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Football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly ...
was one of the tournaments at the
1928 Summer Olympics The 1928 Summer Olympics ( nl, Olympische Zomerspelen 1928), officially known as the Games of the IX Olympiad ( nl, Spelen van de IXe Olympiade) and commonly known as Amsterdam 1928, was an international multi-sport event that was celebrated fro ...
. It was won by
Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...
against
Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest ...
, and was the last Olympic football tournament before the inception of the
FIFA World Cup The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the ' ( FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The tournament has ...
, which was held for the first time in 1930.


Venues


Background

Until 1928, the Olympic football tournament had represented the World Championship of football (the 1920 (14), 1924 (22) and 1928 tournaments (17) all had greater participation than that of the first World Cup in 1930). This presented a significant problem for the governing body,
FIFA FIFA (; stands for ''Fédération Internationale de Football Association'' (French), meaning International Association Football Federation ) is the international governing body of association football, beach football and futsal. It was found ...
, since the tournament, though organised and run by FIFA, was an event subject to the ethical foundation that underpinned the Olympic movement. At the time, all Olympic competitors had to maintain an amateur status, whereas professionalism was dominant in football. Increasingly, FIFA had sought to appease those nations that required concessions in order that players could participate in the Olympics. This required there to be an acceptance that irregular payment could be made to players by national associations: the so-called 'broken time payments' by which loss of pay and expenses would be met. On 17 February 1928, the four 'home' associations of the United Kingdom, voted unanimously to withdraw from FIFA in opposition to the manner in which the governing body was seeking to dictate on such matters and, as was noted 'that (the four Associations) be free to conduct their affairs in the way their long experience has shown them to be desirable'.
Henri Delaunay Henri Delaunay (15 June 1883 – 9 November 1955) was a French football administrator. Biography After playing for the Paris team Étoile des Deux Lacs, he became a referee. He retired following an incident during a match between AF Garenn ...
, President of the French Football Federation felt that FIFA needed to organise an international tournament outside of the Olympics. In 1926 he stated, at the FIFA Conference: 'Today international football can no longer be held within the confines of the Olympics; and many countries where professionalism is now recognised and organised cannot any longer be represented there by their best players'. The day before the tournament began, on 26 May 1928 the FIFA congress in
Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the capital and most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population of 907,976 within the city proper, 1,558,755 in the urban ar ...
presided over by Jules Rimet, voted that a new FIFA World Cup tournament be organised in 1930 and be open to all member nations. Italy, Sweden, the Netherlands, Spain and Uruguay would all lodge applications to host the event.


Participation

By 1926, three years had passed since the British Associations had asked
FIFA FIFA (; stands for ''Fédération Internationale de Football Association'' (French), meaning International Association Football Federation ) is the international governing body of association football, beach football and futsal. It was found ...
to accept their definition of what an amateur player was; FIFA had refused. The Rome Convention was called to try to coax the British and Danes back into the fold; it proved only to distance them.
Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...
, a nation that favoured broken time payments suggested: ''It is not allowed to pay compensation for broken time, except in some well-circumscribed cases, to be fixed by each National Association''. This challenge to the centralised authority of FIFA was disputed by the Football Association. In 1927 FIFA asked the Olympic committee to accept the concept of broken time payments as an overriding condition for the competing members. The British Associations consequently withdrew from the Olympiad and a few months later withdrew from FIFA (''Association Football'' (1960)) Uruguay were considered to be the strongest side with the Argentinians shading the advantage between the two. Upon returning home in 1924 Uruguay had ceded to a request to play a disbelieving Argentina in a two staged contest; Argentinian fans hurling missiles at Jose Leandro Andrade to the extent that he had with adopt a position deep in-field. The Argentinians won. Uruguay, the defending Olympic champions, once again sent a side made up, predominantly, by the personnel of their two biggest clubs: Nacional and, to a lesser degree, Peñarol.


The Europeans

The competition was more competitive than the 1924 edition. Ten European nations (17 in all) had made the journey to the Netherlands for the competition. The Italians had been defeated only twice in three years. The Italian coach,
Augusto Rangone Augusto is an Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish given name or surname. Notable people with the name include: * Augusto Aníbal * Augusto dos Anjos * Augusto Arbizo * Augusto Barbera (born 1938), Italian law professor, politician and judge * Augusto ...
, had been a beneficiary of the national federation's decision in 1923 to permit subsidies to cover player's lost wages. For two years his forward line had remained comparatively the same:
Adolfo Baloncieri Adolfo Baloncieri (; 27 July 1897 – 23 July 1986) was an Italian football manager and former player who played as a midfielder. Critically regarded as one of the greatest footballers of all time, Gianni Brera considered him one of the greate ...
,
Virgilio Levratto Virgilio Felice Levratto (; 26 October 1904 – 18 September 1968) was an Italian association football player and later a coach, who played as a striker. Club career Levratto was born in Carcare. Throughout his club career, he played for F.C. ...
; even the loss of the Argentinian-Italian Julio Libonatti before the tournament was made good by the inclusion of
Angelo Schiavio Angelo Schiavio (; 15 October 1905 – 17 September 1990) was an Italian footballer who played as a forward. Schiavio spent his entire career with Bologna, the club of the city where he was born and died; he won four league titles with the clu ...
.
Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = '' Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , ...
had been defeated once since the last Olympic Games. After the first game, however, they lost their experienced captain Pedro Vallana.


Final tournament

Uruguay immediately dispatched the hosts, the Netherlands, 2–0 in front of 40,000 people with none of the controversy that had surrounded their previous encounter at the
1924 Summer Olympics The 1924 Summer Olympics (french: Jeux olympiques d'été de 1924), officially the Games of the VIII Olympiad (french: Jeux de la VIIIe olympiade) and also known as Paris 1924, were an international multi-sport event held in Paris, France. The o ...
. The game was controlled by
Jean Langenus John Langenus (9 December 1891, in Antwerp, BelgiumP ...
, a performance which was recognised. Meanwhile, the Argentinians had little difficulty against the United States winning 11–2. Elsewhere Germany were defeated by the Uruguayans 4–1. In another quarter-final the Italians encountered Spain. In the first game they reached a tie with the Spanish fighting back from a half time deficit to force a replay. In the replay three days later the Azzurri scored four without response before the break. Rangone kept faith in a largely unchanged team. Spain, on the other hand, had gambled by making five changes to Italy's two. Portugal, after wins over Chile (4–2) and Kingdom of SCS (2–1) lost to
Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning the North Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via a land bridg ...
2–1. The African side advanced to a semi-final tie against
Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest ...
.


Bracket


Match details


Preliminary round


First round

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Quarter-finals

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Semifinals

This meant that in the semi-final Italy played Uruguay. The Italians selected Giampiero Combi in goal,
Angelo Schiavio Angelo Schiavio (; 15 October 1905 – 17 September 1990) was an Italian footballer who played as a forward. Schiavio spent his entire career with Bologna, the club of the city where he was born and died; he won four league titles with the clu ...
, in attack. Both would be crowned World champions at the 1934 FIFA World Cup. In this game the Uruguayans stormed to a convincing lead by the break; Levratto's goal in the second half flattered the Italians because Uruguay ran out comfortable winners by the odd goal in 5; José Pedro Cea,
Héctor Scarone José Juan Héctor Scarone Berreta (26 November 1898 – 4 April 1967) was a Uruguayan footballer who played as inside forward. Scarone was considered one of the best players in the world during his time,. being nicknamed ''El Mago'' ("the Magic ...
scoring for the Celestes.
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Bronze medal match


Gold medal match

In the final the Uruguayans played Argentina who had trounced Egypt (clearly out of their depth against more sophisticated opposition, they conceded 6 goals to Argentina and 11 to Italy in the bronze medal match). The final itself was a close-run affair. Both nations had been undefeated in competitive matches against other nations but had traded losses to each other since the last Olympic competition. The interest was immense. The Dutch had received 250,000 requests for tickets from all over Europe. Once again, there was little in it; the first game finished 1–1 and the tie went to a replay. Uruguay's Scarone converted the winner in the second half of that game.


Final

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Rematch


Consolation first round

The consolation tournament was ratified by FIFA but, as it was not organized by the Amsterdam Olympic organization, Olympic historians do not consider these matches to be part of the
1928 Summer Olympics The 1928 Summer Olympics ( nl, Olympische Zomerspelen 1928), officially known as the Games of the IX Olympiad ( nl, Spelen van de IXe Olympiade) and commonly known as Amsterdam 1928, was an international multi-sport event that was celebrated fro ...
. ----


Consolation final

* ''Note: The Netherlands wins after drawing of lots but the Cup was awarded to Chile''


Medalists


Goalscorers

;11 goals * Domingo Tarasconi (Argentina) ;6 goals * Manuel Ferreira (Argentina) *
Adolfo Baloncieri Adolfo Baloncieri (; 27 July 1897 – 23 July 1986) was an Italian football manager and former player who played as a midfielder. Critically regarded as one of the greatest footballers of all time, Gianni Brera considered him one of the greate ...
(Italy) ;4 goals * Roberto Cherro (Argentina) * Raymond Braine (Belgium) * Ali Mohamed Riad (Egypt) * El-Tetsh (Egypt) *
Richard Hofmann Richard Hofmann (8 February 1906 – 5 May 1983) was a German football player. He played in 25 internationals for Germany as a centre forward, scoring 24 goals, including the first ever international hat-trick against England by a player from o ...
(Germany) * Elvio Banchero (Italy) *
Virgilio Levratto Virgilio Felice Levratto (; 26 October 1904 – 18 September 1968) was an Italian association football player and later a coach, who played as a striker. Club career Levratto was born in Carcare. Throughout his club career, he played for F.C. ...
(Italy) * Mario Magnozzi (Italy) *
Angelo Schiavio Angelo Schiavio (; 15 October 1905 – 17 September 1990) was an Italian footballer who played as a forward. Schiavio spent his entire career with Bologna, the club of the city where he was born and died; he won four league titles with the clu ...
(Italy) * José Maria Yermo (Spain) * Pedro Petrone (Uruguay) ;3 goals *
Raimundo Orsi Raimundo Bibiani "Mumo" Orsi (2 December 1901 – 6 April 1986) was an Italian Argentine footballer who played as a winger or as a forward. At the international level he represented both Argentina and Italy, winning the 1927 Copa América and ...
(Argentina) * Jacques Moeschal (Belgium) * Guillermo Subiabre (Chile) * Vítor Silva (Portugal) *
Héctor Scarone José Juan Héctor Scarone Berreta (26 November 1898 – 4 April 1967) was a Uruguayan footballer who played as inside forward. Scarone was considered one of the best players in the world during his time,. being nicknamed ''El Mago'' ("the Magic ...
(Uruguay) ;2 goals * Juste Brouzes (France) * Leonardus Ghering (Netherlands) * Felix Smeets (Netherlands) * Pepe Soares (Portugal) *
Luis Regueiro Luis Regueiro Pagola ( 1 July 1908 – 6 December 1995), sometimes nicknamed ''Corso'', was a footballer, and an Olympian from the Basque Country in the north of Spain. Football career He began his career in 1924 playing for Real Unión in t ...
(Spain) ;1 goal * Luis Monti (Argentina) * Florimond Vanhalme (Belgium) * Louis Versyp (Belgium) * Oscar Alfaro (Chile) * Alejandro Carbonell (Chile) *
Manuel Bravo Paredes Manuel Bravo Paredes (February 17, 1897 – November 7, 1974) was a Chilean footballer who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics. During his career he played for Santiago Wanderers and the Chile national football team Chile, officially th ...
(Chile) * Guillermo Saavedra (Chile) * Moussa Hassan El-Ezam (Egypt) * Ali El-Hassany (Egypt) * Ismail El-Sayed Hooda (Egypt) * Gamil El-Zobeir (Egypt) * Robert Dauphin (France) * Josef Hornauer (Germany) * Fulvio Bernardini (Italy) * Enrico Rivolta (Italy) * Gino Rossetti (Italy) * Guillaume Schutz (Luxembourg) * Robert Theissen (Luxembourg) * Jean-Pierre Weisgerber (Luxembourg) * Juan Carreño (Mexico) * Ernesto Sota (Mexico) * Wim Tap (Netherlands) * Valdemar Mota (Portugal) * Augusto Silva (Portugal) * Martín Marculeta (Spain) * Ángel Mariscal (Spain) * Domingo Zaldúa (Spain) *
Bekir Refet Bekir Refet Teker (May 22, 1899 – April 5, 1977) was a Turkish footballer. He played as a striker for Fenerbahçe and the Turkey national football team. Like most little boys from Kadıköy his career started in the Fenerbahçe youth teams u ...
(Turkey) * Henry Carroll (United States) * Rudy Kuntner (United States) * Antonio Campolo (Uruguay) *
Héctor Castro Agustín Héctor Castro Rodríguez (29 November 1904 – 15 September 1960) was a Uruguayan football player and coach. He scored Uruguay's first ever goal in a World Cup against Peru at the inaugural FIFA World Cup in 1930 a tournament they wou ...
(Uruguay) *
Pedro Cea José Pedro Cea (1 September 1900 – 18 September 1970) was a Uruguayan football player as a striker and coach. Playing career Club career Cea was born in MontevideoMontevideo. At club level, he played for Nacional, where he won several Urug ...
(Uruguay) * Roberto Figueroa (Uruguay) *
Santos Urdinarán Santos "Vasquito" Urdinarán Barrena (30 March 1900 – 14 July 1979), known as ''El Vasquito'', was a footballer from Uruguay. He played for Nacional from 1919 to 1933 (318 matches and 124 goals), playing the position of right winger. He was ...
(Uruguay) *
Mirko Bonačić Mirko Bonačić (19 March 1903 – 18 October 1989) was a Croatian footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1928 Summer Olympics The 1928 Summer Olympics ( nl, Olympische Zomerspelen 1928), officially known as the Games of ...
(Kingdom of SCS)


References


External links


Olympic Football Tournament Amsterdam 1928
FIFA.com


Football Tournament Amsterdam 1928
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1928 Events January * January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly proving the existence of DNA. * January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris Bazhano ...
1928 Summer Olympics events
Olympics The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (french: link=no, Jeux olympiques) are the leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a vari ...
1928 Events January * January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly proving the existence of DNA. * January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris Bazhano ...