Differences between ''

shinjitai are the simplified forms of kanji used in Japan since the promulgation of the Tōyō Kanji List in 1946. Some of the new forms found in ''shinjitai'' are also found in simplified Chinese characters, but ''shinjitai'' is generally not as exten ...

'' and

simplified characters Simplified Chinese characters are one of two standardized character sets widely used to write the Chinese language, with the other being traditional characters. Their mass standardization during the 20th century was part of an initiative by t ...

in the Japanese and Chinese languages exist.

List of different simplifications

The old and new forms of the ''kyōiku'' kanji and their hànzì equivalents are listed below.PDF file
It also served as the source for the lists above. Please note the file is from 2011, so it does not include the 196 new Secondary-School Kanji, but the 5 kanji removed from the Jōyō Kanji List. In the following lists, the characters are sorted by the radicals of the Japanese kanji. The two

Kokuji In Japanese, or are kanji created in Japan rather than borrowed from China. Like most Chinese characters, they are primarily formed by combining existing characters - though using combinations that are not used in Chinese. Since kokuji ar ...

働 and 畑 in the ''Kyōiku'' Kanji List, which have no Chinese equivalents, are not listed here; in Japanese, neither character was affected by the simplifications. * No simplification in either language (The following characters were simplified neither in Japanese nor in Chinese.)
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Traditional characters that may cause problems displaying

Some of the traditional ''kanji'' are not included in the Japanese font of

Windows XP Windows XP is a major release of Microsoft's Windows NT operating system. It was released to manufacturing on August 24, 2001, and later to retail on October 25, 2001. It is a direct successor to Windows 2000 for high-end and business users a ...

2000 2000 was designated as the International Year for the Culture of Peace and the World Mathematics, Mathematical Year. Popular culture holds the year 2000 as the first year of the 21st century and the 3rd millennium, because of a tende ...

, and only rectangles are shown. Downloading the ''Meiryo'' font from the

Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company, technology conglomerate headquartered in Redmond, Washington. Founded in 1975, the company became influential in the History of personal computers#The ear ...

website (VistaFont_JPN.EXE) and installing it will solve this problem. Note that within the ''

Jōyō Kanji The are those kanji listed on the , officially announced by the Japanese Ministry of Education. The current List of jōyō kanji, list of 2,136 characters was issued in 2010. It is a slightly modified version of the tōyō kanji, kanji, which ...

'' there are 62 characters the old forms of which may cause problems displaying: ''Kyōiku'' Kanji (26): * Grade 2 (2 ''Kanji''): * Grade 3 (8 ''Kanji''): * Grade 4 (6 ''Kanji''): * Grade 5 (1 ''Kanji''): * Grade 6 (9 ''Kanji''): Secondary-School ''Kanji'' (36): * These characters are

Unicode Unicode or ''The Unicode Standard'' or TUS is a character encoding standard maintained by the Unicode Consortium designed to support the use of text in all of the world's writing systems that can be digitized. Version 16.0 defines 154,998 Char ...

CJK Unified Ideographs The Chinese, Japanese and Korean (CJK) scripts share a common background, collectively known as CJK characters. During the process called Han unification, the common (shared) characters were identified and named CJK Unified Ideographs. As of Uni ...

for which the old form (''

kyūjitai ''Kyūjitai'' () are the traditional forms of kanji (Chinese written characters used in Japanese writing). Their simplified counterparts are '' shinjitai'' (). Some of the simplified characters arose centuries ago and were in everyday use in bot ...

'') and the new form (''

'') have been unified under the Unicode standard. Although the old and new forms are distinguished under the JIS X 0213 standard, the old forms map to Unicode CJK Compatibility Ideographs which are considered by Unicode to be canonically equivalent to the new forms and may not be distinguished by

user agent On the Web, a user agent is a software agent responsible for retrieving and facilitating end-user interaction with Web content. This includes all web browsers, such as Google Chrome and Safari A safari (; originally ) is an overland jour ...

s. Therefore, depending on the user environment, it may not be possible to see the distinction between old and new forms of the characters. In particular, all

Unicode normalization Unicode equivalence is the specification by the Unicode character (computing), character encoding standard that some sequences of code points represent essentially the same character. This feature was introduced in the standard to allow compatibi ...

methods merge the old characters with the new ones.

Different stroke orders in Chinese and Japanese

Some characters, whether simplified or not, look the same in Chinese and Japanese, but have different

stroke order Stroke order is the order in which the strokes of a Chinese character are written. A stroke is a movement of a writing instrument on a writing surface. Basic principles Chinese characters are logograms constructed with strokes. Over the ...

s. For example, in Japan, 必 is written with the top dot first, while the traditional stroke order writes the 丿 first. In the characters 王 and 玉, the vertical stroke is the third stroke in Chinese, but the second stroke in Japanese. Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau use traditional characters, though with an altered stroke order.

References

{{Reflist Simplified Chinese characters Kanji Japanese language

List of different simplifications

Traditional characters that may cause problems displaying

Different stroke orders in Chinese and Japanese

See also

References