The enterogastric reflex is one of the three extrinsic reflexes of the

gastrointestinal tract The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the Digestion, digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The tract is the largest of the body's systems, after the cardiovascula ...

, the other two being the gastroileal reflex and the

gastrocolic reflex The gastrocolic reflex or gastrocolic response is a physiological reflex that controls the motility, or peristalsis, of the gastrointestinal tract following a meal. It involves an increase in motility of the colon consisting primarily of giant mi ...

. The enterogastric reflex is stimulated by

duodenal The duodenum is the first section of the small intestine in most vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In mammals, it may be the principal site for iron absorption. The duodenum precedes the jejunum and ileum and is the shortest p ...

distension. It can also be stimulated by a pH of 3-4 in the

duodenum The duodenum is the first section of the small intestine in most vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In mammals, it may be the principal site for iron absorption. The duodenum precedes the jejunum and ileum and is the shortest p ...

and by a pH of 1.5 in the stomach. Upon initiation of the reflex, the release of

gastrin Gastrin is a peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility. It is released by G cells in the pyloric antrum of the stomach, duodenum, and the pancreas. ...

by G-cells in the antrum of the

stomach The stomach is a muscular, hollow organ in the upper gastrointestinal tract of Human, humans and many other animals, including several invertebrates. The Ancient Greek name for the stomach is ''gaster'' which is used as ''gastric'' in medical t ...

is shut off. This in turn inhibits gastric motility and the secretion of

gastric acid Gastric acid or stomach acid is the acidic component – hydrochloric acid – of gastric juice, produced by parietal cells in the gastric glands of the stomach lining. In humans, the pH is between one and three, much lower than most other a ...

( HCl). __TOC__

Emptying inhibitory factors

The stomach's contents are inhibited from emptying into the small intestine by: * duodena
distension
ref name=encycom> * duodenal acidic pH * duodenal hypertonicity * increased

osmolarity Osmotic concentration, formerly known as osmolarity, is the measure of solute concentration, defined as the number of osmoles (Osm) of solute per litre (L) of solution (osmol/L or Osm/L). The osmolarity of a solution is usually expressed as Osm/ ...

of gastric chyme * sympathetic stimulation * intense pain * Cholecystokinin, Secretin, Vasoactive intestinal peptide * Nitric oxide, somatostatin from D cells

Emptying stimulatory factors

The stomach's contents empty through the pylorus, allowing digestion to proceed, when there is: *

parasympathetic The parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) is one of the three divisions of the autonomic nervous system, the others being the sympathetic nervous system and the enteric nervous system. The autonomic nervous system is responsible for regulat ...

stimulation * increased volume and fluidity of gastric contents

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Enterogastric Reflex Reflexes Gastroenterology