Events
Pre-1600
*
*
2 BC
__NOTOC__
Year 2 BC was a common year starting on Thursday or Common year starting on Friday, Friday of the Julian calendar (the sources differ, see Julian calendar#Leap year error, leap year error for further information) and a common year start ...
–
Caesar Augustus
Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian (), was the founder of the Roman Empire, who reigned as the first Roman emperor from 27 BC until his death in ...
is granted the title ''
pater patriae'' by the
Roman Senate
The Roman Senate () was the highest and constituting assembly of ancient Rome and its aristocracy. With different powers throughout its existence it lasted from the first days of the city of Rome (traditionally founded in 753 BC) as the Sena ...
.
*
62 –
Earthquake
An earthquakealso called a quake, tremor, or tembloris the shaking of the Earth's surface resulting from a sudden release of energy in the lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, from those so weak they ...
in
Pompeii
Pompeii ( ; ) was a city in what is now the municipality of Pompei, near Naples, in the Campania region of Italy. Along with Herculaneum, Stabiae, and Villa Boscoreale, many surrounding villas, the city was buried under of volcanic ash and p ...
, Italy.
*
756
__NOTOC__
Year 756 ( DCCLVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 756th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 756th year of the 1st millennium, the 56th year of the 8th century, and the ...
–
Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year, or the Spring Festival (see also #Names, § Names), is a festival that celebrates the beginning of a New Year, new year on the traditional lunisolar calendar, lunisolar Chinese calendar. It is one of the most important holi ...
;
An Lushan
An Lushan (; 20th day of the 1st month (19 February) 703 – 29 January 757) was a Chinese military general and rebel leader during the Tang dynasty and is primarily known for instigating the An Lushan Rebellion which devastated China and kill ...
proclaims himself
Emperor of China
Throughout Chinese history, "Emperor" () was the superlative title held by the monarchs of imperial China's various dynasties. In traditional Chinese political theory, the emperor was the " Son of Heaven", an autocrat with the divine mandat ...
and founds the short-lived state of
Yan.
*
1576
Year 1576 ( MDLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–March
* January 20 – Martín Enríquez de Almanza, Viceroy of New Spain, founds the settlement of León, in what is later the s ...
–
Henry of Navarre
Henry IV (; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithets Good King Henry (''le Bon Roi Henri'') or Henry the Great (''Henri le Grand''), was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 16 ...
abjures Catholicism at
Tours
Tours ( ; ) is the largest city in the region of Centre-Val de Loire, France. It is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, department of Indre-et-Loire. The Communes of France, commune of Tours had 136,463 inhabita ...
and rejoins the Protestant forces in the
French Wars of Religion
The French Wars of Religion were a series of civil wars between French Catholic Church, Catholics and Protestantism, Protestants (called Huguenots) from 1562 to 1598. Between two and four million people died from violence, famine or disease di ...
.
*
1597
Events
January–March
* January 4 – Japan's Chancellor of the Realm, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, sends 26 European Christians, arrested on December 8, 1596, on a forced march from Kyoto to Nagasaki.
* January 24 – Battle of Turnhout: M ...
– A group of
early Japanese Christians are
killed by the new government of Japan for being seen as a threat to Japanese society.
1601–1900
*
1783
Events
January–March
* January 20 – At Versailles, Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain signs preliminary peace treaties with the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of Spain.
* January 23 – The Confederation Congress ...
– In
Calabria
Calabria is a Regions of Italy, region in Southern Italy. It is a peninsula bordered by the region Basilicata to the north, the Ionian Sea to the east, the Strait of Messina to the southwest, which separates it from Sicily, and the Tyrrhenian S ...
, a
sequence of strong earthquakes begins.
*
1810
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Major-General Lachlan Macquarie officially becomes Governor of New South Wales.
* January 4 – Australian seal hunter Frederick Hasselborough discovers Campbell Island, in the Subantarctic.
* J ...
–
Peninsular War
The Peninsular War (1808–1814) was fought in the Iberian Peninsula by Kingdom of Portugal, Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom against the invading and occupying forces of the First French ...
:
Siege of Cádiz
The siege of Cádiz was a siege of the large Spanish naval base of Cádiz by a First French Empire, French army from 5 February 1810 to 24 August 1812 during the Peninsular War. Following the occupation of Seville, Cádiz became the Spanish s ...
begins.
*
1818
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Battle of Koregaon: Troops of the British East India Company score a decisive victory over the Maratha Confederacy, Maratha Empire.
** English author Mary Shelley publishes the novel ''Frankenstein ...
–
Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte
Charles XIV John (; 26 January 1763 – 8 March 1844) was King of Sweden and King of Norway, Norway from 1818 until his death in 1844 and the first monarch of the Bernadotte dynasty. In Norway, he is known as Charles III John () and before he be ...
ascends to the thrones of Sweden and Norway.
*
1852
Events
January–March
* January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic.
* January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come to ...
– The New
Hermitage Museum
The State Hermitage Museum ( rus, Государственный Эрмитаж, r=Gosudarstvennyj Ermitaž, p=ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)ɨj ɪrmʲɪˈtaʂ, links=no) is a museum of art and culture in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and holds the large ...
in
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...
, Russia, one of the largest and oldest museums in the world, opens to the public.
*
1859
Events
January–March
* January 21 – José Mariano Salas (1797–1867) becomes Conservative interim President of Mexico.
* January 24 ( O. S.) – Under the rule of Alexandru Ioan Cuza, the provinces of Wallachia and Moldavia are uni ...
–
Alexandru Ioan Cuza
Alexandru Ioan Cuza (, or Alexandru Ioan I, also Anglicised as Alexander John Cuza; 20 March 1820 – 15 May 1873) was the first ''domnitor'' (prince) of the Romanian Principalities through his double election as List of monarchs of Moldavia ...
, Prince of
Moldavia
Moldavia (, or ; in Romanian Cyrillic alphabet, Romanian Cyrillic: or ) is a historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River. An initially in ...
, is also elected as prince of
Wallachia
Wallachia or Walachia (; ; : , : ) is a historical and geographical region of modern-day Romania. It is situated north of the Lower Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians. Wallachia was traditionally divided into two sections, Munteni ...
, joining the two principalities as a
personal union
A personal union is a combination of two or more monarchical states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct. A real union, by contrast, involves the constituent states being to some extent in ...
called the
United Principalities
The United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia (), commonly called United Principalities or Wallachia and Moldavia, was the personal union of the Moldavia, Principality of Moldavia and the Wallachia, Principality of Wallachia. The union was ...
, an autonomous region within the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...
, which ushered in the birth of the modern
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ...
n state.
*
1869
Events January
* January 3 – Abdur Rahman Khan is defeated at Tinah Khan, and exiled from Afghanistan.
* January 5 – Scotland's second oldest professional football team, Kilmarnock F.C., is founded.
* January 20 – Elizabe ...
– The largest
alluvial
Alluvium (, ) is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluvium is also sometimes called alluvial deposit. Alluvium is ...
gold
Gold is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol Au (from Latin ) and atomic number 79. In its pure form, it is a brightness, bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal ...
nugget in history, called the "
Welcome Stranger
Welcome Stranger is the name of the largest alluvial gold nugget ever discovered. It was unearthed by Cornwall, Cornish miners John Deason and Richard Oates on 5February 1869 in Moliagul, 9 miles north-west of Dunolly, Victoria, Dunolly in Vi ...
", is found in
Moliagul
Moliagul is a locality in the Shire of Central Goldfields and Shire of Loddon, Victoria, Australia, located northwest of Melbourne and west of Bendigo. The area is notable for the discovery of a number of gold nuggets. These finds include the ...
, Victoria, Australia.
*
1885
Events
January
* January 3– 4 – Sino-French War – Battle of Núi Bop: French troops under General Oscar de Négrier defeat a numerically superior Qing Chinese force, in northern Vietnam.
* January 17 – Mahdist ...
– King
Leopold II of Belgium
Leopold II (9 April 1835 – 17 December 1909) was the second king of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909, and the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908.
Born in Brussels as the second but eldest-surviving son of King Leo ...
establishes the
Congo as a personal possession.
1901–present
*
1901
December 13 of this year is the beginning of signed 32-bit Unix time, and is scheduled to end in January 19, 2038.
Summary
Political and military
1901 started with the unification of multiple British colonies in Australia on January ...
–
J. P. Morgan
John Pierpont Morgan Sr. (April 17, 1837 – March 31, 1913) was an American financier and investment banker who dominated corporate finance on Wall Street throughout the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. As the head of the banking firm that ...
incorporates
U.S. Steel
The United States Steel Corporation is an American steel company based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It maintains production facilities at several additional locations in the U.S. and Central Europe.
The company produces and sells steel products, ...
in the state of
New Jersey
New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...
, although the company would not start doing business until February 25 and the assets of
Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie ( , ; November 25, 1835August 11, 1919) was a Scottish-American industrialist and philanthropist. Carnegie led the expansion of the History of the iron and steel industry in the United States, American steel industry in the late ...
's
Carnegie Steel Company
Carnegie Steel Company was a steel-producing company primarily created by Andrew Carnegie and several close associates to manage businesses at steel mills in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania area in the late 19th century. The company was formed in ...
,
Elbert H. Gary
Elbert Henry Gary (October 8, 1846August 15, 1927) was an American lawyer, county judge and business executive. He was a founder of U.S. Steel in 1901 alongside J. P. Morgan, William H. Moore, Henry Clay Frick and Charles M. Schwab. The city ...
's
Federal Steel Company
Federal or foederal (archaic) may refer to:
Politics
General
*Federal monarchy, a federation of monarchies
*Federation, or ''Federal state'' (federal system), a type of government characterized by both a central (federal) government and states or ...
, and
William Henry Moore William Henry Moore may refer to:
*William Henry Moore (financier) (1848–1923), American attorney and financier
*William Henry Moore (politician)
William Henry Moore (October 19, 1872 – August 16, 1960) was a Canadian lawyer, author and ...
's National Steel Company were not acquired until April 1.
*
1905
As the second year of the massive Russo-Japanese War begins, more than 100,000 die in the largest world battles of that era, and the war chaos leads to the 1905 Russian Revolution against Nicholas II of Russia (Shostakovich's 11th Symphony i ...
– In Mexico, the
General Hospital of Mexico
The General Hospital of Mexico (Hospital General de México, HGM) is a hospital in Mexico City, operated by the Secretariat of Health, the federal government department in charge of all social health services in Mexico.
History
Towards the end of ...
is inaugurated, started with four basic specialties.
*
1907
Events
January
* January 14 – 1907 Kingston earthquake: A 6.5 Moment magnitude scale, Mw earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica, kills between 800 and 1,000.
February
* February 9 – The "Mud March (suffragists), Mud March", the ...
– Belgian chemist
Leo Baekeland
Leo Hendrik Baekeland ( , ; November 14, 1863 – February 23, 1944) was a Belgian chemist. Educated in Belgium and Germany, he spent most of his career in the United States. He is best known for the inventions of Velox photographic paper ...
announces the creation of
Bakelite
Bakelite ( ), formally , is a thermosetting polymer, thermosetting phenol formaldehyde resin, formed from a condensation reaction of phenol with formaldehyde. The first plastic made from synthetic components, it was developed by Belgian chemist ...
, the world's first synthetic
plastic
Plastics are a wide range of synthetic polymers, synthetic or Semisynthesis, semisynthetic materials composed primarily of Polymer, polymers. Their defining characteristic, Plasticity (physics), plasticity, allows them to be Injection moulding ...
.
*
1913
Events January
* January – Joseph Stalin travels to Vienna to research his ''Marxism and the National Question''. This means that, during this month, Stalin, Hitler, Trotsky and Tito are all living in the city.
* January 3 &ndash ...
–
Greek military aviators
Greek may refer to:
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...
Michael Moutoussis
Michael Moutoussis (, 1885 – 16 March 1956) was a Hellenic Army officer and pioneer of military aviation. Together with Aristeidis Moraitinis, he performed the first naval air mission in history during the Balkan Wars.
Early career
Moutoussi ...
and
Aristeidis Moraitinis
Aristeidis Moraitinis (; 1806–1875) was born in Smyrna, Ottoman Empire (now İzmir, Turkey). He was educated in France. During the reign of King Otto, Moraitinis was a staunch member of the French Party. He served as the 15th Prime Minister ...
perform the first
naval air mission in history, with a
Farman MF.7 hydroplane.
* 1913 –
Claudio Monteverdi
Claudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi (baptized 15 May 1567 – 29 November 1643) was an Italian composer, choirmaster and string instrument, string player. A composer of both Secular music, secular and Church music, sacred music, and a pioneer ...
's last opera ''
L'incoronazione di Poppea
''L'incoronazione di Poppea'' (Stattkus-Verzeichnis, SV 308, ''The Coronation of Poppaea'') is an Italian List of operas by Claudio Monteverdi, opera by Claudio Monteverdi. It was Monteverdi's last opera, with a libretto by Giovanni Francesco Buse ...
'' was performed theatrically for the first time in more than 250 years.
*
1917
Events
Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's ...
– The
current constitution of Mexico is adopted, establishing a
federal republic
A federal republic is a federation of Federated state, states with a republican form of government. At its core, the literal meaning of the word republic when used to reference a form of government means a country that is governed by elected re ...
with powers separated into independent executive, legislative, and judicial branches.
* 1917 – The
Congress of the United States
The United States Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States. It is a bicameral legislature, including a lower body, the U.S. House of Representatives, and an upper body, the U.S. Senate. They both ...
passes the
Immigration Act of 1917
The Immigration Act of 1917 (also known as the Literacy Act or the Burnett Act and less often as the Asiatic Barred Zone Act) was a United States Act that aimed to restrict immigration by imposing literacy tests on immigrants, creating new cate ...
over President
Woodrow Wilson
Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856February 3, 1924) was the 28th president of the United States, serving from 1913 to 1921. He was the only History of the Democratic Party (United States), Democrat to serve as president during the Prog ...
's veto.
*
1918
The ceasefire that effectively ended the World War I, First World War took place on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month of this year. Also in this year, the Spanish flu pandemic killed 50–100 million people wor ...
–
Stephen W. Thompson shoots down a German airplane; this is the first aerial victory by the U.S. military.
* 1918 – is torpedoed off the coast of Ireland; it is the first ship carrying American troops to Europe to be torpedoed and sunk.
*
1919
Events
January
* January 1
** The Czechoslovak Legions occupy much of the self-proclaimed "free city" of Pressburg (later Bratislava), enforcing its incorporation into the new republic of Czechoslovakia.
** HMY ''Iolaire'' sinks off th ...
–
Charlie Chaplin
Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin (16 April 188925 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film. He became a worldwide icon through his screen persona, the Tramp, and is considered o ...
,
Mary Pickford
Gladys Louise Smith (April 8, 1892 – May 29, 1979), known professionally as Mary Pickford, was a Canadian-American film actress and producer. A Canadian pioneers in early Hollywood, pioneer in the American film industry with a Hollywood care ...
,
Douglas Fairbanks
Douglas Elton Fairbanks Sr. (born Douglas Elton Thomas Ullman; May 23, 1883 – December 12, 1939) was an American actor and filmmaker best known for being the first actor to play the masked Vigilante Zorro and other swashbuckler film, swashbu ...
, and
D. W. Griffith
David Wark Griffith (January 22, 1875 – July 23, 1948) was an American film director. Considered one of the most influential figures in the history of the motion picture, he pioneered many aspects of film editing and expanded the art of the n ...
launch
United Artists
United Artists (UA) is an American film production and film distribution, distribution company owned by Amazon MGM Studios. In its original operating period, it was founded in February 1919 by Charlie Chaplin, D. W. Griffith, Mary Pickford an ...
.
*
1924
Events
January
* January 12 – Gopinath Saha shoots Ernest Day, whom he has mistaken for Sir Charles Tegart, the police commissioner of Calcutta, and is arrested soon after.
* January 20–January 30, 30 – Kuomintang in Ch ...
– The
Royal Greenwich Observatory
The Royal Observatory, Greenwich (ROG; known as the Old Royal Observatory from 1957 to 1998, when the working Royal Greenwich Observatory, RGO, temporarily moved south from Greenwich to Herstmonceux) is an observatory situated on a hill in G ...
begins broadcasting the hourly time signals known as the
Greenwich Time Signal
The Greenwich Time Signal (GTS), popularly known as the pips, is a series of six short tones (or "pips") broadcast at one-second intervals by many BBC Radio stations to mark the precise start of each hour. The pips were introduced in 1924, gene ...
.
*
1933
Events
January
* January 11 – Australian aviator Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand.
* January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independen ...
– Mutiny on
Royal Netherlands Navy
The Royal Netherlands Navy (, ) is the Navy, maritime service branch of the Netherlands Armed Forces. It traces its history to 8 January 1488, making it the List of navies, third-oldest navy in the world.
During the 17th and early 18th centurie ...
warship
HNLMS ''De Zeven Provinciën'' off the coast of
Sumatra
Sumatra () is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the list of islands by area, sixth-largest island in the world at 482,286.55 km2 (182,812 mi. ...
,
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies (; ), was a Dutch Empire, Dutch colony with territory mostly comprising the modern state of Indonesia, which Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, declared independence on 17 Au ...
.
*
1939
This year also marks the start of the World War II, Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Events related to World War II have a "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Coming into effect in Nazi Ger ...
– Generalísimo
Francisco Franco
Francisco Franco Bahamonde (born Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco Bahamonde; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general and dictator who led the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalist forces i ...
becomes the 68th "''Caudillo de España''", or Leader of Spain.
*
1941
The Correlates of War project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 3.49 million. However, the Uppsala Conflict Data Program estimates that the subsequent year, 1942, wa ...
–
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
:
Allied forces begin the
Battle of Keren
The Battle of Keren () took place from 3 February to 27 March 1941. Keren was attacked by the British during the East African Campaign of the Second World War. A force of Italian regular and colonial troops defended the position against troop ...
to capture
Keren, Eritrea
Keren (Tigrinya language, Tigrinya and Tigre language, Tigre: , Arabic language, Arabic: كرن, Italian language, Italian: ''Cheren''), historically known as Sanhit,Shinn, David & al. "Hewitt Treaty" in the ''Historical Dictionary of Ethi ...
.
*
1945
1945 marked the end of World War II, the fall of Nazi Germany, and the Empire of Japan. It is also the year concentration camps were liberated and the only year in which atomic weapons have been used in combat.
Events
World War II will be ...
– World War II: General
Douglas MacArthur
Douglas MacArthur (26 January 18805 April 1964) was an American general who served as a top commander during World War II and the Korean War, achieving the rank of General of the Army (United States), General of the Army. He served with dis ...
returns to
Manila
Manila, officially the City of Manila, is the Capital of the Philippines, capital and second-most populous city of the Philippines after Quezon City, with a population of 1,846,513 people in 2020. Located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay on ...
.
*
1958
Events
January
* January 1 – The European Economic Community (EEC) comes into being.
* January 3 – The West Indies Federation is formed.
* January 4
** Edmund Hillary's Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition completes the thir ...
–
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein (15 January 1918 – 28 September 1970) was an Egyptian military officer and revolutionary who served as the second president of Egypt from 1954 until his death in 1970. Nasser led the Egyptian revolution of 1952 a ...
is nominated to be the first president of the
United Arab Republic
The United Arab Republic (UAR; ) was a sovereign state in the Middle East from 1958 to 1971. It was initially a short-lived political union between Republic of Egypt (1953–1958), Egypt (including Occupation of the Gaza Strip by the United Ara ...
.
* 1958 – A
hydrogen bomb
A thermonuclear weapon, fusion weapon or hydrogen bomb (H-bomb) is a second-generation nuclear weapon design. Its greater sophistication affords it vastly greater destructive power than first-generation nuclear bombs, a more compact size, a lo ...
known as the Tybee Bomb is
lost by the US Air Force off the coast of
Savannah, Georgia
Savannah ( ) is the oldest city in the U.S. state of Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia and the county seat of Chatham County, Georgia, Chatham County. Established in 1733 on the Savannah River, the city of Savannah became the Kingdom of Great Brita ...
, never to be recovered.
*
1962
The year saw the Cuban Missile Crisis, which is often considered the closest the world came to a Nuclear warfare, nuclear confrontation during the Cold War.
Events January
* January 1 – Samoa, Western Samoa becomes independent from Ne ...
–
French President
The president of France, officially the president of the French Republic (), is the executive head of state of France, and the commander-in-chief of the French Armed Forces. As the presidency is the supreme magistracy of the country, the pos ...
Charles de Gaulle
Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (22 November 18909 November 1970) was a French general and statesman who led the Free France, Free French Forces against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government of the French Re ...
calls for
Algeria
Algeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered to Algeria–Tunisia border, the northeast by Tunisia; to Algeria–Libya border, the east by Libya; to Alger ...
to be granted independence.
*
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cove ...
– The
European Court of Justice
The European Court of Justice (ECJ), officially the Court of Justice (), is the supreme court of the European Union in matters of European Union law. As a part of the Court of Justice of the European Union, it is tasked with interpreting ...
's ruling in ''
Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen
''Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen'' (1963) Case 26/62 was a landmark case of the European Court of Justice which established that provisions of the ''Treaty Establishing the European Economic Community'' were capa ...
'' establishes the principle of
direct effect
In the law of the European Union, direct effect is the principle that Union law may, if appropriately framed, confer rights on individuals which not only the courts but also the public administration (on national, regional or local level) of m ...
, one of the most important, if not the most important, decisions in the development of
European Union law
European Union law is a system of Supranational union, supranational Law, laws operating within the 27 member states of the European Union (EU). It has grown over time since the 1952 founding of the European Coal and Steel Community, to promote ...
.
*
1967
Events January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 6 – Vietnam War: United States Marine Corps and Army of ...
–
Cultural Revolution
The Cultural Revolution, formally known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a Social movement, sociopolitical movement in the China, People's Republic of China (PRC). It was launched by Mao Zedong in 1966 and lasted until his de ...
: The
Shanghai People's Commune
The January Storm, formally known as the January Revolution, was a ''coup d'état'' in Shanghai that occurred between 5 January and 23 February 1967, during the Cultural Revolution. The coup, precipitated by the ''Sixteen Articles'' and unexpe ...
is formally proclaimed, with
Yao Wenyuan
Yao Wenyuan (January 12, 1931 – December 23, 2005) was a Chinese literary critic, politician, and member of the Gang of Four during China's Cultural Revolution.
Biography
Yao Wenyuan was born in Zhuji, Zhejiang, to an intellectual famil ...
and
Zhang Chunqiao
Zhang Chunqiao (; 1 February 1917 – 21 April 2005) was a Chinese political theorist, writer, and politician. He came to the national spotlight during the late stages of the Cultural Revolution, and was a member of the ultra-Maoist group dub ...
being appointed as its leaders.
*
1971 *
The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (Solar eclipse of February 25, 1971, February 25, Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971, July 22 and Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 1971 lunar eclip ...
– Astronauts land on the Moon in the
Apollo 14
Apollo 14 (January 31February 9, 1971) was the eighth crewed mission in the United States Apollo program, the third to Moon landing, land on the Moon, and the first to land in the Geology of the Moon#Highlands, lunar highlands. It was the las ...
mission.
*
1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 – Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– Riots break out in
Lima, Peru
Lima ( ; ), founded in 1535 as the Ciudad de los Reyes (, Spanish for "City of Biblical Magi, Kings"), is the capital and largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón River, Chillón, Rímac River, Rímac and Lurín Rive ...
after the police forces go on strike
the day before. The uprising (locally known as the ''
Limazo'') is bloodily suppressed by the military dictatorship.
*
1981
Events January
* January 1
** Greece enters the European Economic Community, predecessor of the European Union.
** Palau becomes a self-governing territory.
* January 6 – A funeral service is held in West Germany for Nazi Grand Admiral ...
–
Operation Soap
Operation Soap was a raid by the Metropolitan Toronto Police against four gay bathhouses in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, which took place on February 5, 1981. Nearly three hundred men were arrested, the largest mass arrest in Canada since the 1970 O ...
: The
Metropolitan Toronto Police Force
The Toronto Police Service (TPS) is a municipal police force in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and the primary agency responsible for providing law enforcement and policing services in Toronto. Established in 1834, it was the first local police se ...
raids four gay bathhouses in
Toronto
Toronto ( , locally pronounced or ) is the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, most populous city in Canada. It is the capital city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario. With a p ...
, Ontario, Canada, arresting just under 300, triggering mass protest and rallies.
*
1985
The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1
** The Internet's Domain Name System is created.
** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a n ...
–
Ugo Vetere
Ugo Vetere (23 April 1924 – 2 April 2013) was an Italian Communist Party politician. He was born in Reggio Calabria. He became mayor of Rome in 1981, after the death of his predecessor and served until 1985. He served in the Chamber of Depu ...
, then the mayor of Rome, and
Chedli Klibi
Chedli Klibi (; September 6, 1925 – May 13, 2020) was a Tunisian politician. He was Secretary-General of the Arab League, and the only non-Egyptian to hold the post.
Early life
Klibi graduated with a Baccalaureat de l'Enseignement Secondaire ...
, then the mayor of
Carthage
Carthage was an ancient city in Northern Africa, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now Tunisia. Carthage was one of the most important trading hubs of the Ancient Mediterranean and one of the most affluent cities of the classic ...
, meet in
Tunis
Tunis (, ') is the capital city, capital and largest city of Tunisia. The greater metropolitan area of Tunis, often referred to as "Grand Tunis", has about 2,700,000 inhabitants. , it is the third-largest city in the Maghreb region (after Casabl ...
to sign a treaty of friendship officially ending the
Third Punic War
The Third Punic War (149–146 BC) was the third and last of the Punic Wars fought between Carthage and Rome. The war was fought entirely within Carthaginian territory, in what is now northern Tunisia. When the Second Punic War ended in 20 ...
which lasted 2,131 years.
*
1988
1988 was a crucial year in the early history of the Internet—it was the year of the first well-known computer virus, the Morris worm, 1988 Internet worm. The first permanent intercontinental Internet link was made between the United State ...
–
Manuel Noriega
Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno ( , ; February 11, 1934 – May 29, 2017) was a Panamanian dictator and military officer who was the ''de facto'' List of heads of state of Panama, ruler of Panama from 1983 to 1989. He never officially serv ...
is indicted on
drug smuggling
The illegal drug trade, drug trafficking, or narcotrafficking is a global black market dedicated to the cultivation, manufacture, distribution and sale of prohibited drugs. Most jurisdictions prohibit trade, except under license, of many types ...
and
money laundering
Money laundering is the process of illegally concealing the origin of money obtained from illicit activities (often known as dirty money) such as drug trafficking, sex work, terrorism, corruption, and embezzlement, and converting the funds i ...
charges.
*
1994
The year 1994 was designated as the " International Year of the Family" and the "International Year of Sport and the Olympic Ideal" by the United Nations.
In the Line Islands and Phoenix Islands of Kiribati, 1994 had only 364 days, omitti ...
–
Byron De La Beckwith
Byron De La Beckwith Jr. (November 9, 1920 – January 21, 2001) was an American white supremacist and member of the Ku Klux Klan who murdered civil rights leader Medgar Evers on June 12, 1963 in Jackson, Mississippi.
In 1964, he was tried tw ...
is convicted of the 1963 murder of
civil rights
Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' political freedom, freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals. They ensure one's entitlement to participate in the civil and ...
leader
Medgar Evers
Medgar Wiley Evers (; July 2, 1925June 12, 1963) was an American civil rights activist and soldier who was the NAACP's first field secretary in Mississippi. Evers, a United States Army veteran who served in World War II, was engaged in efforts ...
.
* 1994 –
Markale massacres
The Markale market shelling or Markale massacres were two separate bombardments, with at least one of them confirmed to have been carried out by the Army of Republika Srpska, targeting civilians during the siege of Sarajevo in the Bosnian War. ...
, more than 60 people are killed and some 200 wounded as a mortar shell explodes in a downtown marketplace in
Sarajevo
Sarajevo ( ), ; ''see Names of European cities in different languages (Q–T)#S, names in other languages'' is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 2 ...
.
*
1997
Events January
* January 1 – The Emergency Alert System is introduced in the United States.
* January 11 – Turkey threatens Cyprus on account of a deal to buy Russian S-300 missiles, prompting the Cypriot Missile Crisis.
* January 1 ...
– The so-called
Big Three banks in Switzerland announce the creation of a $71 million fund to aid
Holocaust
The Holocaust (), known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (), was the genocide of History of the Jews in Europe, European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy ...
survivors and their families.
*
2000
2000 was designated as the International Year for the Culture of Peace and the World Mathematics, Mathematical Year.
Popular culture holds the year 2000 as the first year of the 21st century and the 3rd millennium, because of a tende ...
– Russian forces
massacre
A massacre is an event of killing people who are not engaged in hostilities or are defenseless. It is generally used to describe a targeted killing of civilians Glossary of French words and expressions in English#En masse, en masse by an armed ...
at least 60 civilians in the Novye Aldi suburb of
Grozny
Grozny (, ; ) is the capital city of Chechnya, Russia.
The city lies on the Sunzha River. According to the 2021 Russian census, 2021 census, it had a population of 328,533 — up from 210,720 recorded in the 2002 Russian Census, 2002 ce ...
, Chechnya.
*2004 – Rebels from the National Revolutionary Front for the Liberation and Reconstruction of Haiti, Revolutionary Artibonite Resistance Front capture the city of Gonaïves, starting the 2004 Haitian coup d'état, 2004 Haiti rebellion.
*2008 – A 2008 Super Tuesday tornado outbreak, major tornado outbreak across the Southern United States kills 57.
*2016 – New Zealand politician Steven Joyce is Waitangi dildo incident, hit by a flung rubber dildo in a Waitangi Day protest.
*2019 – Pope Francis becomes the first Pope in history to visit and perform Papal Mass, papal mass in the Arabian Peninsula during his visit to Abu Dhabi.
*2020 – United States President Donald Trump is acquitted by the United States Senate in his First impeachment trial of Donald Trump, first impeachment trial.
*2020 – Pegasus Airlines Flight 2193 overshoots the runway at Sabiha Gökçen International Airport and crashes, killing three people and injuring 179.
*2021 – Police riot in Mexico City as they try to break up a demonstration by cyclists who were protesting after a bus ran over a bicyclist. Eleven police officers are arrested.
Births
Pre-1600
* 976 – Emperor Sanjō, Sanjō, emperor of Japan (died 1017)
*1321 – John II, Marquis of Montferrat, John II, marquess of Montferrat (died 1372)
*1438 – Philip II, Duke of Savoy, Philip II, duke of Savoy (died 1497)
*1505 – Aegidius Tschudi, Swiss statesman and historian (died 1572)
*1519 – René of Chalon, René of Châlon, prince of Orange (died 1544)
*1525 – Juraj Drašković, Croatian Catholic cardinal (died 1587)
*1533 – Andreas Dudith, Croatian-Hungarian nobleman and diplomat (died 1589)
*1534 – Giovanni de' Bardi, Italian soldier, composer, and critic (died 1612)
*1589 – Esteban Manuel de Villegas, Spanish poet and educator (died 1669)
*1594 – Biagio Marini, Italian violinist and composer (died 1663)
1601–1900
*1608 – Gaspar Schott, German mathematician and physicist (died 1666)
*1626 – Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné, French author (died 1696)
*1650 – Anne Jules de Noailles, French general (died 1708)
*1703 – Gilbert Tennent, Irish-American minister (died 1764)
*1723 – John Witherspoon, Scottish-American minister and academic (died 1794)
*1725 – James Otis Jr., American lawyer and politician (died 1783)
*1748 – Christian Gottlob Neefe, German composer and conductor (died 1798)
*1788 – Robert Peel, English lieutenant and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1850)
*1795 – Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger, Austrian mineralogist, geologist, and physicist (died 1871)
*1804 – Johan Ludvig Runeberg, Finnish poet and hymn-writer (died 1877)
*1808 – Carl Spitzweg, German painter and poet (died 1885)
*
1810
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Major-General Lachlan Macquarie officially becomes Governor of New South Wales.
* January 4 – Australian seal hunter Frederick Hasselborough discovers Campbell Island, in the Subantarctic.
* J ...
– Ole Bull, Norwegian violinist and composer (died 1880)
*1827 – Peter Lalor, Irish-Australian activist and politician (died 1889)
*1837 – Dwight L. Moody, American evangelist and publisher, founded Moody Church, Moody Bible Institute, and Moody Publishers (died 1899)
*1840 – John Boyd Dunlop, Scottish businessman, co-founded Dunlop Rubber (died 1921)
* 1840 – Hiram Maxim, American engineer, invented the Maxim gun (died 1916)
*1847 – Eduard Magnus Jakobson, Estonian missionary and engraver (died 1903)
*1848 – Joris-Karl Huysmans, French author and critic (died 1907)
* 1848 – Ignacio Carrera Pinto, Chilean lieutenant (died 1882)
*
1852
Events
January–March
* January 14 – President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic.
* January 15 – Nine men representing various Jewish charitable organizations come to ...
– Terauchi Masatake, Japanese field marshal and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Japan (died 1919)
*1866 – Domhnall Ua Buachalla, Irish politician, 3rd and last Governor-General of the Irish Free State (died 1963)
*1870 – C. E. Brock, Charles Edmund Brock, British painter and book illustrator (died 1938)
*1876 – Ernie McLea, Canadian ice hockey player (died 1931)
*1878 – André Citroën, French engineer and businessman, founded Citroën (died 1935)
*1880 – Gabriel Voisin, French pilot and engineer (died 1973)
*1889 – Patsy Hendren, English cricketer and footballer (died 1962)
* 1889 – Ernest Tyldesley, English cricketer (died 1962)
* 1889 – Recep Peker, Turkish officer and politician (died 1950)
*1891 – Renato Petronio, Italian rower (died 1976)
*1892 – Elizabeth Ryan, American tennis player (died 1979)
*1897 – Dirk Stikker, Dutch businessman and politician, 3rd Secretary General of NATO (died 1979)
*1900 – Adlai Stevenson II, American soldier, politician, and diplomat, 5th List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Nations, United States Ambassador to the United Nations (died 1965)
1901–present
*1903 – Koto Matsudaira, Japanese diplomat, ambassador to the United Nations (died 1994)
* 1903 – Joan Whitney Payson, American businesswoman and philanthropist (died 1975)
*1906 – John Carradine, American actor (died 1988)
*
1907
Events
January
* January 14 – 1907 Kingston earthquake: A 6.5 Moment magnitude scale, Mw earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica, kills between 800 and 1,000.
February
* February 9 – The "Mud March (suffragists), Mud March", the ...
– Birgit Dalland, Norwegian politician (died 2007)
* 1907 – Pierre Pflimlin, French politician, Prime Minister of France (died 2000)
*1908 – Marie Baron, Dutch swimmer and diver (died 1948)
* 1908 – Peg Entwistle, Welsh-American actress (died 1932)
* 1908 – Eugen Weidmann, German criminal (died 1939)
*1909 – Grażyna Bacewicz, Polish violinist and composer (died 1969)
*1910 – Charles Philippe Leblond, French-Canadian biologist and academic (died 2007)
* 1910 – Francisco Varallo, Argentinian footballer (died 2010)
*1911 – Jussi Björling, Swedish tenor (died 1960)
*1914 – William S. Burroughs, American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (died 1997)
* 1914 – Alan Hodgkin, Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, English physiologist, biophysicist, and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1998)
*1915 – Robert Hofstadter, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1990)
*
1917
Events
Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's ...
– Edward J. Mortola, American academic and president of Pace University (died 2002)
* 1917 – Isuzu Yamada, Japanese actress (died 2012)
*
1919
Events
January
* January 1
** The Czechoslovak Legions occupy much of the self-proclaimed "free city" of Pressburg (later Bratislava), enforcing its incorporation into the new republic of Czechoslovakia.
** HMY ''Iolaire'' sinks off th ...
– Red Buttons, American actor (died 2006)
* 1919 – Tim Holt, American actor (died 1973)
* 1919 – Andreas Papandreou, Greek economist and politician, Prime Minister of Greece (died 1996)
*1921 – Ken Adam, German-born English production designer and art director (died 2016)
*1923 – Claude King, American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2013)
* 1923 – James E. Bowman, American physician and academic (died 2011)
*
1924
Events
January
* January 12 – Gopinath Saha shoots Ernest Day, whom he has mistaken for Sir Charles Tegart, the police commissioner of Calcutta, and is arrested soon after.
* January 20–January 30, 30 – Kuomintang in Ch ...
– Duraisamy Simon Lourdusamy, Indian cardinal (died 2014)
*1927 – Robert Allen (song composer), Robert Allen, American pianist and composer (died 2000)
* 1927 – Jacob Veldhuyzen van Zanten, Dutch captain and pilot (died 1977)
*1928 – Hristu Cândroveanu, Romanian editor, literary critic and writer (died 2013)
* 1928 – Tage Danielsson, Swedish author, actor, and director (died 1985)
* 1928 – Andrew Greeley, American priest, sociologist, and author (died 2013)
* 1928 – P. J. Vatikiotis, Israeli-American historian and political scientist (died 1997)
*1929 – Hal Blaine, American session drummer (died 2019)
* 1929 – Luc Ferrari, French pianist and composer (died 2005)
* 1929 – Fred Sinowatz, Austrian politician, 19th Chancellor of Austria (died 2008)
*1932 – Cesare Maldini, Italian footballer and manager (died 2016)
*
1933
Events
January
* January 11 – Australian aviator Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand.
* January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independen ...
– Jörn Donner, Finnish director and screenwriter (died 2020)
* 1933 – B. S. Johnson, English author, poet, and critic (died 1973)
*1934 – Hank Aaron, American baseball player (died 2021)
* 1934 – Don Cherry (hockey), Don Cherry, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster
*1935 – Alex Harvey (musician), Alex Harvey, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 1982)
* 1935 – Johannes Geldenhuys, South African military commander (died 2018)
*1936 – K. S. Nissar Ahmed, Indian poet and academic (died 2020)
*1937 – Stuart Damon, American actor and singer (died 2021)
* 1937 – Larry Hillman, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (died 2022)
* 1937 – Gaston Roelants, Belgian runner
* 1937 – Alar Toomre, Estonian-American astronomer and mathematician
* 1937 – Wang Xuan (computer scientist), Wang Xuan, Chinese computer scientist and academic (died 2006)
*1938 – Rafael Nieto Navia, Colombian lawyer, jurist, and diplomat
*
1939
This year also marks the start of the World War II, Second World War, the largest and deadliest conflict in human history.
Events
Events related to World War II have a "WWII" prefix.
January
* January 1
** Coming into effect in Nazi Ger ...
– Brian Luckhurst, English cricketer (died 2005)
* 1939 – Jane Bryant Quinn, American financial journalist
*1940 – H. R. Giger, Swiss painter, sculptor, and set designer (died 2014)
* 1940 – Luke Graham (wrestler), Luke Graham, American wrestler (died 2006)
*
1941
The Correlates of War project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 3.49 million. However, the Uppsala Conflict Data Program estimates that the subsequent year, 1942, wa ...
– Stephen J. Cannell, American actor, producer, and screenwriter (died 2010)
* 1941 – Henson Cargill, American country music singer (died 2007)
* 1941 – David Selby, American actor and playwright
* 1941 – Barrett Strong, American soul singer-songwriter and pianist (died 2023)
* 1941 – Kaspar Villiger, Swiss engineer and politician, 85th List of presidents of the Swiss Confederation, President of the Swiss Confederation
*1942 – Roger Staubach, American football player, sportscaster, and businessman
*1943 – Nolan Bushnell, American engineer and businessman, founded Atari, Inc.
* 1943 – Michael Mann, American director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1943 – Craig Morton, American football player and sportscaster
* 1943 – Dušan Uhrin, Czech and Slovak footballer and manager
*1944 – J. R. Cobb, American guitarist and songwriter (died 2019)
* 1944 – Henfil, Brazilian journalist, author, and illustrator (died 1988)
* 1944 – Al Kooper, American singer-songwriter and producer
* 1944 – Tamanoumi Masahiro, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 51st Makuuchi#Yokozuna, Yokozuna (died 1971)
*
1945
1945 marked the end of World War II, the fall of Nazi Germany, and the Empire of Japan. It is also the year concentration camps were liberated and the only year in which atomic weapons have been used in combat.
Events
World War II will be ...
– Douglas Hogg, English lawyer and politician, Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
*1946 – Amnon Dankner, Israeli journalist and author (died 2013)
* 1946 – Charlotte Rampling, English actress
*1947 – Mary L. Cleave, American engineer and astronaut (died 2023)
* 1947 – Clemente Mastella, Italian politician, Italian Minister of Justice
* 1947 – Darrell Waltrip, American race car driver and sportscaster
*1948 – Sven-Göran Eriksson, Swedish footballer and manager (died 2024)
* 1948 – Christopher Guest, British-American actor and director
* 1948 – Barbara Hershey, American actress
* 1948 – Errol Morris, American director and producer
* 1948 – Tom Wilkinson, English actor (died 2023)
*1949 – Kurt Beck, German politician
* 1949 – Maidarjavyn Ganzorig, Mongolian cosmonaut and academic (died 2021)
* 1949 – Yvon Vallières, Canadian educator and politician
*1950 – Jonathan Freeman (actor), Jonathan Freeman, American actor and singer
* 1950 – Rafael Puente, Mexican footballer
*1951 – Nikolay Merkushkin, Mordovian engineer and politician, 1st Head of the Republic of Mordovia
*1952 – Daniel Balavoine, French singer-songwriter and producer (died 1986)
* 1952 – Vladimir Moskovkin, Ukrainian-Russian geographer, economist, and academic
*1953 – Freddie Aguilar, Filipino singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2025)
* 1953 – John Beilein, American basketball player and coach
* 1953 – Gustavo Benítez (footballer, born 1953), Gustavo Benítez, Paraguayan footballer and manager
*1954 – Cliff Martinez, American drummer and songwriter
* 1954 – Frank Walker (Australian author), Frank Walker, Australian journalist and author
*1955 – Mike Heath (baseball), Mike Heath, American baseball player and manager
*1956 – Vinnie Colaiuta, American drummer
* 1956 – Héctor Rebaque, Mexican race car driver
* 1956 – David Wiesner, American author and illustrator
* 1956 – Mao Daichi, Japanese actress
*1957 – Jüri Tamm, Estonian hammer thrower and politician (died 2021)
*1959 – Jennifer Granholm, Canadian-American lawyer and politician, 47th Governor of Michigan
*1960 – Aris Christofellis, Greek soprano and musicologist
* 1960 – Bonnie Crombie, Canadian businesswoman and politician, 6th List of mayors of Mississauga, Mayor of Mississauga
* 1960 – Micky Hazard, English footballer
*1961 – Savvas Kofidis, Greek footballer and manager
* 1961 – Tim Meadows, American actor and screenwriter
*
1962
The year saw the Cuban Missile Crisis, which is often considered the closest the world came to a Nuclear warfare, nuclear confrontation during the Cold War.
Events January
* January 1 – Samoa, Western Samoa becomes independent from Ne ...
– Jennifer Jason Leigh, American actress, screenwriter, producer and director
*
1963
Events January
* January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Cove ...
– Steven Shainberg, American film director and producer
*1964 – Laura Linney, American actress
* 1964 – Ha Seung-moo, Korean poet, pastor, historical theologian
* 1964 – Duff McKagan, American singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
*1965 – Tarik Benhabiles, Algerian-French tennis player and coach
* 1965 – Gheorghe Hagi, Romanian footballer and manager
* 1965 – Keith Moseley, American bass player and songwriter
* 1965 – Quique Sánchez Flores, Spanish footballer and manager
*1966 – José María Olazábal, Spanish golfer
* 1966 – Rok Petrovič, Slovenian skier (died 1993)
*
1967
Events January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 6 – Vietnam War: United States Marine Corps and Army of ...
– Chris Parnell, American actor and comedian
*1968 – Roberto Alomar, Puerto Rican-American baseball player and coach
* 1968 – Chris Barron, American rock singer
* 1968 – Marcus Grönholm, Finnish race car driver
*1969 – Bobby Brown, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actor
* 1969 – Michael Sheen, Welsh actor and director
* 1969 – Derek Stephen Prince, American voice actor
*1970 – Jean-Marc Jaumin, Belgian basketball player and coach
* 1970 – Darren Lehmann, Australian cricketer and coach
* 1970 – Jeremy Rockliff, Australian politician, 47th Premier of Tasmania
*
1971 *
The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (Solar eclipse of February 25, 1971, February 25, Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971, July 22 and Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 1971 lunar eclip ...
– Michel Breistroff, French ice hockey player (died 1996)
* 1971 – Sara Evans, American country singer
*1972 – Queen Mary of Denmark
* 1972 – Brad Fittler, Australian rugby league player, coach, and sportscaster
*1973 – Richard Matvichuk, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
* 1973 – Trijntje Oosterhuis, Dutch singer-songwriter
* 1973 – Luke Ricketson, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
*1974 – Michael Maguire (rugby league), Michael Maguire, Australian rugby league player and coach
*
1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 – Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
– Giovanni van Bronckhorst, Dutch footballer and manager
*1976 – John Aloisi, Australian footballer and manager
* 1976 – Abhishek Bachchan, Indian actor
*1977 – Ben Ainslie, English sailor
* 1977 – Adam Dykes, Australian rugby league player
* 1977 – Adam Everett, American baseball player and coach
*1978 – Brian Russell, American football player
* 1978 – Samuel Sánchez, Spanish cyclist
*1979 – Nate Holzapfel, American entrepreneur and television personality
*1980 – Brad Fitzpatrick, American programmer, created LiveJournal
* 1980 – Jo Swinson, Scottish politician
*
1981
Events January
* January 1
** Greece enters the European Economic Community, predecessor of the European Union.
** Palau becomes a self-governing territory.
* January 6 – A funeral service is held in West Germany for Nazi Grand Admiral ...
– Mia Hansen-Løve, French director and screenwriter
* 1981 – Loukas Vyntra, Czech-Greek footballer
*1982 – Laura del Río, Spanish footballer
* 1982 – Kevin Everett, American football player
* 1982 – Tomáš Kopecký, Slovak ice hockey player
* 1982 – Rodrigo Palacio, Argentinian footballer
*1983 – Anja Hammerseng-Edin, Norwegian handball player
*1984 – Carlos Tevez, Argentinian footballer
*
1985
The year 1985 was designated as the International Youth Year by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1
** The Internet's Domain Name System is created.
** Greenland withdraws from the European Economic Community as a result of a n ...
– Lloyd Johansson, Australian rugby player
* 1985 – Laurence Maroney, American football player
* 1985 – Paul Vandervort, American actor, film producer, and former model
* 1985 – Cristiano Ronaldo, Portuguese footballer
*1986 – Vedran Ćorluka, Croatian footballer
* 1986 – Kevin Gates, American rapper, singer, and entrepreneur
* 1986 – Sekope Kepu, Australian rugby player
* 1986 – Billy Sharp, English footballer
* 1986 – Reed Sorenson, American race car driver
* 1986 – Carlos Villanueva (Chilean footballer), Carlos Villanueva, Chilean footballer
*1987 – Darren Criss, American actor, singer, and entrepreneur
* 1987 – Curtis Jerrells, American basketball player
* 1987 – Alex Kuznetsov, Ukrainian-American tennis player
* 1987 – Linus Omark, Swedish ice hockey player
* 1987 – Donald Sanford (athlete), Donald Sanford, American-Israeli sprinter
*
1988
1988 was a crucial year in the early history of the Internet—it was the year of the first well-known computer virus, the Morris worm, 1988 Internet worm. The first permanent intercontinental Internet link was made between the United State ...
– Karin Ontiveros, Mexican model
*1989 – Marina Melnikova, Russian tennis player
* 1989 – Jeremy Sumpter, American actor
*1990 – Dmitry Andreikin, Russian chess player
* 1990 – Bhuvneshwar Kumar, Indian cricketer
* 1990 – Jordan Rhodes, Scottish footballer
*1991 – Nabil Bahoui, Swedish footballer
* 1991 – Gerald Tusha, Albanian footballer
*1992 – Stefan de Vrij, Dutch footballer
* 1992 – Neymar, Brazilian footballer
*1993 – Leilani Latu, Australian rugby league player
* 1993 – Ty Rattie, Canadian ice hockey player
*1995 – Adnan Januzaj, Belgian-Albanian footballer
*1996 – Stina Blackstenius, Swedish footballer
*
1997
Events January
* January 1 – The Emergency Alert System is introduced in the United States.
* January 11 – Turkey threatens Cyprus on account of a deal to buy Russian S-300 missiles, prompting the Cypriot Missile Crisis.
* January 1 ...
– Patrick Roberts, English footballer
*2001 – Kim Min-ju, South Korean actress
*2002 – Jisung, South Korean rapper
*2016 – Jigme Namgyel Wangchuck, Bhutanese prince
Deaths
Pre-1600
* 523 – Avitus of Vienne, Gallo-Roman bishop
* 994 – William IV, Duke of Aquitaine, William IV, duke of Aquitaine (born 937)
*1015 – Adelaide, Abbess of Vilich, Adelaide, German abbess and saint
*1036 – Alfred Aetheling, Anglo-Saxon prince
*1146 – Zafadola, Arab emir of Zaragoza
*1578 – Giovanni Battista Moroni, Italian painter (born 1520)
1601–1900
*1661 – Shunzhi Emperor, Shunzhi, Chinese emperor of the Qing dynasty, Qing Dynasty (born 1638)
*1705 – Philipp Spener, German theologian and author (born 1635)
*1751 – Henri François d'Aguesseau, French jurist and politician, Chancellor of France (born 1668)
*1754 – Nicolaas Kruik, Dutch astronomer and cartographer (born 1678)
*1766 – Leopold Joseph von Daun, Count Leopold Joseph von Daun, Austrian field marshal (born 1705)
*1775 – Eusebius Amort, German theologian and academic (born 1692)
*1790 – William Cullen, Scottish physician and chemist (born 1710)
*1807 – Pasquale Paoli, Corsican commander and politician (born 1725)
*
1818
Events
January–March
* January 1
** Battle of Koregaon: Troops of the British East India Company score a decisive victory over the Maratha Confederacy, Maratha Empire.
** English author Mary Shelley publishes the novel ''Frankenstein ...
– Charles XIII, king of Sweden (born 1748)
*1881 – Thomas Carlyle, Scottish philosopher, historian, and academic (born 1795)
*1882 – Adolfo Rivadeneyra, Spanish orientalist and diplomat (born 1841)
*1892 – Emilie Flygare-Carlén, Swedish author (born 1807)
1901–present
*1915 – Ross Barnes, American baseball player and manager (born 1850)
*
1917
Events
Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix.
January
* January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force's ...
– Jaber II Al-Sabah, Kuwaiti ruler (born 1860)
*1922 – Slavoljub Eduard Penkala, Croatian engineer, invented the mechanical pencil (born 1871)
*1927 – Inayat Khan, Indian mystic and educator (born 1882)
*1931 – Athanasios Eftaxias, Greek politician, 118th Prime Minister of Greece (born 1849)
*
1933
Events
January
* January 11 – Australian aviator Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand.
* January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independen ...
– Josiah Thomas (politician), Josiah Thomas, English-Australian miner and politician (born 1863)
*1937 – Lou Andreas-Salomé, Russian-German psychoanalyst and author (born 1861)
*1938 – Hans Litten, German lawyer and jurist (born 1903)
*
1941
The Correlates of War project estimates this to be the deadliest year in human history in terms of conflict deaths, placing the death toll at 3.49 million. However, the Uppsala Conflict Data Program estimates that the subsequent year, 1942, wa ...
– Banjo Paterson, Australian journalist, author, and poet (born 1864)
* 1941 – Otto Strandman, Estonian lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Estonia (born 1875)
*1946 – George Arliss, English actor and playwright (born 1868)
*1948 – Johannes Blaskowitz, German general (born 1883)
*1952 – Adela Verne, English pianist and composer (born 1877)
*1954 – Hossein Sami'i, Iranian politician, diplomat, writer and poet (born 1876)
*1955 – Victor Houteff, Bulgarian religious reformer and author (born 1885)
*1957 – Sami Ibrahim Haddad, Lebanese surgeon and author (born 1890)
*
1962
The year saw the Cuban Missile Crisis, which is often considered the closest the world came to a Nuclear warfare, nuclear confrontation during the Cold War.
Events January
* January 1 – Samoa, Western Samoa becomes independent from Ne ...
– Jacques Ibert, French-Swiss composer (born 1890)
*
1967
Events January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 6 – Vietnam War: United States Marine Corps and Army of ...
– Leon Leonwood Bean, American businessman, founded L.L.Bean (born 1872)
*1969 – Thelma Ritter, American actress (born 1902)
*1970 – Rudy York, American baseball player, coach, and manager (born 1913)
*1972 – Marianne Moore, American poet, author, critic, and translator (born 1887)
*1976 – Rudy Pompilli, American saxophonist (Bill Haley & His Comets) (born 1926)
*1977 – Oskar Klein, Swedish physicist and academic (born 1894)
*
1981
Events January
* January 1
** Greece enters the European Economic Community, predecessor of the European Union.
** Palau becomes a self-governing territory.
* January 6 – A funeral service is held in West Germany for Nazi Grand Admiral ...
– Ella Grasso, American politician, 83rd List of governors of Connecticut, Governor of Connecticut (born 1919)
*1982 – Neil Aggett, Kenyan-South African physician and union leader (born 1953)
*1983 – Margaret Oakley Dayhoff, American chemist and academic (born 1925)
*1987 – William Collier Jr., American actor and producer (born 1902)
*1989 – Joe Raposo, American pianist and composer (born 1937)
*1991 – Dean Jagger, American actor (born 1903)
*1992 – Miguel Rolando Covian, Argentinian-Brazilian physiologist and academic (born 1913)
*1993 – Seán Flanagan, Irish footballer and politician, 7th Minister for Health (Ireland), Irish Minister for Health (born 1922)
* 1993 – Joseph L. Mankiewicz, American director, producer, and screenwriter (born 1909)
* 1993 – William Pène du Bois, American author and illustrator (born 1916)
*1995 – Doug McClure, American actor (born 1935)
*
1997
Events January
* January 1 – The Emergency Alert System is introduced in the United States.
* January 11 – Turkey threatens Cyprus on account of a deal to buy Russian S-300 missiles, prompting the Cypriot Missile Crisis.
* January 1 ...
– Pamela Harriman, English-American diplomat, 58th List of ambassadors of the United States to France, United States Ambassador to France (born 1920)
* 1997 – René Huyghe, French historian and author (born 1906)
*1998 – Tim Kelly (musician), Tim Kelly, American guitarist (born 1963)
*1999 – Wassily Leontief, Russian-American economist and academic, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1906)
*
2000
2000 was designated as the International Year for the Culture of Peace and the World Mathematics, Mathematical Year.
Popular culture holds the year 2000 as the first year of the 21st century and the 3rd millennium, because of a tende ...
– Claude Autant-Lara, French director and screenwriter (born 1901)
*2004 – John Hench, American animator (born 1908)
*2005 – Gnassingbé Eyadéma, Togolese general and politician, List of presidents of Togo, President of Togo (born 1937)
* 2005 – Michalina Wisłocka, Polish gynecologist and sexologist (born 1921)
*2006 – Norma Candal, Puerto Rican-American actress (born 1927)
*2007 – Leo T. McCarthy, New Zealand-American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 43rd Lieutenant Governor of California (born 1930)
*2008 – Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, Indian guru, founded Transcendental Meditation (born 1918)
*2010 – Brendan Burke, Canadian ice hockey player and activist (born 1988)
* 2010 – Harry Schwarz, South African lawyer, anti-apartheid leader, and diplomat, 13th List of ambassadors of South Africa to the United States, South Africa Ambassador to United States (born 1924)
*2011 – Brian Jacques, English author and radio host (born 1939)
* 2011 – Peggy Rea, American actress and casting director (born 1921)
*2012 – Sam Coppola, American actor (born 1932)
* 2012 – Al De Lory, American keyboard player, conductor, and producer (born 1930)
* 2012 – John Turner Sargent Sr., American publisher (born 1924)
* 2012 – Jo Zwaan, Dutch sprinter (born 1922)
*2013 – Reinaldo Gargano, Uruguayan journalist and politician, List of Ministers of Foreign Relations of Uruguay, Minister of Foreign Affairs for Uruguay (born 1934)
* 2013 – Egil Hovland, Norwegian composer and conductor (born 1924)
* 2013 – Tom McGuigan, New Zealand soldier and politician, 23rd Minister of Health (New Zealand), New Zealand Minister of Health (born 1921)
*2014 – Robert Dahl, American political scientist and academic (born 1915)
*2015 – K. N. Choksy, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, Minister of Finance (Sri Lanka), Minister of Finance of Sri Lanka (born 1933)
* 2015 – Marisa Del Frate, Italian actress and singer (born 1931)
* 2015 – Val Logsdon Fitch, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1923)
* 2015 – Herman Rosenblat, Polish-American author (born 1929)
*2016 – Ciriaco Cañete, Filipino martial artist (born 1919)
*2020 – Kirk Douglas, American actor (born 1916)
*2021 – Christopher Plummer, Canadian actor (born 1929)
*2023 – Pervez Musharraf, Pakistani military officer and politician, 10th President of Pakistan (born 1943)
*2024 – Toby Keith, American country singer (born 1961)
*2025 – Irv Gotti, American record producer, co-founded Murder Inc Records (born 1970)
Holidays and observances
* Christian Calendar of saints, feast day:
** Adelaide, Abbess of Vilich, Adelaide of Vilich
** Agatha of Sicily
** Avitus of Vienne
** Bertulf of Renty, Bertulf (Bertoul) of Renty
** Ingenuinus, Ingenuinus (Jenewein)
** Roger Williams, Anne Hutchinson (Episcopal Church (United States))
** 26 Martyrs of Japan (in Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and Anglican Church in Japan)
** February 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
* Kashmir Solidarity Day (Pakistan)
* Runeberg Day (Finland)
References
Sources
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External links
BBC: On This Day*
Historical Events on February 5
{{months
Days of February