''Engelhardia'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

of seven species of trees in the family Juglandaceae, native to southeast

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an are ...

from northern

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area, the List of countries and dependencies by population, second-most populous ...

east to

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the no ...

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Gui ...

and the

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

. The genus name is commonly misspelled "''Engelhardtia''", a "correction" made by the original author

Carl Ludwig Blume Charles Ludwig de Blume or Karl Ludwig von Blume (9 June 1796, Braunschweig – 3 February 1862, Leiden) was a Germany, German-Netherlands, Dutch botanist. He was born at Braunschweig in Germany, but studied at Leiden University and spent his ...

in 1829 and persistent until today, as it was thus entered in the ''

Index Kewensis The 1893 ''Index Kewensis'' (IK), maintained by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, is a publication that aims to register all botanical names for seed plants at the rank of species and genera. It later came to include names of taxonomic families ...

''; the original spelling is ''Engelhardia''.

Fossil record

''Engelhardia'' pollen has been found in deposits of

Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recen ...

Age in

Denmark ) , song = ( en, "King Christian stood by the lofty mast") , song_type = National and royal anthem , image_map = EU-Denmark.svg , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of Denmark , establish ...

. †''Engelhardia orsbergensis'' leaf fossils have been uncovered from

rhyodacite Rhyodacite is a volcanic rock intermediate in composition between dacite and rhyolite. It is the extrusive equivalent of those plutonic rocks that are intermediate in composition between monzogranite and granodiorite. Rhyodacites form from ra ...

tuff of Lower Miocene age in Southern

Slovakia Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the ...

near the town of Lučenec. †''Engelhardia orsbergensis'' and †''Engelhardia macroptera'' fossils have been uncovered from late Miocene strata in

Iceland Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its ...

Species

*''

Engelhardia apoensis ''Engelhardia'' is a genus of seven species of trees in the family Juglandaceae, native to southeast Asia from northern India east to Taiwan, Indonesia and the Philippines. The genus name is commonly misspelled "''Engelhardtia''", a "correction" ...

'' Elmer ex Nagel, native to Malaya,

Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia. At the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and e ...

, the

*''

Engelhardia cathayensis ''Engelhardia'' is a genus of seven species of trees in the family Juglandaceae, native to southeast Asia from northern India east to Taiwan, Indonesia and the Philippines. The genus name is commonly misspelled "''Engelhardtia''", a "correction" ...

'' Dode *''

Engelhardia hainanensis ''Engelhardia hainanensis'' is a tree native to Hainan Hainan (, ; ) is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. , the largest and most populou ...

'' Chen, native to

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, most populous country, with a Population of China, population exceeding 1.4 billion, slig ...

*''

Engelhardia nudiflora ''Engelhardia'' is a genus of seven species of trees in the family Juglandaceae, native to southeast Asia from northern India east to Taiwan, Indonesia and the Philippines. The genus name is commonly misspelled "''Engelhardtia''", a "correction" ...

'' Hook. f. *''

Engelhardia rigida ''Engelhardia'' is a genus of seven species of trees in the family Juglandaceae, native to southeast Asia from northern India east to Taiwan, Indonesia and the Philippines. The genus name is commonly misspelled "''Engelhardtia''", a "correction" ...

'' Blume, native to

Java Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people, Java is the world's mo ...

, Borneo,

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; id, Papua, or , historically ) is the world's second-largest island with an area of . Located in Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is separated from Australia by the wide Torres ...

, the Philippines *''

Engelhardia roxburghiana ''Engelhardia roxburghiana'' is a tree in the family Juglandaceae. It is named for the Scottish botanist William Roxburgh. Description ''Engelhardia roxburghiana'' grows as a tree measuring up to tall with a trunk diameter of up to . The bark i ...

'' Wall. (syn. ''E. chrysolepis'' Hance, ''E. fenzelii'' Merr.) ''huang qi'' in Chinese () *''

Engelhardia serrata ''Engelhardia serrata'' is a species of tree in the family Juglandaceae. It is native to southwest China, Indo-China, Indonesia, and the Philippines. Varieties The following are recognised: * ''Engelhardia serrata'' var. ''serrata'': from Indo ...

'' Blume, native to southwest China,

Indochina Mainland Southeast Asia, also known as the Indochinese Peninsula or Indochina, is the continental portion of Southeast Asia. It lies east of the Indian subcontinent and south of Mainland China and is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the west an ...

, and the Philippines **''

'' var. ''cambodica'' W. E. Manning *''

Engelhardia spicata ''Engelhardia spicata'' is a species of plant in the Juglandaceae family. It is recognized to include the variety ''E. spicata'' var. ''integra'' (Kurz) W.E. Manning ex Steen. Distribution and habitat Pakistan, India, Nepal, ...

'' Lesch ex Blume, native to

Nepal Nepal (; ne, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne, सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is ma ...

, southern

, the Philippines, and New Guinea **''

'' var. ''integra'' (Kurz) W.E. Manning ex Steen., Fl. Males. I, 6: 953 (1972); Grierson & Long, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40: 133. (1982), isonym; syn. var. ''colebrookiana'' (Lindl.) Koorders & Valeton *'' Engelhardia ursina''

References

External links

Flora of China: ''Engelhardia''
Engelhardioideae Fagales genera {{Fagales-stub