Diosmin (diosmetin 7-O-rutinoside), a flavone glycoside of diosmetin, is manufactured from peel (fruit), citrus fruit peels as a phlebotonic prescription drug, non-prescription dietary supplement used to aid treatment of hemorrhoids or chronic venous insufficiency, chronic venous diseases, mainly of the legs.

Uses

Diosmin is a dietary supplement used to aid treatment of hemorrhoids and venous diseases, i.e., chronic venous insufficiency including spider and varicose veins, leg swelling (edema), stasis dermatitis and venous ulcers. The mechanism of action of Diosmin and other phlebotonics is undefined, and evidence-based medicine, clinical evidence of benefit is limited. Diosmin is not recommended for treating the rectum, rectal mucosa, skin irritations, or wounds, and should not be used to treat dermatitis, eczema, or urticaria. Diosmin is not recommended for use in children or women during pregnancy. There is moderate-quality evidence that diosmin or other phlebotonics improved leg and ankle swelling and lower leg pain, and low-quality evidence for treating hemorrhoids.

Phlebotonics

Diosmin is included among a small class of agents called "phlebotonics" having heterogeneous composition and consisting partly of peel (fruit), citrus peel extracts (flavonoids, such as hesperidin) and synthetic compounds, which are used to treat chronic venous insufficiency or hemorrhoids. In 2017, the American Working Group in Chronic Venous Disease recommended use of micronized purified flavonoid fraction (diosmiplex) as a medical food for chronic venous disease symptoms and venous ulcers, having "beneficial outcomes without serious adverse events", alone or combined with compression stockings, compression therapy, concurring with the previous guidance of the International European Society for Vascular Surgery. The Deutsche Dermatologische Gesellschaft, German Dermatological Society indicated that Diosmin may be used with other treatments for symptoms of chronic venous diseases. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons mentions phlebotonics as a possible treatment for symptoms of hemorrhoid grades I to II, as there is only moderate-quality evidence of effectiveness with "expectations of minimal harm", while having no evidence of long-term benefit. French, Indian, Portuguese, and Italian professional societies of coloproctology issued similar recommendations regarding phlebotonics for hemorrhoids.

Adverse effects

In some 10% of users, diosmin causes mild gastrointestinal disease, gastrointestinal disorders or skin irritations (hives, itching), stomach pain, nausea, heart arrhythmias, or anemia. Preliminary research indicates no evidence of toxicity. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) concluded in 2001 that there was inadequate evidence on which to base an expectation of safety. , the FDA did not revise this position.

Regulatory status

Diosmin is distributed in the U.S. as a dietary supplement called Daflon. Diosmin is not approved as a prescription drug in the United States, although it is available as over-the-counter or prescription-only drug in Europe sold under name Detralex among others. Phlebotonics are not approved in Germany, and are restricted in Spain only for the treatment of chronic venous diseases.

References

{{flavone Flavone glycosides Dietary supplements Medical food

Uses

Phlebotonics

Adverse effects

Regulatory status

See also

References