Ellen Fries (23 September 1855 – 31 March 1900) was a Swedish feminist and writer. She became the first female Ph.D. in

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic countries, Nordic c ...

in 1883. She was also involved in founding several women's organizations.

Biography

She born in 1855 at Rödslegård in Törnsfall,

Kalmar County Kalmar County () is a county or '' län'' in southern Sweden. It borders the counties of Kronoberg, Jönköping, Blekinge and Östergötland. To the east in the Baltic Sea is the island Gotland. The counties are mainly administrative units. ...

, to

Colonel Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge ...

Patrik Constantin Fries and Beata Maria Borgström. She studied at the Åhlinska flickskolan, and graduated with a professional degree from

Wallinska skolan Wallinska skolan (Wallin School) or Wallinska flickskolan (Wallin Girls' School), was a girls' school in Stockholm, Sweden. Active from 1831 to 1939, it was one of the first five schools in Sweden to offer serious academic education and seconda ...

in Stockholm 19 May 1874. She studied language and art by travelling to Paris and Leipzig and was a language teacher at

in 1875–1877. The universities in Sweden had been opened to both genders in 1870. Fries enlisted as a student at

Uppsala University Uppsala University ( sv, Uppsala universitet) is a public research university in Uppsala, Sweden. Founded in 1477, it is the oldest university in Sweden and the Nordic countries still in operation. The university rose to significance during ...

12 October 1877. She studied history, Nordic language and political science and was given the scholarship Kraemerska stipendiet. She became the first female Ph.D. in Sweden 31 May 1883. She was a teacher in history at

in Stockholm 1884–1886 and at Åhlinska flickskolan from 1885; in 1890, she became its principal. In 1884, she was one of six to summon the first meeting of the feminist movement the Fredrika Bremer Association; she initiated the foundation of the National Council of Swedish Women () in 1896, and one of the five co-founders of the

Nya Idun Nya Idun is a Swedish cultural association for women founded in 1885, originally as a female counterpart to Sällskapet Idun ('the Idun Society'). Its aim was to "gather educated women in the Stockholm area for informal gatherings". There was al ...

society. From 1881, she was active in the feminist paper of Sophie Adlersparre, ''

Tidskrift för hemmet The ''Home Review'' ( sv, Tidskrift för hemmet) was a Swedish women's magazine, published from 1859 to 1885. It was the first women's magazine in the Nordic countries and its inception is sometimes regarded as the foundation of Sweden's women's ...

'', mainly contributing with biographies of women, and she was also joint editor of the paper in 1883–1885. She contributed with articles as a freelancer to various papers, such as ''

Dagny Dagny () is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Population Geography The river Aubetin flows northwestward through the commune. See also * Communes of the Seine-et-Marne depart ...

'' 1886–1895, '' Framåt'' 1886, '' Verdandi'' 1888, '' Hemåt'' 1892, ''Nya Idun'' 1891–1892, ''

Stockholms Dagblad ''Stockholms Dagblad'' was a conservative morning newspaper published in Stockholm between 1824 and 1931. History and profile ''Stockholms Dagblad'' was established on 2 January 1824 as a newspaper for the Swedish capital. Under the editorship ...

'' 1884–1885 and ''

Aftonbladet ''Aftonbladet'' (, lit. "The evening paper") is a Swedish daily newspaper published in Stockholm, Sweden. It is one of the largest daily newspapers in the Nordic countries. History and profile The newspaper was founded by Lars Johan H ...

'' 1885 as well as in the dictionary ''

Nordisk Familjebok ''Nordisk familjebok'' (, "Nordic Family Book") is a Swedish encyclopedia that was published in print from between 1876 and 1993, and that is now fully available in digital form via Project Runeberg at Linköping University. Despite their co ...

''. In 1886 and 1899–1900, she lectured on the 17th and 18th centuries at Pedagogiska lärokursen in Stockholm. Fries died in

Stockholm Stockholm () is the capital and largest city of Sweden as well as the largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people live in the municipality, with 1.6 million in the urban area, and 2.4 million in the metropo ...

in 1900.

Works

* , 2 vol. (1890–1891) * (1893) * . (1896–) * (part 1, 1895) Part two was published after her death by her father: * (part 2, 1900) * (1920) * "", ''Dagny'' no. 2 (1892) * "", ''Dagny'' no. 8 (1892) * "" ''Dagny'', no. 6 (1893) * "" ''Dagny'' no. 4–5 (1895) * (travelogue, 1885)

References

External links

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Fries, Ellen 1855 births 1900 deaths Swedish journalists Swedish feminists 20th-century Swedish historians Swedish women non-fiction writers Uppsala University alumni 19th-century Swedish journalists 19th-century Swedish women writers Members of Nya Idun Burials at Norra begravningsplatsen

Biography

Works

References

Further reading

External links