Edward Stanhope
PC (24 September 1840 – 21 December 1893) was a British
Conservative Party politician who was
Secretary of State for War from 1887 to 1892.
Background and education
Born in London, Stanhope was the second son of
Philip Stanhope, 5th Earl Stanhope
Philip Henry Stanhope, 5th Earl Stanhope, (30 January 180524 December 1875), styled Viscount Mahon between 1816 and 1855, was an English antiquarian and Tory politician. He held political office under Sir Robert Peel in the 1830s and 1840s b ...
, by his wife Emily Harriet, daughter of General
Sir Edward Kerrison, 1st Baronet
General Sir Edward Kerrison, 1st Baronet, (30 July 1776 – 9 March 1853) was a British Army officer and politician.
Kerrison was a Lieutenant-Colonel in the 7th Light Dragoons, saw service during the Peninsular War and commanded his regim ...
.
Arthur Stanhope, 6th Earl Stanhope was his elder brother and
Philip Stanhope, 1st Baron Weardale
Philip James Stanhope, 1st Baron Weardale (8 December 1847 – 1 March 1923), was a British Liberal Party politician and philanthropist.
Background and early life
Stanhope was born in Marylebone, London. A member of an important political fami ...
his younger brother. He was educated at
Harrow and
Christ Church, Oxford. Stanhope studied law, being
called to the bar at the
Inner Temple
The Honourable Society of the Inner Temple, commonly known as the Inner Temple, is one of the four Inns of Court and is a professional associations for barristers and judges. To be called to the Bar and practise as a barrister in England and ...
in 1865. In 1861 he played three
first-class cricket
First-class cricket, along with List A cricket and Twenty20 cricket, is one of the highest-standard forms of cricket. A first-class match is one of three or more days' scheduled duration between two sides of eleven players each and is officia ...
matches for
Kent County Cricket Club.
[Carlaw D (2020) ''Kent County Cricketers A to Z. Part One: 1806–1914'' (revised edition), pp. 501–503.]
Available online
at the Association of Cricket Statisticians and Historians
The Association of Cricket Statisticians and Historians (ACS) was founded in England in 1973 for the purpose of researching and collating information about the history and statistics of cricket. Originally called the Association of Cricket Statis ...
. Retrieved 2020-12-21.)
Political career
In 1874 Stanhope was elected to the
House of Commons
The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the nominally upper house of parliament. T ...
for
Mid Lincolnshire, a seat he held until 1885, and then represented
Horncastle
Horncastle is a town and civil parish in the East Lindsey district in Lincolnshire, east of Lincoln. Its population was 6,815 at the 2011 census and estimated at 7,123 in 2019. A section of the ancient Roman walls remains.
History Romans
Alt ...
until his death. He soon rose to a position of prominence within the party. In 1875, he became
Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade The Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade in the United Kingdom was a member of Parliament assigned to assist the Board of Trade and its President with administration and liaison with Parliament. It replaced the Vice-President of the Board ...
, and in 1878 moved up to
Under-Secretary of State for India
This is a list of Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State, Parliamentary Under-Secretaries of State and Permanent Under-Secretary of State, Permanent Under-Secretaries of State at the India Office during the British India, period of British rule be ...
, where he was a key assistant to India Secretary
Lord Cranbrook.
After the Tories' fall from power in 1880, Stanhope supported Commons leader
Sir Stafford Northcote
Stafford Henry Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh (27 October 1818 – 12 January 1887), known as Sir Stafford Northcote, Bt from 1851 to 1885, was a British Conservative politician. He served as Chancellor of the Exchequer between 1874 and 1 ...
against younger Tories led by
Lord Randolph Churchill in internal Conservative party squabbling. When the Conservatives returned to the power, Stanhope became
vice-president of the Committee of Council on Education, with a seat in the cabinet, and almost immediately thereafter
President of the Board of Trade. He moved up to major cabinet office in Salisbury's second government, serving first as
Colonial Secretary from 1886 to 1887 and then as
Secretary of State for War from 1887 to 1892 following a cabinet reshuffle in January 1887.
As War Secretary, Stanhope fought for reform against the reactionary high officers – most notably the
Duke of Cambridge
Duke of Cambridge, one of several current royal dukedoms in the United Kingdom , is a hereditary title of specific rank of nobility in the British royal family. The title (named after the city of Cambridge in England) is heritable by male de ...
, the Commander in Chief, and
Sir Garnet Wolseley, the Adjutant-General. In spite of his own inexperience in military affairs and this formidable opposition, Stanhope achieved a fair amount, although it was his
Liberal
Liberal or liberalism may refer to:
Politics
* a supporter of liberalism
** Liberalism by country
* an adherent of a Liberal Party
* Liberalism (international relations)
* Sexually liberal feminism
* Social liberalism
Arts, entertainment and m ...
successor,
Henry Campbell-Bannerman
Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman (né Campbell; 7 September 183622 April 1908) was a British statesman and Liberal politician. He served as the prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1905 to 1908 and leader of the Liberal Party from 1899 to 1 ...
, who managed to push Cambridge into retirement.
Personal life
In December 1893, Stanhope died suddenly of a heart attack, aged 53.
The
school house 'Stanhope' at
Alderwood School in the garrison town of
Aldershot
Aldershot () is a town in Hampshire, England. It lies on heathland in the extreme northeast corner of the county, southwest of London. The area is administered by Rushmoor Borough Council. The town has a population of 37,131, while the Alder ...
in
Hampshire
Hampshire (, ; abbreviated to Hants) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in western South East England on the coast of the English Channel. Home to two major English cities on its south coast, Southampton and Portsmouth, Hampshire ...
is named in his honour.
References
*
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Stanhope, Edward
1840 births
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
English cricketers
Kent cricketers
UK MPs 1874–1880
UK MPs 1880–1885
UK MPs 1885–1886
UK MPs 1886–1892
UK MPs 1892–1895
1893 deaths
Younger sons of earls
I Zingari cricketers
People educated at Harrow School
Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford
Members of the Inner Temple
Edward
Gentlemen of the South cricketers
Secretaries of State for the Colonies
Parliamentary Secretaries to the Board of Trade
Presidents of the Board of Trade