Dyakiidae is a

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

of air-breathing

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as ...

terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on or near the ground, as opposed to ...

pulmonate Pulmonata or pulmonates, is an informal group (previously an order, and before that a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includ ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

s in the superfamily Trochomorphoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). Some of the species in this family are sinistral (left-handed) in their shell coiling.

Distribution

The family Dyakiidae is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

Sundaland Sundaland (also called Sundaica or the Sundaic region) is a biogeographical region of South-eastern Asia corresponding to a larger landmass that was exposed throughout the last 2.6 million years during periods when sea levels were lower. It ...

in Southeast Asia.

Anatomy

In this family, the number of

haploid Ploidy () is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for autosomal and pseudoautosomal genes. Sets of chromosomes refer to the number of maternal and paternal chromosome copies, respectively ...

chromosome A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. In most chromosomes the very long thin DNA fibers are coated with packaging proteins; in eukaryotic cells the most important of these proteins are ...

s is between 26 and 30 (according to the values in this table).Barker G. M. (2001) ''Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology''. 1-146. In: Barker G. M. (ed.) (2001)
The biology of terrestrial molluscs
'. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, cited pages: 139-144. . The family also includes ''

Quantula striata ''Quantula striata'', also known as ''Dyakia striata'', is a species of medium-sized, air-breathing, tropical land snail. It is a terrestrial, pulmonate, gastropod mollusk in the family Dyakiidae. This species appears to be unique among terre ...

'', the only known terrestrial gastropod to emit light. The

Digestive system The human digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract plus the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). Digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller and smaller compone ...

characteristics are as follows. The buccal mass is small. The jaw is smooth. The stomach is very simple with weak muscles (as is the case in the majority of land snails). (These anatomical characteristics also include the family Staffordiidae which was considered part of the Dyakiidae at the time the study was done).

Genera

The family Dyakiidae includes the following 11 genera, with a steadily increasing number of described species (71 species until 2007 + 11 new species in 2009.): * '' Asperitas'' Gray, 1857 - 14 species * '' Bertia'' Ancey, 1887 - at least 4 species * '' Dyakia'' Godwin-Austen, 1891 - type genus, 22 species * '' Elaphroconcha'' Gude, 1911 - 10 species * '' Everettia'' Godwin-Austen, 1891 - 25 species * '' Kalamantania'' Laidlaw, 1931 - only one species: '' Kalamantania whiteheadi'' (Godwin-Austen, 1891) * '' Phuphania'' Tumpeesuwan, Naggs & Panha, 2007 - 3 species including: '' Phuphania globosa'' Tumpeesuwan, Naggs & Panha, 2007Tumpeesuwan C., Naggs F. & Panha S. (31 August 2007) "A new genus and new species of dyakiid snail (Pulmonata: Dyakiidae) from the Phu Phan range, northeastern Thailand". '' Raffles Bulletin of Zoology'
55(2)
: 363-369
PDF
/ref> * ''

Pseudoplecta ''Pseudoplecta'' is a monotypic genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Trochomorphoidea of the family Dyakiidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Pseudoplecta Laidlaw, 1932. Accessed t ...

'' Laidlaw, 1932 - only one species: '' Pseudoplecta bijuga'' (Stoliczka, 1873) * '' Pseudoquantula'' Jirapatrasilp & Panha gen. nov. - only one species: '' Pseudoquantula lenticularis'' Jirapatrasilp & Panha sp. nov. * '' Quantula'' Baker, 1941 - 7 species including: ''

'' (Gray, 1834) * '' Rhinocochlis'' Thiele, 1931 - only one species: '' Rhinocochlis nasuta'' (Metcalfe, 1852) * '' Sasakina'' Rensch, 1930 - 5 species

Cladogram

The following

cladogram A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to d ...

shows the

phylogenic In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups o ...

relationships of this family and superfamily with the other families within the

limacoid clade The Limacoidei is a taxonomic infraorder of air-breathing land snails, semislugs and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the suborder Helicina Distribution The original ancestral area of limacoid families is thought to b ...

References

External links

Gude, G. K. & Woodward, B. B. (1921). On Helicella, Férussac. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London. 14 (5/6): 174-190. Londo
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5318404