François Paul Anthoine (28 February 1860 – 25 December 1944) was a
French Army
History
Early history
The first permanent army, paid with regular wages, instead of feudal levies, was established under Charles VII of France, Charles VII in the 1420 to 1430s. The Kings of France needed reliable troops during and after the ...
general during the
First World War
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...
.
When the Great War began, Anthoine was
General Castelnau's Chief of Staff (
Second Army).
Anthoine played an important role in
Robert Nivelle
Robert Georges Nivelle (15 October 1856 – 22 March 1924) was a French artillery general officer who served in the Boxer Rebellion and the First World War. In May 1916, he succeeded Philippe Pétain as commander of the French Second Army in t ...
's
ill-fated campaign in spring 1917.
Anthoine was eventually promoted to command
French Fourth Army in March 1917 then
French First Army in June 1917. At the
Third Battle of Ypres
The Third Battle of Ypres (german: link=no, Dritte Flandernschlacht; french: link=no, Troisième Bataille des Flandres; nl, Derde Slag om Ieper), also known as the Battle of Passchendaele (), was a campaign of the First World War, fought by ...
in autumn 1917, Anthoine and the First Army participated in the attacks on the northern flank of the salient and guarded the
BEF's northern flank from enemy attack across the
Yser Canal
The Ieperlee (or ''Ypres-Ijzer Canal'') is a canalized river that rises in Heuvelland in the Belgian province of West Flanders and flows via the city of Ypres (Ieper) into the Yser at Fort Knokke.
The river is long. Its name is derived from ''i ...
.
Herbert Plumer
Field marshal (United Kingdom), Field Marshal Herbert Charles Onslow Plumer, 1st Viscount Plumer, (13 March 1857 – 16 July 1932) was a senior British Army officer of the First World War. After commanding V Corps (United Kingdom), V Corps at t ...
's Second Army was given a parallel task, attacking the southern flank of the salient and guarding the BEF's southern flank.
Anthoine then served as chief of staff to
Petain, French commander in chief, but was dismissed as he was thought “too pessimistic” after the near catastrophe of the
Third Battle of the Aisne
The Third Battle of the Aisne (french: 3e Bataille de l'Aisne) was a battle of the German spring offensive during World War I that focused on capturing the Chemin des Dames Ridge before the American Expeditionary Forces arrived completely in ...
in May 1918.
[Greenhalgh 2014, p.313]
After this disgrace, François Anthoine died many years later in 1944.
References
Further reading
* Evans, M. M. (2004). Battles of World War I. ''Select Editions''. .
*
External links
Colour picture of Gen. Anthoinefrom 1917
Biography of Gen. Anthoinein French
1860 births
1944 deaths
French generals
French military personnel of World War I
Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur
Grand Officers of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus
Grand Officers of the Order of the Crown (Belgium)
People of the Tonkin campaign
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)
Recipients of the Croix de guerre (Belgium)
{{France-mil-bio-stub