Events
Pre-1600
*
303
__NOTOC__
Year 303 ( CCCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. It was known in the Roman Empire as the Year of the Consulship of Diocletian and Maximian (or, less frequently, ye ...
–
Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in
Nicomedia
Nicomedia (; el, Νικομήδεια, ''Nikomedeia''; modern İzmit) was an ancient Greek city located in what is now Turkey. In 286, Nicomedia became the eastern and most senior capital city of the Roman Empire (chosen by the emperor Diocle ...
, beginning eight years of
Diocletianic Persecution
The Diocletianic or Great Persecution was the last and most severe persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire. In 303, the emperors Diocletian, Maximian, Galerius, and Constantius issued a series of edicts rescinding Christians' legal rig ...
.
*
532 –
Byzantine emperor
This is a list of the Byzantine emperors from the foundation of Constantinople in 330 AD, which marks the conventional start of the Eastern Roman Empire, to its fall to the Ottoman Empire in 1453 AD. Only the emperors who were recognized as ...
Justinian I
Justinian I (; la, Iustinianus, ; grc-gre, Ἰουστινιανός ; 48214 November 565), also known as Justinian the Great, was the Byzantine emperor from 527 to 565.
His reign is marked by the ambitious but only partly realized '' renov ...
lays the foundation stone of a new
Orthodox Christian basilica
In Ancient Roman architecture, a basilica is a large public building with multiple functions, typically built alongside the town's forum. The basilica was in the Latin West equivalent to a stoa in the Greek East. The building gave its nam ...
in
Constantinople
la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه
, alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya (Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis (" ...
– the
Hagia Sophia
Hagia Sophia ( 'Holy Wisdom'; ; ; ), officially the Hagia Sophia Grand Mosque ( tr, Ayasofya-i Kebir Cami-i Şerifi), is a mosque and major cultural and historical site in Istanbul, Turkey. The cathedral was originally built as a Greek Ortho ...
.
*
628
__NOTOC__
Year 628 ( DCXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 628 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
–
Khosrow II, last Sasanian shah of Iran, is overthrown.
*
705 – Empress
Wu Zetian abdicates the throne, restoring the
Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an Zhou dynasty (690–705), interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dyn ...
.
*
1455
Year 1455 ( MCDLV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
* January 8 – Pope Nicholas V publishes ''Romanus Pontifex'', an encyclical addr ...
– Traditionally the date of publication of the
Gutenberg Bible, the first
Western book
A book is a medium for recording information in the form of writing or images, typically composed of many pages (made of papyrus, parchment, vellum, or paper) bound together and protected by a cover. The technical term for this physical ...
printed with
movable type
Movable type (US English; moveable type in British English) is the system and technology of printing and typography that uses movable components to reproduce the elements of a document (usually individual alphanumeric characters or punctuation m ...
.
1601–1900
*
1763 –
Berbice slave uprising in
Guyana: The first major slave revolt in South America.
*
1778 –
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was a major war of the American Revolution. Widely considered as the war that secured the independence of t ...
:
Baron von Steuben
Friedrich Wilhelm August Heinrich Ferdinand von Steuben (born Friedrich Wilhelm Ludolf Gerhard Augustin Louis von Steuben; September 17, 1730 – November 28, 1794), also referred to as Baron von Steuben (), was a Prussian military officer who p ...
arrives at
Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, to help to train the
Continental Army.
*
1820 –
Cato Street Conspiracy: A plot to murder all the British cabinet ministers is exposed and the conspirators arrested.
*
1836 –
Texas Revolution: The
Siege of the Alamo (prelude to the
Battle of the Alamo) begins in
San Antonio, Texas
("Cradle of Freedom")
, image_map =
, mapsize = 220px
, map_caption = Interactive map of San Antonio
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name = United States
, subdivision_type1= State
, subdivision_name1 = Texas
, subdivision_ ...
.
*
1847 –
Mexican–American War
The Mexican–American War, also known in the United States as the Mexican War and in Mexico as the (''United States intervention in Mexico''), was an armed conflict between the United States and Mexico from 1846 to 1848. It followed the ...
:
Battle of Buena Vista: In Mexico, American troops under future president General
Zachary Taylor
Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850) was an American military leader who served as the 12th president of the United States from 1849 until his death in 1850. Taylor was a career officer in the United States Army, rising to th ...
defeat Mexican General
Antonio López de Santa Anna.
*
1854 – The official independence of the
Orange Free State
The Orange Free State ( nl, Oranje Vrijstaat; af, Oranje-Vrystaat;) was an independent Boer sovereign republic under British suzerainty in Southern Africa during the second half of the 19th century, which ceased to exist after it was defeat ...
is declared.
*
1861 – President-elect
Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln ( ; February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American lawyer, politician, and statesman who served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865. Lincoln led the nation throu ...
arrives secretly in Washington, D.C., after the thwarting of an alleged
assassination plot in
Baltimore
Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic, and the 30th most populous city in the United States with a population of 585,708 in 2020. Baltimore was ...
,
Maryland
Maryland ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It shares borders with Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean t ...
.
*
1870
Events
January–March
* January 1
** The first edition of ''The Northern Echo'' newspaper is published in Priestgate, Darlington, England.
** Plans for the Brooklyn Bridge are completed.
* January 3 – Construction of the Br ...
–
Reconstruction Era: Post-
U.S. Civil War
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states ...
military control of
Mississippi
Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Miss ...
ends and it is readmitted to the
Union.
*
1883
Events
January–March
* January 4 – ''Life'' magazine is founded in Los Angeles, California, United States.
* January 10 – A fire at the Newhall Hotel in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, kills 73 people.
* Janua ...
–
Alabama
(We dare defend our rights)
, anthem = " Alabama"
, image_map = Alabama in United States.svg
, seat = Montgomery
, LargestCity = Huntsville
, LargestCounty = Baldwin County
, LargestMetro = Greater Birmingham
, area_total_km2 = 135,7 ...
becomes the first
U.S. state to enact an
anti-trust law.
*
1885 –
Sino-French War: French Army gains an important victory in the
Battle of Đồng Đăng in the
Tonkin region of Vietnam.
*
1886 –
Charles Martin Hall produced the first samples of
aluminium
Aluminium (aluminum in American and Canadian English) is a chemical element with the symbol Al and atomic number 13. Aluminium has a density lower than those of other common metals, at approximately one third that of steel. It ha ...
from the electrolysis of aluminium oxide, after several years of intensive work. He was assisted in this project by his older sister,
Julia Brainerd Hall.
*
1887 – The
French Riviera is hit by a
large earthquake, killing around 2,000.
*
1898 –
Émile Zola is imprisoned in France after writing ''
J'Accuse…!'', a letter accusing the French government of
antisemitism
Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who holds such positions is called an antisemite. Antisemitism is considered to be a form of racism.
Antis ...
and wrongfully imprisoning
Captain Alfred Dreyfus.
*
1900 –
Second Boer War
The Second Boer War ( af, Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, , 11 October 189931 May 1902), also known as the Boer War, the Anglo–Boer War, or the South African War, was a conflict fought between the British Empire and the two Boer Republics (the So ...
: During the
Battle of the Tugela Heights
The Battle of Tugela (or Thukela) Heights, consisted of a series of military actions lasting from 14 February through to 27 February 1900 in which General Sir Redvers Buller's British army forced Louis Botha's Boer army to lift the Siege of Lad ...
, the first British attempt to take Hart's Hill fails.
1901–present
*
1903 –
Cuba
Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribb ...
leases
Guantánamo Bay to the United States "in perpetuity".
*
1905 – Chicago attorney
Paul Harris and three other businessmen meet for lunch to form the
Rotary Club, the world's first
service club
A service club or service organization is a voluntary nonprofit organization where members meet regularly to perform charitable works either by direct hands-on efforts or by raising money for other organizations. A service club is defined firs ...
.
*
1909 – The
AEA Silver Dart makes the first powered flight in Canada and the
British Empire
The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts e ...
.
*
1917 – First demonstrations in
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
, Russia. The beginning of the
February Revolution (March 8 in the
Gregorian calendar
The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It was introduced in October 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar. The principal change was to space leap years d ...
).
*
1927 – U.S. President
Calvin Coolidge signs a bill by
Congress
A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups. The term originated in Late Middle English to denote an encounter (meeting of ...
establishing the
Federal Radio Commission (later replaced by the
Federal Communications Commission
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is an independent agency of the United States federal government that regulates communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable across the United States. The FCC maintains jurisdicti ...
) which was to regulate the use of radio frequencies in the United States.
* 1927 – German
theoretical physicist Werner Heisenberg writes a letter to fellow physicist
Wolfgang Pauli, in which he describes his
uncertainty principle for the first time.
*
1934 –
Leopold III becomes King of
Belgium
Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to ...
.
*
1941 –
Plutonium
Plutonium is a radioactive chemical element with the symbol Pu and atomic number 94. It is an actinide metal of silvery-gray appearance that tarnishes when exposed to air, and forms a dull coating when oxidized. The element normally exh ...
is first produced and isolated by Dr.
Glenn T. Seaborg.
*
1942 –
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
:
Japanese submarines
fire artillery shells at the coastline near
Santa Barbara, California
Santa Barbara ( es, Santa Bárbara, meaning " Saint Barbara") is a coastal city in Santa Barbara County, California, of which it is also the county seat. Situated on a south-facing section of coastline, the longest such section on the West ...
.
*
1943 – The
Cavan Orphanage fire kills thirty-five girls and an elderly cook.
* 1943 –
Greek Resistance: The
United Panhellenic Organization of Youth is founded in Greece.
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in ...
– The
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
begins the
forced deportation of the
Chechen and
Ingush people from the
North Caucasus
The North Caucasus, ( ady, Темыр Къафкъас, Temır Qafqas; kbd, Ишхъэрэ Къаукъаз, İṩxhərə Qauqaz; ce, Къилбаседа Кавказ, Q̇ilbaseda Kavkaz; , os, Цӕгат Кавказ, Cægat Kavkaz, inh, ...
to Central Asia.
*
1945 – World War II: During the
Battle of Iwo Jima, a group of
United States Marine
The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through com ...
s reach the top of
Mount Suribachi
is a -high mountain on the southwest end of Iwo Jima in the northwest Pacific Ocean under the administration of Ogasawara Subprefecture, Tokyo Metropolis, Japan.
The mountain's name derives from its shape, resembling a ''suribachi'' or grindin ...
on the island and are
photographed raising the American flag.
* 1945 – World War II: The
11th Airborne Division
The 11th Airborne Division ("Arctic Angels") is a United States Army airborne formation, first activated on 25 February 1943, during World War II. Consisting of one parachute and two glider infantry regiments, with supporting troops, the di ...
, with
Filipino guerrillas, free all 2,147 captives of the
Los Baños internment camp, in what General Colin Powell later would refer to as "the textbook airborne operation for all ages and all armies."
* 1945 – World War II: The capital of the
Philippines
The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no),
* bik, Republika kan Filipinas
* ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas
* cbk, República de Filipinas
* hil, Republ ...
,
Manila
Manila ( , ; fil, Maynila, ), officially the City of Manila ( fil, Lungsod ng Maynila, ), is the capital of the Philippines, and its second-most populous city. It is highly urbanized and, as of 2019, was the world's most densely populated ...
, is liberated by combined Filipino and American forces.
* 1945 – World War II: Capitulation of
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ge ...
garrison in
Poznań. The city is liberated by
Soviet
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
and
Polish forces.
* 1945 – World War II: The German town of
Pforzheim is
annihilated in a raid by 379 British bombers.
*
1947 –
International Organization for Standardization
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO ) is an international standard development organization composed of representatives from the national standards organizations of member countries. Membership requirements are given in A ...
is founded.
*
1954 – The first mass inoculation of children against
polio
Poliomyelitis, commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. Approximately 70% of cases are asymptomatic; mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion of cases more severe sy ...
with the
Salk vaccine begins in
Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh ( ) is a city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States, and the county seat of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, Allegheny County. It is the most populous city in both Allegheny County and Wester ...
.
*
1958
Events
January
* January 1 – The European Economic Community (EEC) comes into being.
* January 3 – The West Indies Federation is formed.
* January 4
** Edmund Hillary's Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition completes the third ...
– Five-time Argentine
Formula One
Formula One (also known as Formula 1 or F1) is the highest class of international racing for open-wheel single-seater formula racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The World Drivers' Championship, ...
champion
A champion (from the late Latin ''campio'') is the victor in a challenge, contest or competition. There can be a territorial pyramid of championships, e.g. local, regional / provincial, state, national, continental and world championships, a ...
Juan Manuel Fangio is kidnapped by rebels involved in the
Cuban Revolution, on the eve of the
Cuban Grand Prix
The Cuban Grand Prix, also known as the Havana Grand Prix, was a sports car motor race held for a brief period in the late 1950s in Havana, Cuba, last raced in 1960. The 1958 race is best remembered as the backdrop to the kidnapping of Formula ...
. He was released the following day after the race.
*
1966 – In
Syria
Syria ( ar, سُورِيَا or سُورِيَة, translit=Sūriyā), officially the Syrian Arab Republic ( ar, الجمهورية العربية السورية, al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a Western Asian country loc ...
,
Ba'ath Party member
Salah Jadid leads an intra-party military
coup that replaces the previous government of General
Amin al-Hafiz, also a Baathist.
*
1971 *
The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses ( February 25, July 22 and August 20) and two total lunar eclipses ( February 10, and August 6).
The world population increased by 2.1% this year, the highest increase in history.
Events
J ...
–
Operation Lam Son 719: South Vietnamese General
Do Cao Tri was killed in a helicopter crash en route to taking control of the faltering campaign.
*
1974 – The
Symbionese Liberation Army demands $4 million more to release kidnap victim
Patty Hearst.
*
1980
Events January
* January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission.
* January 6 – Global Positioning System time epoch begins at 00:00 UTC.
* January 9 – In ...
–
Iran hostage crisis:
Supreme Leader Ayatollah
Ayatollah ( ; fa, آیتالله, āyatollāh) is an honorific title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy in Iran and Iraq that came into widespread usage in the 20th century.
Etymology
The title is originally derived from Arabic word ...
Ruhollah Khomeini states that Iran's parliament will decide the fate of the American embassy hostages.
*
1981 – In Spain,
Antonio Tejero attempts
a coup d'état by capturing the
Spanish Congress of Deputies.
*
1983 – The
United States Environmental Protection Agency
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is an independent executive agency of the United States federal government tasked with environmental protection matters. President Richard Nixon proposed the establishment of EPA on July 9, 1970; it ...
announces its intent to buy out and evacuate the
dioxin-contaminated community of
Times Beach, Missouri.
*
1987 –
Supernova 1987a
SN 1987A was a type II supernova in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a dwarf satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. It occurred approximately from Earth and was the closest observed supernova since Kepler's Supernova. 1987A's light reached Earth on Febr ...
is seen in the
Large Magellanic Cloud.
*
1988 – Saddam Hussein begins the
Anfal genocide
The Anfal campaign; ku, شاڵاوی ئەنفال or the Kurdish genocide was a counterinsurgency operation which was carried out by Ba'athist Iraq from February to September 1988, at the end of the Iran–Iraq War. The campaign targeted rur ...
against Kurds and Assyrians in northern Iraq.
*
1991 – In
Thailand
Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is b ...
, General
Sunthorn Kongsompong
Sunthorn Kongsompong ( th, สุนทร คงสมพงษ์, , ; 1 August 1931 – 2 August 1999) was the ''de facto'' head of government of Thailand from 1991 to 1992, after a military coup d'etat led by Sunthorn and General Suchinda Kr ...
leads a bloodless
coup d'état
A coup d'état (; French for 'stroke of state'), also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, politician, cult, rebel group, m ...
, deposing Prime Minister
Chatichai Choonhavan
Chatichai Choonhavan ( th, ชาติชาย ชุณหะวัณ, , ; 5 April 1920 – 6 May 1998) was a Thai army officer, diplomat and politician. From 1986 to 1991, he was the chairman of the Thai Nation Party and served as the Prim ...
.
*
1998 – In the United States,
tornadoes in central Florida destroy or damage 2,600 structures and kill 42 people.
*
1999
File:1999 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The funeral procession of King Hussein of Jordan in Amman; the 1999 İzmit earthquake kills over 17,000 people in Turkey; the Columbine High School massacre, one of the first major school shoot ...
–
Kurdish rebel leader
Abdullah Öcalan
Abdullah Öcalan ( ; ; born 4 April 1949), also known as Apo (short for Abdullah in Turkish and Kurdish for "uncle"), is a political prisoner and founding member of the militant Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK).
Öcalan was based in Syria from ...
is charged with
treason
Treason is the crime of attacking a state authority to which one owes allegiance. This typically includes acts such as participating in a war against one's native country, attempting to overthrow its government, spying on its military, its diplo ...
in
Ankara
Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, maki ...
, Turkey.
* 1999 – An
avalanche
An avalanche is a rapid flow of snow down a slope, such as a hill or mountain.
Avalanches can be set off spontaneously, by such factors as increased precipitation or snowpack weakening, or by external means such as humans, animals, and ea ...
buries the town of
Galtür
Galtür is a village and ski resort in the upper Paznaun valley in Austrian state of Tyrol located in the Central Eastern Alps 35 km southwest of Landeck near the border of Vorarlberg and Switzerland.
History
Galtür was settled by the ...
, Austria, killing 31.
*
2007 – A
train derails on an evening express service near
Grayrigg
Grayrigg is a small village and civil parish in the South Lakeland district of Cumbria, England. In the 2001 census the parish had a population of 223, increasing at the 2011 census to 242. It lies on undulated and partly mountainous land, n ...
,
Cumbria
Cumbria ( ) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in North West England, bordering Scotland. The county and Cumbria County Council, its local government, came into existence in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972. ...
, England, killing one person and injuring 88. This results in hundreds of points being checked over the UK after a few similar accidents.
*
2008
File:2008 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Lehman Brothers went bankrupt following the Subprime mortgage crisis; Cyclone Nargis killed more than 138,000 in Myanmar; A scene from the opening ceremony of the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing; ...
– A
United States Air Force
The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part of the United States Army Si ...
B-2 Spirit
The Northrop (later Northrop Grumman) B-2 Spirit, also known as the Stealth Bomber, is an American heavy strategic bomber, featuring low-observable stealth technology designed to penetrate dense anti-aircraft defenses. A subsonic flying w ...
bomber
crashes on Guam, marking the first operational loss of a B-2.
*
2010 – Unknown criminals pour more than million liters of
diesel oil
Diesel fuel , also called diesel oil, is any liquid fuel specifically designed for use in a diesel engine, a type of internal combustion engine in which fuel ignition takes place without a spark as a result of compression of the inlet air an ...
and other
hydrocarbon
In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons are examples of group 14 hydrides. Hydrocarbons are generally colourless and hydrophobic, and their odors are usually weak or ...
s into the river
Lambro, in northern Italy, sparking an
environmental disaster.
*
2012 – A
series of attacks across
Iraq
Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
leave at least 83 killed and more than 250 injured.
*
2017 – The Turkish-backed
Free Syrian Army captures Al-Bab from
ISIL.
*
2019 –
Atlas Air Flight 3591, a
Boeing 767 freighter, crashes into
Trinity Bay near
Anahuac, Texas, killing all three people on board.
*
2020 –
Ahmaud Arbery, a 25-year-old African-American citizen, is shot and murdered by three white men after visiting a house under construction while jogging at a neighborhood in Satilla Shores near
Brunswick in
Glynn County, Georgia.
*
2021 –
Four simultaneous prison riots leave at least 62 people dead in
Ecuador
Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ' ...
.
Births
Pre-1600
*
1133 –
Al-Zafir, Fatimid caliph (d. 1154)
*
1417
Year 1417 ( MCDXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–December
* June 29 – An English fleet, led by the Earl of Huntingdon, defeats a fleet of Ge ...
–
Pope Paul II
Pope Paul II ( la, Paulus II; it, Paolo II; 23 February 1417 – 26 July 1471), born Pietro Barbo, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States
from 30 August 1464 to his death in July 1471. When his maternal uncle Eugene IV ...
(d. 1471)
* 1417 –
Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1479)
*
1443 –
Matthias Corvinus
Matthias Corvinus, also called Matthias I ( hu, Hunyadi Mátyás, ro, Matia/Matei Corvin, hr, Matija/Matijaš Korvin, sk, Matej Korvín, cz, Matyáš Korvín; ), was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1458 to 1490. After conducting several m ...
, Hungarian king (d. 1490)
*
1529
__NOTOC__
Year 1529 ( MDXXIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–June
* February 2 – The Örebro Synod provides the theological foundation of th ...
–
Onofrio Panvinio
The erudite Augustinian Onofrio Panvinio or Onuphrius Panvinius (23 February 1529 – 27 April 1568) was an Italian historian and antiquary, who was librarian to Cardinal Alessandro Farnese.
Life and work
Panvinio was born in Verona. At ...
, Italian historian (d. 1568)
*
1539
__NOTOC__
Year 1539 ( MDXXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–June
* January – Toungoo–Hanthawaddy War – Battle of Naungyo, Burm ...
–
Henry XI of Legnica, thrice Duke of Legnica (d. 1588)
* 1539 –
Salima Sultan Begum, Empress of the Mughal Empire (d. 1612)
*
1583
__NOTOC__
Events
January–June
* January 18 – François, Duke of Anjou, attacks Antwerp.
* February 4 – Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg, newly converted to Calvinism, formally marries Agnes von Mansfeld-Eisleben, a f ...
–
Jean-Baptiste Morin, French mathematician, astrologer, and astronomer (d. 1656)
*
1592 –
Balthazar Gerbier, Dutch painter (d. 1663)
1601–1900
*
1606 –
George Frederick of Nassau-Siegen
Prince George Frederick of Nassau-Siegen (23 February 1606 – 2 October 1674), german: Georg Friedrich Prinz von Nassau-Siegen, official titles: ''Prinz von Nassau, Graf zu Katzenelnbogen, Vianden und Diez, Herr zu Beilstein'', was a c ...
, officer in the Dutch Army (d. 1674)
*
1633 –
Samuel Pepys, English diarist and politician (d. 1703)
*
1646 –
Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Japanese shōgun (d. 1709)
*
1680 –
Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville, Canadian politician, 2nd
Colonial Governor of Louisiana (d. 1767)
*
1685 –
George Frideric Handel, German-English organist and composer (d. 1759)
*
1723 –
Richard Price, Welsh-English minister and philosopher (d. 1791)
*
1744 –
Mayer Amschel Rothschild
Mayer Amschel Rothschild (23 February 1744 – 19 September 1812; also spelled ''Anschel'') was a German-Jewish banker and the founder of the Rothschild banking dynasty. Referred to as a "founding father of international finance", Rothschild ...
, German banker and businessman (d. 1812)
*
1792 –
José Joaquín de Herrera, Mexican politician and general (d. 1854)
*
1805
After thirteen years the First French Empire abolished the French Republican Calendar in favour of the Gregorian calendar.
Events
January–March
* January 11 – The Michigan Territory is created.
* February 7 – King Anouvong become ...
–
Johan Jakob Nervander, Finnish poet, physicist and meteorologist (d. 1848)
*
1831 –
Hendrik Willem Mesdag
Hendrik Willem Mesdag (23 February 1831 – 10 July 1915) was a Dutch marine painter.
Biography
He was born in Groningen, the son of the banker Klaas Mesdag and his wife Johanna Wilhelmina van Giffen. Mesdag was encouraged by his father ...
, Dutch painter (d. 1915)
*
1842 –
Karl Robert Eduard von Hartmann
Karl Robert Eduard von Hartmann, was a German philosopher, independent scholar and author of '' Philosophy of the Unconscious'' (1869). His notable ideas include the theory of the Unconscious and a pessimistic interpretation of the "best of all ...
, German philosopher and author (d. 1906)
*
1850
Events
January–June
* April
** Pope Pius IX returns from exile to Rome.
** Stephen Foster's parlor ballad " Ah! May the Red Rose Live Alway" is published in the United States.
* April 4 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a city ...
–
César Ritz, Swiss businessman, founded
The Ritz Hotel, London and
Hôtel Ritz Paris (d. 1918)
*
1868 –
W. E. B. Du Bois
William Edward Burghardt Du Bois ( ; February 23, 1868 – August 27, 1963) was an American-Ghanaian sociologist, socialist, historian, and Pan-Africanist civil rights activist. Born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, Du Bois grew up i ...
, American sociologist, historian, and activist (d. 1963)
* 1868 –
Anna Hofman-Uddgren
Anna Maria Viktoria Hofman-Uddgren (23 February 18681 June 1947) ''née'' Hammarström; also known as ''Hoffman'' and ''Hofmann'', was a Swedish actress, cabaret singer, music hall and revue artist, theatre director, and film director. Until 201 ...
, Swedish actress, singer, and director (d. 1947)
*
1873 –
Liang Qichao, Chinese journalist, philosopher, and scholar (d. 1929)
*
1874
Events
January–March
* January 1 – New York City annexes The Bronx.
* January 2 – Ignacio María González becomes head of state of the Dominican Republic for the first time.
* January 3 – Third Carlist War &ndash ...
–
Konstantin Päts, Estonian lawyer and politician, 1st
President of Estonia (d. 1956)
*
1878 –
Kazimir Malevich, Ukrainian painter and theorist (d. 1935)
*
1883
Events
January–March
* January 4 – ''Life'' magazine is founded in Los Angeles, California, United States.
* January 10 – A fire at the Newhall Hotel in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, kills 73 people.
* Janua ...
–
Karl Jaspers
Karl Theodor Jaspers (, ; 23 February 1883 – 26 February 1969) was a German-Swiss psychiatrist and philosopher who had a strong influence on modern theology, psychiatry, and philosophy. After being trained in and practicing psychiatry, Jaspe ...
, German-Swiss psychiatrist and philosopher (d. 1969)
* 1883 –
Guy C. Wiggins, American painter (d. 1962)
*
1889 –
Musidora, French actress and director (d. 1957)
* 1889 –
Cyril Delevanti, English-American actor (d. 1975)
* 1889 –
Victor Fleming, American director, cinematographer, and producer (d. 1949)
* 1889 –
John Gilbert Winant, American captain, pilot, and politician, 60th
Governor of New Hampshire
The governor of New Hampshire is the head of government of New Hampshire.
The governor is elected during the biennial state general election in November of even-numbered years. New Hampshire is one of only two states, along with bordering ...
(d. 1947)
*
1892 –
Kathleen Harrison, English actress (d. 1995)
* 1892 –
Agnes Smedley
Agnes Smedley (February 23, 1892 – May 6, 1950) was an American journalist, writer, and activist who supported the Indian Independence Movement and the Chinese Communist Revolution. Raised in a poverty-stricken miner's family in Missouri and Co ...
, American journalist and writer (d. 1950)
*
1894 –
Harold Horder, Australian rugby league player and coach (d. 1978)
*
1899 –
Erich Kästner, German author and poet (d. 1974)
* 1899 –
Norman Taurog, American director and screenwriter (d. 1981)
1901–present
*
1904 –
Terence Fisher, English director and screenwriter (d. 1980)
* 1904 –
William L. Shirer, American journalist and historian (d. 1993)
*
1908 –
William McMahon, Australian lawyer and politician, 20th
Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1988)
*
1915 –
Jon Hall, American actor and director (d. 1979)
* 1915 –
Paul Tibbets, American general and pilot (d. 2007)
*
1919 –
Johnny Carey, Irish footballer and manager (d. 1995)
*
1920
Events January
* January 1
** Polish–Soviet War in 1920: The Russian Red Army increases its troops along the Polish border from 4 divisions to 20.
** Kauniainen, completely surrounded by the city of Espoo, secedes from Espoo as its own ma ...
–
Paul Gérin-Lajoie
Paul Gérin-Lajoie, (; February 23, 1920 – June 25, 2018) was a Canadians, Canadian lawyer, philanthropist, and a former member of the National Assembly of Quebec and Executive Council of Quebec, Cabinet Minister.
Early life
Born in Montr ...
, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 2018)
*
1923 –
Rafael Addiego Bruno, Uruguayan jurist and politician,
President of Uruguay (d. 2014)
* 1923 –
Harry Clarke
Henry Patrick Clarke (17 March 1889 – 6 January 1931) was an Irish stained-glass artist and book illustrator. Born in Dublin, he was a leading figure in the Irish Arts and Crafts Movement.
His work was influenced by both the Art Nouveau an ...
, English international footballer (d. 2000)
* 1923 –
Ioannis Grivas, Greek judge and politician, 176th
Prime Minister of Greece (d. 2016)
* 1923 –
Dante Lavelli, American football player (d. 2009)
* 1923 –
Clarence D. Lester, African-American fighter pilot (d.1986)
* 1923 –
Mary Francis Shura
Mary Francis Shura Craig, née Young (23 February 1923 in Pratt, Kansas – 12 January 1991 in Maywood, Illinois) was an American writer of over 50 novels from 1960 to 1990. She wrote children's adventures and young adult romances as Mary F ...
, American author (d. 1991)
*
1924
Events
January
* January 12 – Gopinath Saha shoots Ernest Day, whom he has mistaken for Sir Charles Tegart, the police commissioner of Calcutta, and is arrested soon after.
* January 20– 30 – Kuomintang in China hold ...
–
Allan McLeod Cormack
Allan MacLeod Cormack (February 23, 1924 – May 7, 1998) was a South African American physicist who won the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (along with Godfrey Hounsfield) for his work on X-ray computed tomography (CT).
Early life a ...
, South-African-American physicist and academic,
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...
laureate (d. 1998)
*
1925 –
Louis Stokes, American lawyer and politician (d. 2015)
*
1927 –
Régine Crespin, French soprano and actress (d. 2007)
* 1927 –
Jessica Huntley
Jessica Elleisse Huntley (née Carroll; 23 February 1927 – 13 October 2013) was an African-Guyanese-British woman, a political reformer, prominent race equality campaigner, the pioneering British publisher of black and Asian literature, and a ...
, Guyanese activist and publisher (d. 2013)
*
1928
Events January
* January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly proving the existence of DNA.
* January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris Bazhano ...
–
Hans Herrmann, German racing driver
* 1928 –
Vasily Lazarev
Vasily Grigoryevich Lazarev (russian: Васи́лий Григо́рьевич Ла́зарев; 23 February 1928 31 December 1990) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew on the Soyuz 12 spaceflight as well as the abortive Soyuz 18a launch on 5 April ...
, Russian colonel, physician, and astronaut (d. 1990)
*
1929 –
Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow (d. 2008)
* 1929 –
Elston Howard, American baseball player and coach (d. 1980)
*
1930 –
Paul West, English-American author, poet, and academic (d. 2015)
*
1931 –
Tom Wesselmann
Thomas K. Wesselmann (February 23, 1931 – December 17, 2004) was an American artist associated with the Pop Art movement who worked in painting, collage and sculpture.
Early years
Wesselmann was born in Cincinnati.
From 1949 to 1951 he atte ...
, American painter and sculptor (d. 2004)
*
1932
Events January
* January 4 – The British authorities in India arrest and intern Mahatma Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel.
* January 9 – Sakuradamon Incident: Korean nationalist Lee Bong-chang fails in his effort to assassinate Emperor Hir ...
–
Majel Barrett, American actress and producer (d. 2008)
*
1937 –
Tom Osborne, American football player, coach, and politician
*
1938 –
Sylvia Chase, American broadcast journalist (d. 2019)
* 1938 –
Paul Morrissey, American director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1938 –
Diane Varsi, American actress (d. 1992)
*
1940 –
Peter Fonda, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2019)
* 1940 –
Jackie Smith, American football player
*
1941 –
Ron Hunt, American baseball player
*
1943 –
Fred Biletnikoff
Frederick S. Biletnikoff (born February 23, 1943) is a former American football player and coach. He was a wide receiver for the Oakland Raiders in the American Football League (AFL) and National Football League (NFL) for fourteen seasons and ...
, American football player and coach
* 1943 –
Bobby Mitchell
Robert Cornelius Mitchell (June 6, 1935 – April 5, 2020) was an American professional football player who was a halfback and flanker in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cleveland Browns and the Washington Redskins. Mitchell becam ...
, American golfer (d. 2018)
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in ...
–
Bernard Cornwell, English author and educator
* 1944 –
Florian Fricke
Florian Fricke (23 February 1944 – 29 December 2001) was a German musician who started his professional career with electronic music using the Moog synthesizer within the krautrock group Popol Vuh. His music and that of the band however soon evo ...
, German keyboard player and composer (d. 2001)
* 1944 –
Johnny Winter, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2014)
*
1945 –
Allan Boesak, South African cleric and politician
*
1946 –
Rusty Young, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2021)
*
1947 –
Pia Kjærsgaard, Danish politician,
Speaker of the Danish Parliament
* 1947 –
Anton Mosimann, Swiss chef and author
*
1948 –
Bill Alexander, English director and producer
* 1948 –
Trevor Cherry
Trevor John Cherry (23 February 1948 – 29 April 2020) was an English footballer who notably captained both England and Leeds United. A defender, Cherry also played for Huddersfield Town and Bradford City, and managed the latter club.
...
, English footballer (d. 2020)
* 1948 –
Steve Priest, English singer-songwriter and bass player (d. 2020)
*
1949 –
César Aira, Argentinian author and translator
* 1949 –
Marc Garneau
Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau (born February 23, 1949) is a Canadian politician, retired Royal Canadian Navy officer and former astronaut who served as a Cabinet minister from 2015 to 2021. A member of the Liberal Party, Garneau was the m ...
, Canadian engineer, astronaut, and politician
*
1950 –
Rebecca Goldstein
Rebecca Newberger Goldstein (born February 23, 1950) is an American philosopher, novelist, and public intellectual. She has written ten books, both fiction and non-fiction. She holds a Ph.D. in philosophy of science from Princeton University, and ...
, American philosopher and author
* 1950 –
John Greaves
John Greaves (1602 – 8 October 1652) was an English mathematician, astronomer and antiquarian.
Educated at Balliol College, Oxford, he was elected a Fellow of Merton College in 1624. He studied Persian and Arabic, acquired a number of old b ...
, British bass guitarist and composer
*
1951 –
Eddie Dibbs, American tennis player
* 1951 –
Debbie Friedman
Deborah Lynn "Debbie" Friedman (February 23, 1951 – January 9, 2011)Horn, JordanaBeloved US Jewish songwriter, Debbie Friedman, dies ''The Jerusalem Post'', January 9, 2011Fox, MargalitDebbie Friedman, Singer of Jewish Music, Dies at 59 ''The ...
, American singer-songwriter of Jewish melodies (d. 2011)
* 1951 –
Ed "Too Tall" Jones, American football player and boxer
* 1951 –
Patricia Richardson, American actress
*
1952 –
Brad Whitford, American guitarist and songwriter
*
1953
Events
January
* January 6 – The Asian Socialist Conference opens in Rangoon, Burma.
* January 12 – Estonian émigrés found a government-in-exile in Oslo.
* January 14
** Marshal Josip Broz Tito is chosen President of Yugosl ...
–
Kenny Bee, Hong Kong singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
* 1953 –
Satoru Nakajima, Japanese racing driver
*
1954 –
Rajini Thiranagama, Sri Lankan physician and academic (d. 1989)
* 1954 –
Viktor Yushchenko, Ukrainian captain and politician, 3rd
President of Ukraine
The president of Ukraine ( uk, Президент України, Prezydent Ukrainy) is the head of state of Ukraine. The president represents the nation in international relations, administers the foreign political activity of the state, condu ...
*
1955
Events January
* January 3 – José Ramón Guizado becomes president of Panama.
* January 17 – , the first nuclear-powered submarine, puts to sea for the first time, from Groton, Connecticut.
* January 18– 20 – Battle of Yijiangs ...
–
Howard Jones, English singer-songwriter
* 1955 –
Flip Saunders
Philip Daniel "Flip" Saunders (February 23, 1955 – October 25, 2015) was an American basketball player and coach. During his career, he coached the La Crosse Catbirds, Minnesota Timberwolves, Detroit Pistons, and Washington Wizards.
High sch ...
, American basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
*
1956
Events
January
* January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan.
* January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, Ed McCully, Jim Elliot and Pete Fleming, are kille ...
–
Sandra Osborne
Sandra Currie Osborne (née Clark, born 23 February 1956) is a Scottish Labour politician, who was the Member of Parliament for Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock from the 2005 to 2015 general elections. She was first elected as MP for the Ayr constitue ...
, Scottish politician
*
1958
Events
January
* January 1 – The European Economic Community (EEC) comes into being.
* January 3 – The West Indies Federation is formed.
* January 4
** Edmund Hillary's Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition completes the third ...
–
David Sylvian, English singer-songwriter
*
1959 –
Clayton Anderson, American engineer and astronaut
* 1959 –
Nick de Bois
Geoffrey Nicholas de Bois (born 23 February 1959) is a British Conservative Party politician, who served as Special Adviser and Chief of Staff to Dominic Raab during his brief tenure as Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union. He was ...
, English politician
* 1959 –
Ian Liddell-Grainger, Scottish soldier and politician
* 1959 –
Linda Nolan
Linda Nolan (born 23 February 1959) is an Irish singer, actress and television personality. After moving with her family to Blackpool, at the age of three in 1962, she attained fame as a member of the girl group The Nolans in 1974, along with h ...
, Irish singer and actress
*
1960
It is also known as the "Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism.
Events
January
* Ja ...
–
Naruhito, Emperor of Japan
*
1962 –
Michael Wilton
Michael F. Wilton (born February 23, 1962) also known as The Whip, for how fast his fingers "whip" around the guitar fretboard, is an American musician, best known for being a guitarist and songwriter in the progressive metal band Queensrÿche, wh ...
, American guitarist
*
1963 –
Bobby Bonilla
Roberto Martin Antonio Bonilla (, born February 23, 1963) is an American former professional baseball third baseman and outfielder who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1986 to 2001.
Bonilla was one of the Major League's best batte ...
, American baseball player
* 1963 –
Radosław Sikorski, Polish journalist and politician, 11th
Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland
*
1964 –
John Norum, Norwegian guitarist and songwriter
*
1965
Events January–February
* January 14 – The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years.
* January 20
** Lyndon B. Johnson is sworn in for a full term ...
–
Michael Dell, American businessman
* 1965 –
Helena Suková, Czech-Monacan tennis player
*
1967 –
Steve Stricker, American golfer
* 1967 –
Chris Vrenna, American drummer, songwriter, and producer
*
1969
This year is notable for Apollo 11's first landing on the moon.
Events January
* January 4 – The Government of Spain hands over Ifni to Morocco.
* January 5
**Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 crashes into a house on its approach to ...
–
Michael Campbell
Michael Shane Campbell (born 23 February 1969) is a New Zealand professional golfer who is best known for having won the 2005 U.S. Open and, at the time, the richest prize in golf, the £1,000,000 HSBC World Match Play Championship, in the s ...
, New Zealand golfer
* 1969 –
Martine Croxall, English journalist and television news presenter
* 1969 –
Daymond John
Daymond Garfield John (born February 23, 1969) is an American businessman, investor, and television personality. He is best known as the founder, president, and chief executive officer of FUBU, and appears as an investor on the ABC reality te ...
, American fashion designer and businessman, founded
FUBU
FUBU (, ) is an American hip hop apparel company. FUBU stands for "For Us, By Us" and was created when the founders were brainstorming for a catchy four-letter word following other big brands such as Nike and Coke.Keith Perrin interviewed by Ian ...
*
1970 –
Niecy Nash, American actress and producer
*
1971 *
The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses ( February 25, July 22 and August 20) and two total lunar eclipses ( February 10, and August 6).
The world population increased by 2.1% this year, the highest increase in history.
Events
J ...
–
Carin Koch, Swedish golfer
* 1971 –
Melinda Messenger, English model and television host
* 1971 –
Joe-Max Moore
Joe-Max Moore (born February 23, 1971) is an American former soccer player. He played professionally for clubs in Germany, England and the United States. He finished his career with the New England Revolution of Major League Soccer. In additio ...
, American soccer player
*
1972 –
Alessandro Sturba
Alessandro Sturba (born 23 February 1972) is a former Italians, Italian association football, footballer.
Biography
Born in Rome, Sturba started his professional career at Hellas Verona F.C., Verona, northern Italy. Sturba made his Serie A de ...
, Italian footballer
* 1972 –
Rondell White, American baseball player
*
1973 –
Jeff Nordgaard, American-Polish basketball player
*
1974 –
Herschelle Gibbs
Herschelle Herman Gibbs (born 23 February 1974) is a South African cricket coach and former cricketer, who played all formats of the game for fourteen years. A right-handed batsman, mostly opened the batting, Gibbs became the first player to hi ...
, South African cricketer
* 1974 –
Robbi Kempson
Robert Bruce Kempson (born 23 February 1974 in Queenstown, South Africa) is a South African former rugby union footballer, and the Director of High Performance and interim head coach of the in Pro14.
He played rugby between 1994 and 2003 ...
, South African rugby player
*
1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
–
Michael Cornacchia, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
*
1976 –
Kelly Macdonald, Scottish actress
*
1977 –
Kristina Šmigun-Vähi, Estonian skier
*
1978 –
Residente, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter
* 1978 –
Dan Snyder, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2003)
*
1981 –
Gareth Barry, English footballer
* 1981 –
Josh Gad, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
*
1983 –
Mido, Egyptian footballer, manager and sportscaster
* 1983 –
Aziz Ansari, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
* 1983 –
Emily Blunt, English actress
*
1986
The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1
** Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles.
**Spain and Portugal en ...
–
Emerson Conceição, Brazilian footballer
* 1986 –
Skylar Grey, American singer-songwriter
* 1986 –
Kazuya Kamenashi, Japanese singer-songwriter and actor
* 1986 –
Jerod Mayo
Jerod Mayo Sr. (born February 23, 1986) is an American football coach and former linebacker who is the inside linebackers coach for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). Mayo played college football for the University ...
, American football player
* 1986 –
Ola Svensson, Swedish singer-songwriter
*
1987 –
Ab-Soul
Herbert Anthony Stevens IV (born February 23, 1987), better known by his stage name Ab-Soul, is an American rapper, singer and songwriter. Raised in Carson, California, he signed to indie record label Top Dawg Entertainment (TDE) in 2007, where ...
, American rapper
* 1987 –
Theophilus London
Theophilus Musa London (born February 23, 1987) is an American rapper and singer. A frequent collaborator of Kanye West, London was a producer on the 2022 album Donda 2 and was featured on West's 2015 single " All Day" which was nominated for se ...
, Trinidadian-American singer-songwriter and producer
* 1987 –
Zak Kirkup
Zak Richard Francis Kirkup (born 23 February 1987) is an Australian former politician. He was a member of the Western Australian Liberal Party, and served as a member for the Western Australian Legislative Assembly for the electoral district of ...
, Member of the
Parliament of Western Australia
The Parliament of Western Australia is the bicameral legislature of the Australian state of Western Australia, forming the legislative branch of the Government of Western Australia. The parliament consists of a lower house, the Legislati ...
*
1988 –
Nicolás Gaitán
Osvaldo Fabián Nicolás "Nico" Gaitán (; born 23 February 1988) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Portuguese Primeira Liga club Paços de Ferreira.
A product of Boca Juniors, he joined Benfica in ...
, Argentinian footballer
*
1989
File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress Street Viaduct, Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxo ...
–
Evan Bates
Evan Bates (born February 23, 1989) is an American ice dancer. With his skating partner, Madison Chock, he is a 2022 Olympic team event silver medalist, a three-time World medalist (silver in 2015, bronze in 2016 and 2022), a four-time Grand Pr ...
, American ice dancer
* 1989 –
Jérémy Pied, French footballer
*
1990
File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of humanity on Earth, astrophysicis ...
–
Kevin Connauton
Kevin Connauton (born February 23, 1990) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman for the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted 83rd overall by the Vancouver Canucks in the 2009 NHL Entry Draft. Conn ...
, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1990 –
Marco Scandella
Marco Scandella (born February 23, 1990) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman for the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League (NHL). He previously played major junior hockey in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL) for t ...
, Canadian ice hockey player
*
1992 –
Casemiro, Brazilian footballer
* 1992 –
Kyriakos Papadopoulos
Kyriakos Papadopoulos ( el, Κυριάκος Παπαδόπουλος; born 23 February 1992) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Super League club Lamia.
Having made his first league appearances for Olympiacos at ...
, Greek footballer
*
1993 –
Chris Grevsmuhl, Australian rugby league player
*
1994
File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which sank in the Baltic Sea; Nels ...
–
Dakota Fanning, American actress
*
1995 –
Andrew Wiggins, Canadian basketball player
*
1996 –
D'Angelo Russell, American basketball player
*
1997
File:1997 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The movie set of ''Titanic'', the highest-grossing movie in history at the time; '' Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is published; Comet Hale-Bopp passes by Earth and becomes one of ...
–
Jamal Murray, Canadian basketball player
Deaths
Pre-1600
*
715
__NOTOC__
Year 715 ( DCCXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 715 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...
–
Al-Walid I,
Umayyad
The Umayyad Caliphate (661–750 CE; , ; ar, ٱلْخِلَافَة ٱلْأُمَوِيَّة, al-Khilāfah al-ʾUmawīyah) was the second of the four major caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. The caliphate was ruled by the ...
caliph (b. 668)
*
908
__NOTOC__
Year 908 ( CMVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Byzantine Empire
* May 15 – The three-year-old Constantine VII, the son of Emperor Le ...
–
Li Keyong,
Shatuo military governor during the
Tang Dynasty
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an Zhou dynasty (690–705), interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dyn ...
in
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, most populous country, with a Population of China, population exceeding 1.4 billion, slig ...
(b. 856)
*
943 –
Herbert II, Count of Vermandois, (b. 884)
* 943 –
David I, prince of
Tao-Klarjeti (
Georgia)
*
1011 –
Willigis, German archbishop (b. 940)
*
1100 –
Emperor Zhezong of Song (b. 1076)
*
1270 –
Isabel of France (b. 1225)
*
1447 –
Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester (b. 1390)
* 1447 –
Pope Eugene IV (b. 1383)
*
1464 –
Emperor Yingzong of Ming (b. 1427)
*
1473
Year 1473 ( MCDLXXIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events January–December
* February 12, 1473 – The first complete Inside edition of Avicenna's ''The Canon ...
–
Arnold, Duke of Gelderland
Arnold of Egmond (14 July 1410 – 23 February 1473) was Duke of Guelders, Count of Zutphen.
Life
Arnold was born in Egmond-Binnen, North Holland, the son of John II of Egmond and Maria van Arkel.
On 11 July 1423, Arnold, still a boy, su ...
(b. 1410)
*
1526 –
Diego Colón, Spanish Viceroy of the Indies (b. c. 1479)
*
1554
__NOTOC__
Year 1554 ( MDLIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–June
* January 5 – A great fire breaks out in Eindhoven, Netherlands.
*January 11 ...
–
Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English politician,
Lord Lieutenant of Leicestershire (b. 1515)
1601–1900
*
1603 –
Andrea Cesalpino
Andrea Cesalpino ( Latinized as Andreas Cæsalpinus) (6 June 1524 – 23 February 1603) was a Florentine physician, philosopher and botanist.
In his works he classified plants according to their fruits and seeds, rather than alphabetically o ...
, Italian philosopher, physician, and botanist (b. 1519)
* 1603 –
Franciscus Vieta, French mathematician (b. 1540)
*
1620
Events
January–June
* February 4 – Prince Bethlen Gabor signs a peace treaty with Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor.
* May 17 – The first merry-go-round is seen at a fair (Philippapolis, Turkey).
* June 3 – ...
–
Nicholas Fuller
Nicholas Fuller (c. 1557 – 1626) was an English Hebraist and philologist.
Life
The son of Robert Fuller by his wife Catharine Cresset, he was a native of Hampshire, and was born about 1557. He was sent to schools at Southampton, kept by Joh ...
, English politician (b. 1543)
*
1704 –
Georg Muffat, French organist and composer (b. 1653)
*
1766
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") becomes the new Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain, as King Charles III, and figurehead for Jacobitism.
* January 14 – Chr ...
–
Stanisław Leszczyński, Polish king (b. 1677)
*
1781
Events
January–March
* January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament, aged 21.
* January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens across the River Severn ...
–
George Taylor, Founding Father of the United States (b. 1716)
*
1792 –
Joshua Reynolds, English painter and academic (b. 1723)
*
1821 –
John Keats, English poet (b. 1795)
*
1848 –
John Quincy Adams, American politician, 6th
President of the United States
The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the Federal government of the United States#Executive branch, executive branch of the Federal gove ...
(b. 1767)
*
1855 –
Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (b. 1777)
*
1859 –
Zygmunt Krasiński, Polish poet and playwright (b. 1812)
*
1871
Events January–March
* January 3 – Franco-Prussian War – Battle of Bapaume: Prussians win a strategic victory.
* January 18 – Proclamation of the German Empire: The member states of the North German Confederation and the sout ...
–
Amanda Cajander
Mathilda Fredrika "Amanda" Cajander, née Nygren (10 January 1827 – 23 February 1871), was a Finnish deaconess and a pioneer within medical care in Finland.
Life
Cajander married the doctor Anders Cajander in 1848 and had two children. In ...
, Finnish medical reformer (b. 1827)
*
1879
Events January–March
* January 1 – The Specie Resumption Act takes effect. The United States Note is valued the same as gold, for the first time since the American Civil War.
* January 11 – The Anglo-Zulu War begins.
* Janu ...
–
Albrecht von Roon, Prussian soldier and politician, 10th
Minister President of Prussia (b. 1803)
*
1897 –
Woldemar Bargiel, German composer and educator (b. 1828)
*
1900 –
Ernest Dowson
Ernest Christopher Dowson (2 August 186723 February 1900) was an English poet, novelist, and short-story writer who is often associated with the Decadent movement.
Biography
Ernest Dowson was born in Lee, then in Kent, in 1867. His great-uncle ...
, English poet, novelist, and short story writer (b. 1867)
1901–present
*
1908 –
Friedrich von Esmarch
Johannes Friedrich August von Esmarch (9 January 1823 – 23 February 1908) was a German surgeon. He developed the Esmarch bandage and founded the ''Deutscher Samariter-Verein'', the predecessor of the '' Deutscher Samariter-Bund''.
Life
E ...
, German surgeon and academic (b. 1823)
*
1918
This year is noted for the end of the First World War, on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, as well as for the Spanish flu pandemic that killed 50–100 million people worldwide.
Events
Below, the events ...
–
Adolphus Frederick VI, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 1882)
*
1930 –
Horst Wessel, German
SA officer (b. 1907)
*
1931 –
Nellie Melba, Australian soprano and actress (b. 1861)
*
1934 –
Edward Elgar, English composer and academic (b. 1857)
*
1944
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 2 – WWII:
** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in ...
–
Leo Baekeland, Belgian-American chemist and engineer (b. 1863)
*
1946 –
Tomoyuki Yamashita, Japanese general (b. 1885)
*
1948 –
John Robert Gregg, Irish-American publisher and educator (b. 1866)
*
1955
Events January
* January 3 – José Ramón Guizado becomes president of Panama.
* January 17 – , the first nuclear-powered submarine, puts to sea for the first time, from Groton, Connecticut.
* January 18– 20 – Battle of Yijiangs ...
–
Paul Claudel, French poet and playwright (b. 1868)
*
1965
Events January–February
* January 14 – The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years.
* January 20
** Lyndon B. Johnson is sworn in for a full term ...
–
Stan Laurel, English actor and comedian (b. 1890)
*
1969
This year is notable for Apollo 11's first landing on the moon.
Events January
* January 4 – The Government of Spain hands over Ifni to Morocco.
* January 5
**Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 crashes into a house on its approach to ...
–
Madhubala
Madhubala (born Mumtaz Jehan Begum Dehlavi; 14 February 1933 – 23 February 1969) was an Indian actress and producer who worked in Hindi-language films. She ranked as one of the highest-paid entertainers in India in the post-independence era ...
, Indian actress and producer (b. 1933)
* 1969 –
Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud ( ar, سعود بن عبد العزيز آل سعود ''Suʿūd ibn ʿAbd al ʿAzīz Āl Suʿūd'', Najdi Arabic pronunciation: ; 15 January 1902 – 23 February 1969) was King of Saudi Arabia from 9 November 195 ...
, 2nd
King of Saudi Arabia (b. 1902)
*
1973 –
Dickinson W. Richards, American physician and physiologist,
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...
laureate (b. 1895)
*
1974 –
Harry Ruby, American composer and screenwriter (b. 1895)
*
1976 –
L. S. Lowry, English painter (b. 1887)
*
1979 –
W. A. C. Bennett
William Andrew Cecil Bennett (September 6, 1900 – February 23, 1979) was a Canadian politician. He was the 25th premier of British Columbia from 1952 to 1972. With just over 20 years in office, Bennett was and remains the longest-serving prem ...
, Canadian businessman and politician, 25th
Premier of British Columbia
Premier is a title for the head of government in central governments, state governments and local governments of some countries. A second in command to a premier is designated as a deputy premier.
A premier will normally be a head of gov ...
(b. 1900)
*
1983 –
Herbert Howells, English organist and composer (b. 1892)
*
1990
File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of humanity on Earth, astrophysicis ...
–
José Napoleón Duarte, Salvadoran engineer and politician,
President of El Salvador (b. 1925)
*
1995 –
James Herriot, English veterinarian and author (b. 1916)
*
1997
File:1997 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The movie set of ''Titanic'', the highest-grossing movie in history at the time; '' Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is published; Comet Hale-Bopp passes by Earth and becomes one of ...
–
Tony Williams, American drummer, composer, and producer (b. 1945)
*
1998 –
Philip Abbott, American actor and director (b. 1924)
*
1999
File:1999 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The funeral procession of King Hussein of Jordan in Amman; the 1999 İzmit earthquake kills over 17,000 people in Turkey; the Columbine High School massacre, one of the first major school shoot ...
–
The Renegade, American wrestler (b. 1965)
*
2000 –
Ofra Haza, Israeli singer-songwriter and actress (b. 1957)
* 2000 –
Stanley Matthews, English footballer and manager (b. 1915)
*
2003 –
Howie Epstein, American bass player, songwriter, and producer (b. 1955)
* 2003 –
Robert K. Merton
Robert King Merton (born Meyer Robert Schkolnick; July 4, 1910 – February 23, 2003) was an American sociologist who is considered a founding father of modern sociology, and a major contributor to the subfield of criminology. He served as th ...
, American sociologist and academic (b. 1910)
*
2004 –
Vijay Anand, Indian director, producer, screenwriter, and actor (b. 1934)
* 2004 –
Sikander Bakht
Sikander Bakht (24 August 1918 – 23 February 2004) was an Indian politician belonging to the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) who served as the 15th governor of Kerala from 2002 until his death. He was elected as the Vice President of the BJP, ...
, Indian politician,
Indian Minister of External Affairs (b. 1918)
*
2006 –
Muhammad Shamsul Huq
Muhammad Shamsul Huq ( bn, মুহাম্মদ শামসুল হক; 12 October 1912 – 23 February 2006) was a Bangladeshi academic and minister. He served as an education minister in erstwhile East Pakistan, and became the Minister of ...
, Bangladeshi academic and former Minister of Foreign Affairs (b.
1912
Events January
* January 1 – The Republic of China is established.
* January 5 – The Prague Conference (6th All-Russian Conference of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party) opens.
* January 6
** German geophysicist Alfred ...
)
* 2006 –
Telmo Zarra, Spanish footballer (b. 1921)
*
2007 –
John Ritchie, English footballer (b. 1941)
*
2008
File:2008 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Lehman Brothers went bankrupt following the Subprime mortgage crisis; Cyclone Nargis killed more than 138,000 in Myanmar; A scene from the opening ceremony of the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing; ...
–
Janez Drnovšek
Janez Drnovšek (; 17 May 1950 – 23 February 2008) was a Slovenian liberal politician, President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia (1989–1990), Prime Minister of Slovenia (1992–2002, with a short break in 2000) and President of Slovenia (200 ...
, Slovenian economist and politician, 2nd
President of Slovenia (b. 1950)
* 2008 –
Paul Frère, Belgian racing driver and journalist (b. 1917)
*
2010 –
Orlando Zapata, Cuban plumber and activist (b. 1967)
*
2011 –
Nirmala Srivastava
Nirmala Srivastava (née Nirmala Salve; 21 March 192323 February 2011), also known as Shri Mataji Nirmala Devi, was the founder and guru of Sahaja Yoga, a new religious movement sometimes classified as a cult. She claimed to have been born ful ...
, Indian religious leader, founded
Sahaja Yoga
Sahaja Yoga (सहज योग) is a religion founded in 1970 by Nirmala Srivastava (1923–2011). Nirmala Srivastava is known as Shri Mataji Nirmala Devi (trans: ''Revered Immaculate Mother'') or, simply, as "Mother" by her followers, who ...
(b. 1923)
*
2012 –
William Raggio, American lawyer and politician (b. 1926)
* 2012 –
David Sayre
David Sayre (March 2, 1924 – February 23, 2012) was an American scientist, credited with the early development of direct methods for protein crystallography and of diffraction microscopy (also called coherent diffraction imaging). While worki ...
, American physicist and mathematician (b. 1924)
* 2012 –
Kazimierz Żygulski, Polish sociologist and activist (b. 1919)
*
2013
File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment fa ...
–
Eugene Bookhammer, American soldier and politician, 18th
Lieutenant Governor of Delaware
The lieutenant governor of Delaware is the second ranking executive officer of the U.S. state of Delaware. Lieutenant governors are elected for a term of four years in the same general election as the U.S. president and take office the following ...
(b. 1918)
* 2013 –
Joseph Friedenson
Joseph Friedenson ( yi, יוסף פֿרידענזאָן, 1922–2013) was a Holocaust survivor, Holocaust historian, Yiddish writer, lecturer, and editor of '.
Friedenson was born in Łódź, Poland in April, 1922, to Rabbi Eliezer Gershon, an act ...
, Holocaust survivor, Holocaust historian, Yiddish writer, lecturer and editor (b. 1922)
* 2013 –
Julien Ries, Belgian cardinal (b. 1920)
* 2013 –
Lotika Sarkar, Indian lawyer and academic (b. 1945)
*
2014
File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wa ...
–
Alice Herz-Sommer
Alice Herz-Sommer, also known as Alice Herz (26 November 1903 – 23 February 2014), was a Prague-born Jewish classical pianist, music teacher, and supercentenarian who survived Theresienstadt concentration camp. She lived for 40 years in Israe ...
, Czech-English
Holocaust survivor, pianist and educator (b. 1903)
* 2014 –
Roger Hilsman
Roger Hilsman Jr. (November 23, 1919 – February 23, 2014) was an American soldier, government official, political scientist, and author. He saw action in the China-Burma-India Theater of World War II, first with Merrill's Marauders, getting w ...
, American soldier, academic, and politician (b. 1919)
*
2015 –
James Aldridge
Harold Edward James Aldridge (10 July 1918 – 23 February 2015) was an Australian-British writer and journalist. His World War II despatches were published worldwide and he was the author of over 30 books, both fiction and non-fiction works, ...
, Australian-English journalist and author (b. 1918)
* 2015 –
Rana Bhagwandas, Pakistani lawyer and judge,
Chief Justice of Pakistan
}
The Chief Justice of Pakistan (Urdu: ) ( initials as CJP) is head of the court system of Pakistan (the judicature branch of government) and the chief judge of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. The officeholder is the senior most of 17 senior ...
(b. 1942)
* 2015 –
W. E. "Bill" Dykes, American soldier and politician (b. 1925)
*
2016 –
Peter Lustig, German television host and author (b. 1937)
* 2016 –
Jacqueline Mattson, American baseball player (b. 1928)
*
2019 –
Katherine Helmond, American actress (b. 1929)
*
2021 –
Ahmed Zaki Yamani, Saudi Arabian politician (b. 1930)
Holidays and observances
*Christian
feast day:
**
Polycarp
Polycarp (; el, Πολύκαρπος, ''Polýkarpos''; la, Polycarpus; AD 69 155) was a Christian bishop of Smyrna. According to the ''Martyrdom of Polycarp'', he died a martyr, bound and burned at the stake, then stabbed when the fire failed ...
of Smyrna
**
Serenus the Gardener
**
February 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
*
The Emperor's Birthday, birthday of
Naruhito, the current
Emperor of Japan
The Emperor of Japan is the monarch and the head of the Imperial Family of Japan. Under the Constitution of Japan, he is defined as the symbol of the Japanese state and the unity of the Japanese people, and his position is derived from "the ...
(Japan)
*
Mashramani-Republic Day (
Guyana)
*
National Day (Brunei)
*
Red Army Day
Defender of the Fatherland Day (russian: День защитника Отечества ''Den' zashchitnika Otechestva''; kk, Отан қорғаушы күні; tg, Рӯзи Дорандаи Ватан; ky, Мекенди коргоочула ...
or Day of Soviet Army and Navy in the former
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
, also held in various former Soviet republics:
**
Defender of the Fatherland Day
Defender of the Fatherland Day (russian: День защитника Отечества ''Den' zashchitnika Otechestva''; kk, Отан қорғаушы күні; tg, Рӯзи Дорандаи Ватан; ky, Мекенди коргоочула ...
(
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...
)
**
Defender of the Fatherland and Armed Forces day (
Belarus
Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by ...
)
**
Armed Forces Day (Tajikistan)
Armed Forces Day ( tg, Рӯзи Қувваҳои Мусаллаҳ; russian: День Вооружённых сил) also known as Tajik National Army Day ( tg, Рӯзи Артиши Миллӣ Тоҷик) or Defender of the Fatherland Day ( tg, ...
(
Tajikistan
Tajikistan (, ; tg, Тоҷикистон, Tojikiston; russian: Таджикистан, Tadzhikistan), officially the Republic of Tajikistan ( tg, Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhurii Tojikiston), is a landlocked country in Centr ...
)
References
External links
BBC: On This Day*
Historical Events on February 23
{{months
Days of the year
February