Daniel Gray "Dan" Quillen (June 22, 1940 – April 30, 2011) was an American
mathematician
A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems.
Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, structure, space, models, and change.
History
On ...
. He is known for being the "prime architect" of higher
algebraic ''K''-theory, for which he was awarded the
Cole Prize The Frank Nelson Cole Prize, or Cole Prize for short, is one of twenty-two prizes awarded to mathematicians by the American Mathematical Society, one for an outstanding contribution to algebra, and the other for an outstanding contribution to numbe ...
in 1975 and the
Fields Medal
The Fields Medal is a prize awarded to two, three, or four mathematicians under 40 years of age at the International Congress of the International Mathematical Union (IMU), a meeting that takes place every four years. The name of the award h ...
in 1978.
From 1984 to 2006, he was the
Waynflete Professor of Pure Mathematics at
Magdalen College, Oxford
Magdalen College (, ) is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. It was founded in 1458 by William of Waynflete. Today, it is the fourth wealthiest college, with a financial endowment of £332.1 million as of 2019 and one of the ...
.
Education and career
Quillen was born in
Orange, New Jersey
The City of Orange is a township in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2010 U.S. census, the township's population was 30,134, reflecting a decline of 2,734 (−8.3%) from the 32,868 counted in 2000.
Orange was original ...
, and attended
Newark Academy. He entered
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of highe ...
, where he earned both his
AB, in 1961, and his
PhD PHD or PhD may refer to:
* Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), an academic qualification
Entertainment
* '' PhD: Phantasy Degree'', a Korean comic series
* '' Piled Higher and Deeper'', a web comic
* Ph.D. (band), a 1980s British group
** Ph.D. (Ph.D. al ...
in 1964; the latter completed under the supervision of
Raoul Bott, with a thesis in
partial differential equations
In mathematics, a partial differential equation (PDE) is an equation which imposes relations between the various partial derivatives of a multivariable function.
The function is often thought of as an "unknown" to be solved for, similarly to ...
. He was a
Putnam Fellow in 1959.
Quillen obtained a position at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1861, MIT has played a key role in the development of modern technology and science, and is one of th ...
after completing his doctorate. He also spent a number of years at several other universities. He visited France twice: first as a
Sloan Fellow in Paris, during the academic year 1968–69, where he was greatly influenced by
Grothendieck, and then, during 1973–74, as a
Guggenheim Fellow
Guggenheim Fellowships are grants that have been awarded annually since by the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation to those "who have demonstrated exceptional capacity for productive scholarship or exceptional creative ability in the ar ...
. In 1969–70, he was a visiting member of the
Institute for Advanced Study
The Institute for Advanced Study (IAS), located in Princeton, New Jersey, in the United States, is an independent center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry. It has served as the academic home of internationally preeminent schola ...
in
Princeton
Princeton University is a private research university in Princeton, New Jersey. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and one of the nin ...
, where he came under the influence of
Michael Atiyah.
In 1978, Quillen received a
Fields Medal
The Fields Medal is a prize awarded to two, three, or four mathematicians under 40 years of age at the International Congress of the International Mathematical Union (IMU), a meeting that takes place every four years. The name of the award h ...
at the
International Congress of Mathematicians
The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) is the largest conference for the topic of mathematics. It meets once every four years, hosted by the International Mathematical Union (IMU).
The Fields Medals, the Nevanlinna Prize (to be rena ...
held in
Helsinki
Helsinki ( or ; ; sv, Helsingfors, ) is the Capital city, capital, primate city, primate, and List of cities and towns in Finland, most populous city of Finland. Located on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, it is the seat of the region of U ...
.
From 1984 to 2006, he was the
Waynflete Professor of Pure Mathematics at
Magdalen College
Magdalen College (, ) is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. It was founded in 1458 by William of Waynflete. Today, it is the fourth wealthiest college, with a financial endowment of £332.1 million as of 2019 and one of the ...
,
Oxford
Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the ...
.
Quillen retired at the end of 2006. He died from complications of
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and progressively worsens. It is the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia. The most common early symptom is difficulty in remembering recent events. As ...
on April 30,
2011, aged 70, in Florida.
Mathematical contributions
Quillen's best known contribution (mentioned specifically in his Fields medal citation) was his formulation of higher algebraic ''K''-theory in 1972. This new tool, formulated in terms of homotopy theory, proved to be successful in formulating and solving problems in algebra, particularly in ring theory and module theory. More generally, Quillen developed tools (especially his theory of
model categories) that allowed algebro-topological tools to be applied in other contexts.
Before his work in defining higher algebraic ''K''-theory, Quillen worked on the
Adams conjecture
Adams may refer to:
* For persons, see Adams (surname)
Places United States
* Adams, California
*Adams, California, former name of Corte Madera, California
* Adams, Decatur County, Indiana
* Adams, Kentucky
*Adams, Massachusetts, a New England t ...
, formulated by
Frank Adams
John Frank Adams (5 November 1930 – 7 January 1989) was a British mathematician, one of the major contributors to homotopy theory.
Life
He was born in Woolwich, a suburb in south-east London, and attended Bedford School. He began researc ...
, in
homotopy theory
In mathematics, homotopy theory is a systematic study of situations in which maps can come with homotopies between them. It originated as a topic in algebraic topology but nowadays is studied as an independent discipline. Besides algebraic topolo ...
.
His proof of the conjecture used techniques from the
modular representation theory of
groups
A group is a number of persons or things that are located, gathered, or classed together.
Groups of people
* Cultural group, a group whose members share the same cultural identity
* Ethnic group, a group whose members share the same ethnic ide ...
, which he later applied to work on
cohomology
In mathematics, specifically in homology theory and algebraic topology, cohomology is a general term for a sequence of abelian groups, usually one associated with a topological space, often defined from a cochain complex. Cohomology can be view ...
of groups and algebraic ''K''-theory. He also worked on
complex cobordism, showing that its
formal group law is essentially the universal one.
In related work, he also supplied a proof of
Serre's conjecture about the triviality of algebraic
vector bundle
In mathematics, a vector bundle is a topological construction that makes precise the idea of a family of vector spaces parameterized by another space X (for example X could be a topological space, a manifold, or an algebraic variety): to every p ...
s on
affine space
In mathematics, an affine space is a geometric structure that generalizes some of the properties of Euclidean spaces in such a way that these are independent of the concepts of distance and measure of angles, keeping only the properties related ...
, which led to the
Bass–Quillen conjecture
In mathematics, the Bass–Quillen conjecture relates vector bundles over a regular Noetherian ring ''A'' and over the polynomial ring A _1, \dots, t_n/math>. The conjecture is named for Hyman Bass and Daniel Quillen, who formulated the c ...
. He was also an architect (along with
Dennis Sullivan
Dennis Parnell Sullivan (born February 12, 1941) is an American mathematician known for his work in algebraic topology, geometric topology, and dynamical systems. He holds the Albert Einstein Chair at the City University of New York Graduate C ...
) of
rational homotopy theory
In mathematics and specifically in topology, rational homotopy theory is a simplified version of homotopy theory for topological spaces, in which all torsion in the homotopy groups is ignored. It was founded by and . This simplification of homoto ...
.
He introduced the
Quillen determinant line bundle In mathematics, the Quillen determinant line bundle is a line bundle over the space of Cauchy–Riemann operators of a vector bundle over a Riemann surface, introduced by . Quillen proved the existence of the Quillen metric on the determinant li ...
and the
Mathai–Quillen formalism.
See also
*
Friedhelm Waldhausen
Selected publications
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
* (
Quillen's Q-construction)
*
*
*
References
External links
Archive of Daniel Quillen’s notebooks for the years 1970 through 2003at the
Clay Mathematics Institute
The Clay Mathematics Institute (CMI) is a private, non-profit foundation dedicated to increasing and disseminating mathematical knowledge. Formerly based in Peterborough, New Hampshire, the corporate address is now in Denver, Colorado. CMI's sc ...
*
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Quillen, Daniel
1940 births
2011 deaths
20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
Deaths from dementia in Florida
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Fields Medalists
Putnam Fellows
Algebraists
Topologists
Institute for Advanced Study visiting scholars
Harvard University alumni
People from Orange, New Jersey
Waynflete Professors of Pure Mathematics
Fellows of Magdalen College, Oxford
Mathematicians from New Jersey
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science faculty
Newark Academy alumni