The list below includes all entities falling even partially under any of the
various common definitions of
Europe, geographical or political. Fifty generally recognised sovereign states, Kosovo with limited, but substantial, international recognition, and seven largely unrecognised
''de facto'' states with limited to no recognition have territory in Europe and/or membership in international European organisations. There are eight entities that are not integral parts of a European state or have special political arrangements.
Boundary of Europe
Geographical
Under the commonly used geographic definition, the
boundary between the continents of Asia and Europe stretches along the
Ural Mountains, the
Ural River, and the
Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, often described as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. An endorheic basin, it lies between Europe and Asia; east of the Caucasus, west of the broad steppe of Central Asi ...
in the east, the
Greater Caucasus range, and the
Black Sea with its outlets, the
Bosporus
The Bosporus Strait (; grc, Βόσπορος ; tr, İstanbul Boğazı 'Istanbul strait', colloquially ''Boğaz'') or Bosphorus Strait is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Istanbul in northwestern Tu ...
and the
Dardanelles, in the south.
Based on such a commonly used division of the continents, the
transcontinental countries of
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of t ...
,
Georgia
Georgia most commonly refers to:
* Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States
Georgia may also refer to:
Places
Historical states and entities
* Related to the ...
,
Kazakhstan,
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eight ...
, and
Turkey have territory in both Asia and Europe.
The island of
Cyprus in
Western Asia
Western Asia, West Asia, or Southwest Asia, is the westernmost subregion of the larger geographical region of Asia, as defined by some academics, UN bodies and other institutions. It is almost entirely a part of the Middle East, and includes Ana ...
is close to
Anatolia (or Asia Minor) but is often considered to be a part of Europe and is a current member of the
European Union. Like Cyprus,
Armenia
Armenia (), , group=pron officially the Republic of Armenia,, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia.The UNbr>classification of world regions places Armenia in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook , , and ''Ox ...
is also entirely in Western Asia but is a member of several European organisations.
Although the Mediterranean Sea provides a clearer divide between Africa and Europe, some traditionally European islands such as
Malta
Malta ( , , ), officially the Republic of Malta ( mt, Repubblika ta' Malta ), is an island country in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of an archipelago, between Italy and Libya, and is often considered a part of Southern Europe. It lies ...
,
Pantelleria, the
Pelagie Islands, and
Sicily are actually located on the
African Plate
The African Plate is a major tectonic plate that includes much of the continent of Africa (except for its easternmost part) and the adjacent oceanic crust to the west and south. It is bounded by the North American Plate and South American Plat ...
. The island of
Iceland is part of the
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is a mid-ocean ridge (a divergent or constructive plate boundary) located along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean, and part of the longest mountain range in the world. In the North Atlantic, the ridge separates the North Ame ...
, straddling the
Eurasian Plate and the
North American Plate.
Some territories which are geographically outside of Europe have strong connections with European states.
Greenland, for example, has socio-political connections with Europe and is part of the
Kingdom of Denmark but is located closer to the continent of North America and is usually grouped with that continent.
Other territories are part of European countries but are geographically located on other continents, such as the
French overseas regions, the Spanish
autonomous cities of
Ceuta and
Melilla on the coast of Africa, and the Dutch
BES islands
)
, image_map = BES islands location map.svg
, map_caption = Location of the Caribbean Netherlands (green and circled). From left to right: Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius
, elevation_max_m = 887
, elevation_max_footnotes =
, demographics ...
of
Bonaire
Bonaire (; , ; pap, Boneiru, , almost pronounced ) is a Dutch island in the Leeward Antilles in the Caribbean Sea. Its capital is the port of Kralendijk, on the west (leeward) coast of the island. Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao form the ABC isla ...
,
Sint Eustatius, and
Saba in the
Caribbean
The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is a region of the Americas that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean S ...
.
Political
The political boundaries of Europe vary with the definition of Europe that is used by different political organizations. For instance, the
Council of Europe
The Council of Europe (CoE; french: Conseil de l'Europe, ) is an international organisation founded in the wake of World War II to uphold human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe. Founded in 1949, it has 46 member states, with a ...
and the
European Court of Human Rights include 47 countries in their definition of Europe. The
European Higher Education Area
The European Higher Education Area (EHEA) was launched in March 2010, during the Budapest-Vienna Ministerial Conference, on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the Bologna Process.
As the main objective of the Bologna Process since its ince ...
includes 48 countries, and the
European Cultural Convention
The European Cultural Convention is an international Council of Europe's treaty to strengthen, deepen and further develop a European culture, by using local culture as a starting point. Setting common goals and a plan of action to reach an int ...
and the
European Olympic Committees
The European Olympic Committees is an organisation based in Rome, Italy, consisting of 50 National Olympic Committees from the continent of Europe.EOC members include transcontinental countries Turkey and the Russian Federation, as well as Israel ...
include 50 countries in their definitions.
Sovereign states
A
sovereign state is a political association with effective
sovereignty over a population for whom it makes decisions in the national interest. According to the
Montevideo Convention, a state must have a permanent population, a defined territory, a government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other states.
UN member states and UNGA non-member observer state
There are 50 sovereign states with territory located within the common definition of Europe and/or membership in international European organisations that are almost universally recognized internationally. All are either member states of the
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizi ...
or non-member observer states at the
United Nations General Assembly (UNGA), and all except Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Vatican City are members of the
Council of Europe
The Council of Europe (CoE; french: Conseil de l'Europe, ) is an international organisation founded in the wake of World War II to uphold human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe. Founded in 1949, it has 46 member states, with a ...
. 44 countries have their capital city located within Europe, and (as of 2022) 27 of those countries are
member states of the European Union, which means that they are highly integrated with one another and share their sovereignty through
EU institutions.
Each entry in the list below has a map of its location in Europe. Territory in Europe is shown in dark-green; territory not geographically in Europe is shown in a lighter shade of green. The lightest shade of green represents other states in the EU and is shown on the maps of all territories within the EU.
}
,
Tirana sq, Tiranë
,
,
,
Albanian lek
The lek (; indefinite singular ''lek'', definite plural ''lekët'', indefinite plural ''lekë''; sign: Lekë in Albanian or Lek in English, sometimes L; code: ALL) is the currency of Albania. Historically, it was subdivided 100 ''qintars'' (; ...
, -
,
,
,
Andorra
, image_flag = Flag of Andorra.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Andorra.svg
, symbol_type = Coat of arms
, national_motto = la, Virtus Unita Fortior, label=none (Latin)"United virtue is stro ...
Principality of Andorra
AND
, ca, Andorra – Principat d'Andorra
,
Andorra la Vella
Andorra la Vella french: Andorre-la-Vieille is the capital of the Principality of Andorra. It is located high in the east Pyrenees, between France and Spain. It is also the name of the parish that surrounds the capital.
, the city has a p ...
ca, Andorra la Vella
,
,
,
Euro
, -
,
,
,
Armenia
Armenia (), , group=pron officially the Republic of Armenia,, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia.The UNbr>classification of world regions places Armenia in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook , , and ''Ox ...
Republic of Armenia
ARM
, hy, Հայաստան – Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն
(')
,
Yerevan hy, Երևան
(')
,
,
,
Armenian dram
The dram ( hy, դրամ; sign: ֏; abbreviation: դր.; ISO code: AMD) is the currency of Armenia, and is also used in the neighboring unrecognized Republic of Artsakh. It was historically subdivided into 100 luma (). The Central Bank of Arme ...
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous c ...
*
Republic of Austria
AUT
, german: Österreich – Republik Österreich
,
Viennagerman: Wien
,
,
,
Euro
, -
,
,
,
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of t ...
Republic of Azerbaijan
AZE
, az, Azǝrbaycan – Azǝrbaycan Respublikası
,
Baku
Baku (, ; az, Bakı ) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. Baku is located below sea level, which makes it the lowest lying national capital in the world ...
az, Bakı
,
,
,
Azerbaijani manat
The manat (ISO 4217, ISO code: AZN; Currency symbol, sign: ₼; abbreviation: m) is the currency of Azerbaijan. It is subdivided into 100 ''gapiks''.
The first iteration of the currency happened in the times of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic ...
, -
,
,
,
BelarusRepublic of Belarus
BLR
, be, Беларусь – Рэспубліка Беларусь
(')russian: Беларусь – Республика Беларусь
(')
,
Minsk be, Мінск
(')russian: Минск
(')
,
,
,
Belarusian rubel
The ruble ( be, рубель ''rubeĺ’''; Abbreviation: Rbl (plural: Rbls); ISO code: BYN) is the currency of Belarus. It is also known as the rubel, or in Commonwealth English as the rouble. The ruble is subdivided into 100 copecks (sometim ...
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Belgium*
Kingdom of Belgium
BEL
, nl, België – Koninkrijk België
french: Belgique – Royaume de Belgique
german: Belgien – Königreich Belgien
,
Brussels
Brussels (french: Bruxelles or ; nl, Brussel ), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (french: link=no, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; nl, link=no, Bruss ...
nl, Brussel
french: Bruxelles
german: Brüssel
,
,
,
Euro
, -
,
,
,
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and He ...
BIH
,
Bosnian: ''Bosna i Hercegovina''
Croatian: ''Bosna i Hercegovina''
Serbian: Босна и Херцеговина
,
Sarajevo Bosnian: ''Sarajevo''
Croatian: ''Sarajevo''
Serbian: Сарајево
,
,
,
Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible marka
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Bulgaria
Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Maced ...
*
Republic of Bulgaria
BGR
, bg, България – Република България
(')
,
Sofia bg, София
(')
,
,
,
Bulgarian lev
The lev ( bg, лев, plural: / , ; ISO 4217 code: BGN; numeric code: 975) is the currency of Bulgaria. In old Bulgarian the word "lev" meant "lion", the word 'lion' in the modern language is ''lаv'' (; in Bulgarian: ). The lev is divided in 10 ...
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Croatia*
Republic of Croatia
HRV
, hr, Hrvatska – Republika Hrvatska
,
Zagreb hr, Zagreb
,
,
,
Croatian kuna
The kuna is the currency of Croatia, in use since 1994 (sign: kn; code: HRK). It is subdivided into 100 lipa. The kuna is issued by the Croatian National Bank and the coins are minted by the Croatian Mint. The plural form of the word kuna in C ...
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Cyprus*
Republic of Cyprus
CYP
, el, Κύπρος – Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία
(') tr, Kıbrıs – Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti
,
Nicosia
Nicosia ( ; el, Λευκωσία, Lefkosía ; tr, Lefkoşa ; hy, Նիկոսիա, Romanization of Armenian, romanized: ''Nikosia''; Cypriot Arabic: Nikusiya) is the largest city, Capital city, capital, and seat of government of Cyprus. It is ...
el, Λευκωσία
(') tr, Lefkoşa
,
,
,
Euro
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
, Czechia*
Czech RepublicCZE
, cs, Česko – Česká republika
,
Prague cs, Praha
,
,
,
Czech koruna
The koruna, or crown, (sign: Kč; code: CZK, cs, koruna česká) has been the currency of the Czech Republic since 1993. The koruna is one of the European Union's 9 currencies, and the Czech Republic is legally bound to adopt the euro curre ...
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Denmark*
Kingdom of Denmark
DNK
, da, Danmark – Kongeriget Danmark
,
Copenhagen da, København
,
,
,
Danish krone
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Estonia*
Republic of Estonia
EST
, et, Eesti – Eesti Vabariik
,
Tallinn et, Tallinn
,
,
,
Euro
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Finland*
Republic of Finland
FIN
, fi, Suomi – Suomen tasavalta
sv, Finland – Republiken Finland
,
Helsinki fi, Helsinki
sv, Helsingfors
,
,
,
Euro
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
France*
French Republic
FRA
, french: France – République française
,
Parisfrench: Paris
,
,
,
Euro
, -
,
,
,
Georgia
Georgia most commonly refers to:
* Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States
Georgia may also refer to:
Places
Historical states and entities
* Related to the ...
GEO
, ka, საქართველო
(')
,
Tbilisi / T'bilisi
ka, თბილისი
(')
,
,
,
Georgian lari
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Germany*
Federal Republic of Germany
DEU
, german: Deutschland – Bundesrepublik Deutschland
,
Berlingerman: Berlin
,
,
,
Euro
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Greece*
Hellenic Republic
GRC
, el, Ελλάδα – Ελληνική Δημοκρατία
(')
,
Athens el, Αθήνα
(')
,
,
,
Euro
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Hungary*
HUN
, hu, Magyarország
,
Budapest
Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population o ...
hu, Budapest
,
,
,
Hungarian forint
, -
,
,
,
IcelandISL
, is, Ísland – Lýðveldið Ísland
,
Reykjavík is, Reykjavík
,
,
,
Icelandic króna
The króna or krona (sometimes called Icelandic crown; sign: kr; code: ISK) is the currency of Iceland. Iceland is the second-smallest country by population, after the Seychelles, to have its own currency and monetary policy.
Name
Like the ...
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Ireland*
IRL
, en, Ireland
ga, Éire
,
Dublin ga, Baile Átha Cliath
,
,
,
Euro
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Italy*
Italian Republic
ITA
, it, Italia – Repubblica Italiana
,
Rome it, Roma
,
,
,
Euro
, -
,
,
,
KazakhstanRepublic of Kazakhstan
KAZ
, kk, Қазақстан – Қазақстан Республикасы
(')russian: Казахстан – Республика Казахстан
(')
,
Astana
Astana, previously known as Akmolinsk, Tselinograd, Akmola, and most recently Nur-Sultan, is the capital city of Kazakhstan.
The city lies on the banks of the Ishim River in the north-central part of Kazakhstan, within the Akmola Region, thou ...
kk, Астана
(')russian: Астана
(')
,
,
,
Kazakhstani tenge
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Latvia*
Republic of Latvia
LVA
, lv, Latvija – Latvijas Republika
,
Riga lv, Rīga
,
,
,
Euro
, -
,
,
,
LiechtensteinPrincipality of Liechtenstein
LIE
, german: Liechtenstein – Fürstentum Liechtenstein
,
Vaduz
Vaduz ( or , High Alemannic pronunciation: [])Hans Stricker, Toni Banzer, Herbert Hilbe: ''Liechtensteiner Namenbuch. Die Orts- und Flurnamen des Fürstentums Liechtenstein.'' Band 2: ''Die Namen der Gemeinden Triesenberg, Vaduz, Schaan.'' Hrsg. ...
german: Vaduz
,
,
,
Liechtenstein franc
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Lithuania*
Republic of Lithuania
LTU
, lt, Lietuva – Lietuvos Respublika
,
Vilnius lt, Vilnius
,
,
,
Euro
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Luxembourg*
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
LUX
, german: Luxemburg – Großherzogtum Luxemburg
french: Luxembourg – Grand-Duché de Luxembourg
lb, Lëtzebuerg - Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg
,
Luxembourggerman: Luxemburg
french: Luxembourg
lb, Lëtzebuerg
,
,
,
Euro
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Malta
Malta ( , , ), officially the Republic of Malta ( mt, Repubblika ta' Malta ), is an island country in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of an archipelago, between Italy and Libya, and is often considered a part of Southern Europe. It lies ...
*
Republic of Malta
MLT
, en, Malta – Republic of Malta
mt, Malta – Repubblika ta' Malta
,
Valletta
Valletta (, mt, il-Belt Valletta, ) is an administrative unit and capital of Malta. Located on the main island, between Marsamxett Harbour to the west and the Grand Harbour to the east, its population within administrative limits in 2014 wa ...
mt, Valletta
,
,
,
Euro
, -
,
,
,
Moldova
Moldova ( , ; ), officially the Republic of Moldova ( ro, Republica Moldova), is a Landlocked country, landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. The List of states ...
Republic of Moldova
MDA
, ro, Moldova – Republica Moldova
,
Chișinău ro, Chișinău
,
,
,
Moldovan leu
, -
,
,
,
MonacoPrincipality of Monaco
MCO
, french: Monaco – Principauté de Monaco
, Monaco
french: Monaco
,
,
,
Euro
, -
,
,
,
MontenegroMNE
, cnr, Црна Гора
(')
,
Podgorica cnr, Подгорица
(')
,
,
,
Euro
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Netherlands*
Kingdom of the NetherlandsNLD
, nl, Nederland – Koninkrijk der Nederlanden
,
Amsterdam (capital)
nl, Amsterdam
The Hague (seat of government)
nl, 's-Gravenhage / Den Haag
,
,
,
Euro
, -
,
,
,
North MacedoniaRepublic of North Macedonia
MKD
, mk, Северна Македонија – Република Северна Македонија
(')
,
Skopje mk, Скопје
(')
,
,
,
Macedonian denar
The denar ( mk, денар; paucal: denari / денари; abbreviation: ден (Cyrillic) or DEN ( Latin), ISO code: MKD) is the currency of North Macedonia. Though subdivided into one hundred deni (), coins with a denomination of less than o ...
, -
,
,
,
NorwayKingdom of Norway
NOR
, nb, Norge – Kongeriket Norge
nn, Noreg – Kongeriket Noreg
,
Oslo no, Oslo
,
,
,
Norwegian krone
The krone (, abbreviation: kr (also NKr for distinction); code: NOK), plural ''kroner'', is currency of the Kingdom of Norway (including Svalbard). Traditionally known as the Norwegian crown in English. It is nominally subdivided into 100 ''ør ...
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Poland*
Republic of Poland
POL
, pl, Polska – Rzeczpospolita Polska
,
Warsaw pl, Warszawa
,
,
,
Polish złoty
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Portugal*
Portuguese Republic
PRT
, pt, Portugal – República Portuguesa
,
Lisbon pt, Lisboa
,
,
,
Euro
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Romania*
ROU
, ro, România
,
Bucharest
Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...
ro, București
,
,
,
Romanian leu
, -
,
,
,
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eight ...
Russian Federation
RUS
, russian: Россия – Российская Федерация
(')
,
Moscowrussian: Москва
(')
,
,
,
Russian ruble
''hum''; cv, тенкĕ ''tenke''; kv, шайт ''shayt''; Lak: къуруш ''k'urush''; Mari: теҥге ''tenge''; os, сом ''som''; tt-Cyrl, сум ''sum''; udm, манет ''manet''; sah, солкуобай ''solkuobay''
, name_ab ...
, -
,
,
,
San MarinoRepublic of San Marino
SMR
, it, San Marino – Repubblica di San Marino
,
San Marino it, San Marino
,
,
,
Euro
, -
,
,
,
SerbiaRepublic of Serbia
SRB
, sr, Србија – Република Србија
(')
,
Belgrade
Belgrade ( , ;, ; names in other languages) is the capital and largest city in Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and the crossroads of the Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. Nearly 1,166,763 m ...
sr, Београд
(')
,
,
,
Serbian dinar
The dinar ( sr-Cyrl, динар, ; paucal: dinara / динара; Currency symbol, abbreviation: DIN (Gaj's Latin alphabet, Latin) and дин (Serbian Cyrillic alphabet, Cyrillic); ISO 4217, code: RSD) is the currency of Serbia. One dinar is subd ...
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Slovakia*
Slovak Republic
SVK
, sk, Slovensko – Slovenská republika
,
Bratislava
Bratislava (, also ; ; german: Preßburg/Pressburg ; hu, Pozsony) is the capital and largest city of Slovakia. Officially, the population of the city is about 475,000; however, it is estimated to be more than 660,000 — approximately 140% of ...
sk, Bratislava
,
,
,
Euro
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Slovenia*
Republic of Slovenia
SVN
, sl, Slovenija – Republika Slovenija
,
Ljubljana sl, Ljubljana
,
,
,
Euro
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Spain*
Kingdom of Spain
ESP
, es, España – Reino de España
,
Madrid es, Madrid
,
,
,
Euro
, - style="background:lightcyan;"
,
,
,
Sweden*
Kingdom of Sweden
SWE
, sv, Sverige – Konungariket Sverige
,
Stockholm sv, Stockholm
,
,
,
Swedish krona
, -
,
,
,
SwitzerlandSwiss Confederation
CHE
, german: Schweiz – Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
french: Suisse – Confédération suisse
it, Svizzera – Confederazione Svizzera
rm, Svizra – Confederaziun svizra
,
Bern
german: Berner(in)french: Bernois(e) it, bernese
, neighboring_municipalities = Bremgarten bei Bern, Frauenkappelen, Ittigen, Kirchlindach, Köniz, Mühleberg, Muri bei Bern, Neuenegg, Ostermundigen, Wohlen bei Bern, Zollikofen
, websit ...
/ Berne
german: Bern
french: Berne
Italian
Italian(s) may refer to:
* Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries
** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom
** Italian language, a Romance language
*** Regional It ...
and
Romansh: ''Berna''
,
,
,
Swiss franc
The Swiss franc is the currency and legal tender of Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It is also legal tender in the Italian exclave of Campione d'Italia which is surrounded by Swiss territory. The Swiss National Bank (SNB) issues banknotes and the fe ...
, -
,
,
,
TurkeyRepublic of Turkey
TUR
, tr, Türkiye – Türkiye Cumhuriyeti
,
Ankara
Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, mak ...
tr, Ankara
,
,
,
Turkish lira
, -
,
,
,
UkraineUKR
, uk, Украïна
(')
,
Kyiv uk, Київ
(')
,
,
,
Ukrainian hryvnia
, -
,
,
,
United KingdomUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
GBR
, en, United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
,
London
,
,
,
Pound sterling
, -
,
,
,
Vatican CityVatican City State
VAT
, it, Città del Vaticano – Stato della Città del Vaticano
la, Status Civitatis Vaticanae
, Vatican City
it, Città del Vaticano
,
,
,
Euro
De facto states
The following six entities in Europe have partial
diplomatic recognition by one or more
UN member states
The United Nations member states are the sovereign states that are members of the United Nations (UN) and have equal representation in the UN General Assembly. The UN is the world's largest intergovernmental organization.
The criter ...
(and therefore are defined as states by the
constitutive theory of statehood) or have no diplomatic recognition by any UN member state but are defined as states by the
declarative theory of statehood
A sovereign state or sovereign country, is a political entity represented by one central government that has supreme legitimate authority over territory. International law defines sovereign states as having a permanent population, defined terr ...
. None are members of the UN, Council of Europe or EU.
}
(')russian: Абхазия - Республика Абхазия
(')
,
Sukhumi ab, Аҟəа
(')russian: Суху́м(и)
(')
, 250,000
,
, -
,
,
,
ArtsakhRepublic of Artsakh
, Claimed as
part of
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of t ...
. De facto independent state,
[ recognised by 3 non-UN states.
, hy, Արցախի Հանրապետություն (')
, Stepanakert]
hy, Ստեփանակերտ (')
, 141,400
,
, -
,
,
, Kosovo
Republic of Kosovo
, Claimed by Serbia. Has been recognized as sovereign by 97 UN member states.
, sq, Kosova / Kosovë – Republika e Kosovës
sr, Косово – Република Косово (')
, Pristina
sq, Prishtina, Prishtinë
sr, Приштина (')
, 1,836,529
,
, -
,
,
, Northern Cyprus
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
, Claimed as part of the Republic of Cyprus. Recognised by Turkey.
, tr, Kuzey Kıbrıs – Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti
, North Nicosia
tr, Lefkoşa
, 294,906
,
, -
,
,
, South Ossetia
South Ossetia, ka, სამხრეთი ოსეთი, ( , ), officially the Republic of South Ossetia – the State of Alania, is a international recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, partially recognised Landlocked country, ...
Republic of South Ossetia
, Claimed as part of Georgia
Georgia most commonly refers to:
* Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States
Georgia may also refer to:
Places
Historical states and entities
* Related to the ...
. Recognised by five UN member states.[
, os, Хуссар Ирыстон – Республикӕ Хуссар Ирыстон (')]
russian: Южная Осетия – Республика Южная Осетия (')
, Tskhinvali
Tskhinvali ( ka, ცხინვალი ) or Tskhinval ( os, Цхинвал, Чъреба, Tskhinval, Chreba, ; rus, Цхинва́л(и), r=Tskhinvál(i), ) is the capital of the disputed ''de facto'' independent Republic of South Ossetia, int ...
os, Цхинвал or Чъреба (')
russian: Цхинва́л(и) (')
, 70,000
,
, -
,
,
, Transnistria / Trans-Dniester
Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic
, Claimed as a Administrative divisions of Moldova, territorial unit of Moldova
Moldova ( , ; ), officially the Republic of Moldova ( ro, Republica Moldova), is a Landlocked country, landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. The List of states ...
. De facto independent state,[.] recognised by International recognition of Transnistria#UN non-member states, 3 non-UN states.
, ro, Transnistria – Republica Moldovenească Nistreană
russian: Приднестровье – Приднестровская Молдавская Республика (')
uk, Придністров'я – Придністровська Молдавська Республіка (')
, Tiraspol
ro, Tiraspol
russian: Тираcполь (')
uk, Тирасполь (')
, 475,373
,
Non-sovereign territories
Dependent territories
The following six European entities are dependent territory, dependent territories.
}
, Episkopi Cantonment
, 15,700
,
, -
,
,
, Faroe Islands / Faeroe Islands
, Danish Realm#Home rule and self rule, Constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark
, fo, Føroyar
da, Færøerne
, Tórshavn
fo, Tórshavn
da, Thorshavn
, 54,000
,
, -
,
,
, Gibraltar
, British Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territory
, en, Gibraltar
, Gibraltar
, 29,185
,
, -
,
,
, Bailiwick of Guernsey, Guernsey
Bailiwick of Guernsey
, Crown Dependencies, Crown Dependency in right of Guernsey[Queen and Crown dependencies page of the official website of the British Monarchy](_blank)
[Ministry of Justice's fact sheet on the UK's relationship with the Crown Dependencies](_blank)
/ref>
, en, Guernsey – Bailiwick of Guernsey
french: Guernesey – Bailliage de Guernesey
Guernésiais: ''Guernési – Bailliage de Guernési''
, Saint Peter Port
french: Saint Pierre Port
Guernésiais: ''Saint Pierre Port''
, 65,849
,
, -
,
,
, Isle of Man
, Crown Dependencies, Crown Dependency in right of Man
, en, Isle of Man
gv, Mannin – Ellan Vannin
, Douglas, Isle of Man, Douglas
gv, Doolish
, 86,866
,
, -
,
,
, Jersey
Bailiwick of Jersey
, Crown Dependencies, Crown Dependency in right of Jersey
, en, Jersey – Bailiwick of Jersey
french: Jersey – Bailliage de Jersey
Jèrriais: ''Jèrri – Bailliage de Jèrri''
, Saint Helier
french: Saint-Hélier
Jèrriais: ''Saint Hélyi''
, 96,513
,
Areas of special sovereignty
The following places are considered integral parts of their sovereign state, but have a political arrangement that was decided through an international agreement.
}
, Mariehamn
sv, Mariehamn
, 27,500
,
, -
,
,
, Northern Ireland
, Part of the United Kingdom, devolved government determined by the Good Friday Agreement
, en, Northern Ireland
ir, Tuaisceart Éireann
sco, Norlin Airlann
, Belfast
, 1,810,863
,
, -
,
,
, Svalbard
, Special territory of Norway, determined by the Svalbard Treaty
, no, Svalbard
, Longyearbyen
no, Longyearbyen
, 2,019
,
A State-like entity with partial diplomatic recognition
A list of State-like entities with partial diplomatic recognition with which UN member states maintain diplomatic relations.
See also
* International organisations in Europe
* Lists of European countries:
** List of European countries by area, by area
** List of European countries by GDP, by GDP
*** List of European countries by GDP per capita, by GDP per capita
*** List of European countries by GDP PPP, by GDP PPP
** List of European countries by population, by population
* List of former sovereign states#Europe, List of former sovereign states in Europe
* Predecessors of sovereign states in Europe
* Regions of Europe
* Timeline of European nations
Notes
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sovereign States And Dependent Territories in Europe, List Of
Lists of countries by continent
Lists of countries in Europe, 01
Dependent territories in Europe, .List
Europe-related lists, Sovereign states and dependent territories
Europe