg in the district of Dornbirn (district), Dornbirn. It lies on the river Rhine, which forms the border with Switzerland. Lustenau is Vorarlberg's fourth larg ...
, Tyrol-Vorarlberg) is an Austrian economist with focus on management science and the founder and chairman of a management consultancy (Malik Management) in St. Gallen. Malik applies
systems theory Systems theory is the Transdisciplinarity, transdisciplinary study of systems, i.e. cohesive groups of interrelated, interdependent components that can be natural or artificial. Every system has causal boundaries, is influenced by its context, de ...
and
cybernetics Cybernetics is the transdisciplinary study of circular causal processes such as feedback and recursion, where the effects of a system's actions (its outputs) return as inputs to that system, influencing subsequent action. It is concerned with ...
to analyse and design management systems. From 1974 to 2004 he was teaching at the University of St. Gallen, where he is titular professor for general management, leadership and governance.


Biography

Malik studied economics, social sciences,
logic Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the study of deductively valid inferences or logical truths. It examines how conclusions follow from premises based on the structure o ...
and
philosophy of science Philosophy of science is the branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science. Amongst its central questions are the difference between science and non-science, the reliability of scientific theories, ...
at the universities of
Innsbruck Innsbruck (; ) is the capital of Tyrol (federal state), Tyrol and the List of cities and towns in Austria, fifth-largest city in Austria. On the Inn (river), River Inn, at its junction with the Wipptal, Wipp Valley, which provides access to the ...
and St. Gallen. In 1968 he enrolled at the University of Innsbruck and in 1970 he changed to the University of St. Gallen. He earned his doctoral degree in 1975 at the University of St. Gallen, where he habilitated in 1978 for managerial economics. From 1978 to 1986, he was associate professor for managerial economics at the University of St. Gallen. From 1979 to 1984 he was also member of the board of the School of Management at University of St. Gallen. For many years, he worked closely with Hans Ulrich, the founder of the St. Gallen Management Model. From 1981 to 1982 he was guest professor at the University of Innsbruck. In 1986 he was appointed titular professor at University of St. Gallen. From 1992 to 1997 he was guest professor at the
Vienna University of Economics and Business The Vienna University of Economics and Business ( , WU) is a public research university in Vienna, Austria. The university received triple accreditation (AACSB, EQUIS and AMBA). History WU was founded on 1 October 1898 as '' k.u.k. Exportakade ...
. Since 1977 he is also chairman of the Management Zentrum St. Gallen.He is a member of the
European Academy of Sciences and Arts The European Academy of Sciences and Arts (EASA, ) is a transnational and interdisciplinary network, connecting about 2,000 recommended scientists and artists worldwide, including 38 Nobel Prize laureates. The European Academy of Sciences and ...
and in 2009 he was awarded the
Austrian Decoration for Science and Art The Austrian Decoration for Science and Art () is a state decoration of the Republic of Austria and forms part of the Orders, decorations, and medals of Austria, Austrian national honours system. History The "Austrian Decoration for Science a ...
. In January 2010 he received the Heinz-von-Foerster Price at the
University of Hagen The University of Hagen (, informally often referred to as FU Hagen) is a Public university, public research university that is primarily focused on distance education, distance teaching. While its main campus is located in Hagen, North Rhine- ...
for organizations- cybernetics. On September 30, 2016 he was honored with the "People's Republic of China Friendship Award" by China's Prime Minister
Li Keqiang Li Keqiang ( zh, s=李克强, p=Lǐ Kèqiáng; 3 July 1955 – 27 October 2023) was a Chinese economist and politician who served as the seventh premier of China from 2013 to 2023. He was also the second-ranked member of the Politburo Standing ...
. The Award is China's highest honor for foreign experts who contribute to China's economic and social development. Malik analyses complexity by applying
management cybernetics Management cybernetics is concerned with the application of cybernetics to management and organizations. "Management cybernetics" was first introduced by Stafford Beer in the late 1950s and introduces the various mechanisms of agency (philosophy) ...
in an interdisciplinary combination of methods and on the basis of different philosophies of science. Malik is author of numerous writings on management theory, general management, strategy and human resource development. He is regarded as a generalist and besides his theoretical background, he gained practical experience as management consultant, management educator and entrepreneur, and as member and chairman of several supervisory bodies. In particular, he aims at effective management action and applies cybernetics to management practice. From his wholistic, system-oriented standpoint, he criticizes pure
shareholder value Shareholder value is a business term, sometimes phrased as shareholder value maximization. The term expresses the idea that the primary goal for a business is to increase the wealth of its shareholders (owners) by paying dividends and/or causing th ...
orientation and education programs in business administration that in his opinion mostly teach too limited views on economics and management. He argues that applying the laws, models and methods of
management cybernetics Management cybernetics is concerned with the application of cybernetics to management and organizations. "Management cybernetics" was first introduced by Stafford Beer in the late 1950s and introduces the various mechanisms of agency (philosophy) ...
, enables an organization to function more effective- and efficiently. With this knowledge of cybernetics applied in any societal organization including the political sphere, he asserts that a “New World of Functioning” can be achieved that will benefit all society. From 1984 on Malik is an Austrian honorary consul in Switzerland for the cantons of
Appenzell Ausserrhoden Canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden ( ; ; ; ), in English sometimes Appenzell Outer Rhodes, is one of the Canton of Switzerland, 26 cantons forming the Switzerland, Swiss Confederation. It is composed of twenty municipalities. The seat of the gove ...
,
Appenzell Innerrhoden Canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden ( ; ; ; ), in English sometimes Appenzell Inner-Rhodes, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. It is composed of five districts. The seat of the government and parliament is Appenzell. It is ...
and St. Gallen.


Awards and Honorary positions

Malik is a jury member of the "Top 100" award for the most innovative companies of the German Mittelstand. With practical and theoretical expert knowledge, he decides which company is awarded "Innovator of the Year". Malik is member of the
European Academy of Sciences and Arts The European Academy of Sciences and Arts (EASA, ) is a transnational and interdisciplinary network, connecting about 2,000 recommended scientists and artists worldwide, including 38 Nobel Prize laureates. The European Academy of Sciences and ...
. He is member of the advisory board of the European Peter F. Drucker Society. Since 2009 he is recipient of the
Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art The Austrian Decoration for Science and Art () is a state decoration of the Republic of Austria and forms part of the Austrian national honours system. History The "Austrian Decoration for Science and Art" was established by the National Co ...
. In January 2010 he was awarded the " Heinz von Foerster Prize" for organizational cybernetics at the
University of Hagen The University of Hagen (, informally often referred to as FU Hagen) is a Public university, public research university that is primarily focused on distance education, distance teaching. While its main campus is located in Hagen, North Rhine- ...
. In September 2016 Malik received the " People's Republic of China Friendship Award" from the Central Government of China. It is the highest award the Chinese government grants to "foreign experts who have made outstanding contributions to the country's economic and social progress". In 2020 he was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the Cybernetics Society.


Selected works

*''Navigating into the Unknown: A new way for management, governance and leadership'', 2016, in English, Campus Verlag, Frankfurt/New York, *Series: ''Management: Mastering Complexity'': **Volume 1: ''Management: The essence of the craft'', 2010, in English, Campus Verlag, Frankfurt/New York, **Volume 2: ''Corporate Policy and Corporate Governance'', 2011, **Volume 3: ''Strategy: Navigating the Complexity of the New World'', 2016, *''Uncluttered Management Thinking: 46 Concepts for Masterful Management'', 2011, in English, * ''Managing Performing Living: Effective Management for a New Era'', 2015, in English, *''Effective Top Management: Beyond the Failure of Corporate Governance and Shareholder Value'', 2006, in English, *''The New Corporate Governance'', in German *''Systemic Management, Evolution, Self-organisation'', new edition 2009, in German, *''Strategy of the Management of Complex Systems'' (Habilitation), new edition 2008, in German, *''Management-Systems'', in German *''Danger of Crisis in the World Economy'', in German (with Daniel Stelter) *''Praxis of System-orientiented Management'', in German (Editor) *''Systemmethodoligy'', in German (Doctoral Dissertation, with Peter Gomez and Karl-Heinz Oeller) *''System-orientiented Management'', in German (Editor, with Bénédict Hentsch)


External links

*
Website of Fredmund Malik


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Malik, Fredmund 1944 births Living people People from Vorarlberg 20th-century Austrian economists Management scientists Systems scientists University of St. Gallen alumni Academic staff of the University of St. Gallen Members of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts Recipients of the Austrian Decoration for Science and Art