Edward Thomas Connold (11 June 1862

Hastings Hastings ( ) is a seaside town and Borough status in the United Kingdom, borough in East Sussex on the south coast of England, east of Lewes and south east of London. The town gives its name to the Battle of Hastings, which took place to th ...

- January 1910

St Leonards-on-Sea St Leonards-on-Sea (commonly known as St Leonards) is a town and seaside resort in the borough of Hastings in East Sussex, England. It has been part of the borough since the late 19th century and lies to the west of central Hastings. The origin ...

), was an English naturalist and writer with a particular interest in oak

gall Galls (from the Latin , 'oak-apple') or ''cecidia'' (from the Greek , anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or war ...

s. An amateur scientist who earned his living as grocer, Connold had a very wide range of interests as evinced by his numerous contributions to ''The Hastings and East Sussex Naturalist''. His interests extended to include shells, wasps, caterpillars, wildflowers and marine life, though his most important work was in the field of plant galls. Margaret Redfern in her 2011 book ''Plant Galls'' attributes to him the discovery of galls on the roots of plants. Before his death he was preparing a work on British wild fruits for publication. His plant-gall collection was left to the Hastings Museum, an institution he enthusiastically supported. At the formation of the Hastings and St. Leonards Natural History Society in 1893 he was elected honorary secretary, and was a popular speaker on natural history topics. His son Harold Thomas Connold (*26 May 1889 Hastings) was a noted photographer who worked for the

Royal Engineers The Corps of Royal Engineers, usually called the Royal Engineers (RE), and commonly known as the ''Sappers'', is the engineering arm of the British Army. It provides military engineering and other technical support to the British Armed Forces ...

during

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

, having served in a Scottish regiment. On his return to London in 1919 he worked as a photographer for Russell & Sons in Baker Street.

Books

''British Vegetable Galls''
(1901)
''British Oak Galls''
(1908) *''Gleanings from the Fields of Nature'' (1908)
''Plant Galls of Great Britain''
(1909)

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Connold, Edward Thomas English naturalists 1862 births 1910 deaths Oak galls