The ''formula togatorum'' ("list of

toga The toga (, ), a distinctive garment of ancient Rome, was a roughly semicircular cloth, between in length, draped over the shoulders and around the body. It was usually woven from white wool, and was worn over a tunic. In Roman historical tr ...

-wearers") was a schedule kept in

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus ( legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

that listed the various military obligations that Rome's Italian allies were required to supply to Rome in times of war. ''Togati'', "those who wear the toga," is not precisely equivalent to "Roman citizens," and may mean more broadly "

Romanized Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Latin script, Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing writ ...

"; in the inscriptional context in which the phrase appears, ''togati'' seems to mean Romans, allies, or

Latins The Latins were originally an Italic tribe in ancient central Italy from Latium. As Roman power and colonization spread Latin culture during the Roman Republic. Latins culturally "Romanized" or "Latinized" the rest of Italy, and the word Latin ...

who are subject to conscription. According to

Polybius Polybius (; grc-gre, Πολύβιος, ; ) was a Greek historian of the Hellenistic period. He is noted for his work , which covered the period of 264–146 BC and the Punic Wars in detail. Polybius is important for his analysis of the mixed ...

(3. 107. 12), in his day, Rome's allies supplied as many infantry soldiers as did Rome itself, but three times as much cavalry.

Appian Appian of Alexandria (; grc-gre, Ἀππιανὸς Ἀλεξανδρεύς ''Appianòs Alexandreús''; la, Appianus Alexandrinus; ) was a Ancient Greeks, Greek historian with Ancient Rome, Roman citizenship who flourished during the reigns of ...

and

Velleius Paterculus Marcus Velleius Paterculus (; c. 19 BC – c. AD 31) was a Roman historian, soldier and senator. His Roman history, written in a highly rhetorical style, covered the period from the end of the Trojan War to AD 30, but is most useful for the pe ...

also mention allied contributions. Toynbee supposed that the ''formula'' listed the maximum number of troops that Rome could demand. Brunt, by contrast, argued that the obligation was set at a sliding scale, and that Rome could demand so many men per year from each community for every legion that it fielded. Brunt, ''Italian Manpower'', 677ff.

Bibliography

*A.J. Toynbee, ''Hannibal's Legacy'' (London, 1965). * P.A. Brunt, ''Italian Manpower: 225 B.C.—A.D. 14'' (Oxford U.P., 1971).

Notes

Military of ancient Rome Roman Republic History of the Roman Republic {{ancientRome-stub