''Ex rel.'' is an abbreviation of the
Latin phrase "''ex relatione'' (meaning "
rising
Rising may refer to:
* Rising, a stage in baking - see Proofing (baking technique)
*Elevation
* Short for Uprising, a rebellion
Film and TV
* Rising (Stargate Atlantis), "Rising" (''Stargate Atlantis''), the series premiere of the science fiction ...
out of the relation/narration
f the relator
F, or f, is the sixth letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''ef'' (pronounced ), and the plural is ''efs''.
Hist ...
). The term is a legal phrase; the legal citation guide, the ''
Bluebook'', describes ''ex rel.'' as a "procedural phrase" and requires using it to abbreviate "on the relation of", "for the use of", "on behalf of", and similar expressions.
It is most commonly used when a
government brings a
cause of action upon the request of a private party who has some interest in the matter. The private party is called the ''
relator'' in such a case. The government acts on the basis of the narration or recounting (Latin ''relatione'') of the alleged facts by the relator. Governments typically accept applications and commence litigation for ''ex rel.'' actions only if the interest advanced by the private party is similar to the interest of the government.
New York
New York most commonly refers to:
* New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York
* New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States
New York may also refer to:
Film and television
* '' ...
has a "
forever wild
New York's Forest Preserve, comprises almost all the lands owned by the state of New York within the Adirondack and Catskill parks. It is managed by the state Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC).
, the Forest Preserve covers nearly ...
" constitutional article, which is enforceable by action of the
New York State Attorney General or by any citizen ''ex rel.'' with the consent of the
Appellate Division.
[N.Y. Const. ART XIV, ยง 5. Found a]
New York State Assembly website
Retrieved February 23, 2012.
The term can also be used when a relative or party in
privity brings suit on another person's behalf. For example, the
Terri Schiavo appeal to the
United States Supreme Court was titled ''Schiavo ex rel. Schindler v. Schiavo''.
References
Latin legal terminology
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