''Danio'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of small

freshwater fish Freshwater fish are fish species that spend some or all of their lives in bodies of fresh water such as rivers, lakes, ponds and inland wetlands, where the salinity is less than 1.05%. These environments differ from marine habitats in many wa ...

in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family, including the carps, the true minnows, and their relatives the barbs and barbels, among others. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and t ...

found in

South South is one of the cardinal directions or compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both west and east. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Proto-Germanic ''*sunþa ...

and

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Mainland Au ...

, commonly kept in aquaria. They are generally characterised by a pattern of horizontal stripes, rows of spots or vertical bars. Some

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

have two pairs of long

barbel Barbel may refer to: *Barbel (anatomy), a whisker-like organ near the mouth found in some fish (notably catfish, loaches and cyprinids) and turtles *Barbel (fish), a common name for certain species of fish **''Barbus barbus'', a species of cyprini ...

s. Species of this genus consume various small aquatic

insects Insects (from Latin ') are hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed ...

crustacean Crustaceans (from Latin meaning: "those with shells" or "crusted ones") are invertebrate animals that constitute one group of arthropods that are traditionally a part of the subphylum Crustacea (), a large, diverse group of mainly aquatic arthrop ...

s and

worm Worms are many different distantly related bilateria, bilateral animals that typically have a long cylindrical tube-like body, no limb (anatomy), limbs, and usually no eyes. Worms vary in size from microscopic to over in length for marine ...

Taxonomy

The name ''"danio"'' comes from the

Bangla Bangla () may refer to: *Bengali language, an eastern Indo-Aryan language *The endonym of Bengal, a geographical and ethno-linguistic region in South Asia *''Bangla-'', a prefix indicating Bangladesh *West Bengal, a state in eastern India, also kn ...

name ''dhani'', meaning "of the rice field". ''Danio'' was described in the early 19th century by Francis Hamilton. Two of the species included by him in the genus, still remain valid—''D. dangila'' and ''D. rerio''. About a century later (1916) and with many more species described in the meantime, the genus was split; the larger species into ''Danio'' and the smaller species into the genus ''Brachydanio''.Spence, R., Gerlach, G., Lawrence, C. & Smith, C. (2007)
The behaviour and ecology of the zebrafish, ''Danio rerio''.
''Biological Reviews'', 83 (1): 13–34. In 1991, though, the two genera were recombined; most larger species formerly within the genus ''Danio'' have now been reclassified into the genus ''

Devario ''Devario'' is a genus of fish in the family (biology), family Danionidae, a family which also contains several other genera of popular freshwater aquarium fish such as ''Rasbora'' and ''Danio''. ''Devario'' are native to the rivers and streams ...

''. Also, ''Brachydanio'' is now a

junior synonym In taxonomy, the scientific classification of living organisms, a synonym is an alternative scientific name for the accepted scientific name of a taxon. The botanical and zoological codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. ...

of ''Danio''.Fang, F. (2003)
Phylogenetic Analysis of the Asian Cyprinid Genus ''Danio'' (Teleostei, Cyprinidae).
''Copeia'', 2003 (4): 714–728.

Species

These are the currently recognized species in this genus: * ''

Danio absconditus The black-barred danio (''Danio absconditus'') is a species of ''Danio'' discovered in Myanmar Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country ...

'' Kullander &

Britz Britz () is a German locality (''Ortsteil'') within the Berlin borough (''Bezirk'') of Neukölln. History The village of ''Britzig'' was first mentioned in 1273. It was incorporated by the 1920 Greater Berlin Act. It is known for being the sit ...

, 2015 (Black-barred danio) * '' Danio aesculapii'' Kullander & F. Fang, 2009 (Panther danio) * '' Danio albolineatus'' ( Blyth, 1860) (Pearl danio) * '' Danio annulosus'' Kullander, Rahman, Norén & Mollah, 2015 * ''

Danio assamila ''Danio assamila'' is a species of ''Danio'' found in the Brahmaputra River drainage in India. References

Danio, assamila Fish described in 2015 Taxa named by Sven O. Kullander {{Danioninae-stub ...

'' Kullander, 2015 * '' Danio catenatus'' Kullander, 2015 * '' Danio choprae'' Hora, 1928 (Glowlight danio) * '' Danio concatenatus'' Kullander, 2015 * ''

Danio dangila Danio dangila, the moustached danio, is a freshwater fish, and is the largest of the true ''Danio'' species at up to long. Its name is from its particularly long barbels. It is sometimes kept in aquariums, where its relatively passive nature all ...

'' (

Hamilton Hamilton may refer to: * Alexander Hamilton (1755/1757–1804), first U.S. Secretary of the Treasury and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States * ''Hamilton'' (musical), a 2015 Broadway musical by Lin-Manuel Miranda ** ''Hamilton'' (al ...

, 1822) * ''

Danio dichromatus ''Danio dichromatus'' is a species of freshwater Actinopterygii, ray-finned fish belonging to the Family (biology), family Danionidae. It was first formally Species desrciption, described in 2024 by Ralph Britz and Sven O. Kullander with its Type ...

'' Britz & Kullander, 2024 * '' Danio erythromicron'' ( Annandale, 1918) * '' Danio feegradei'' Hora, 1937 (Yoma danio) * '' Danio flagrans'' Kullander, 2012 * '' Danio htamanthinus'' Kullander & Norén, 2016 * '' Danio jaintianensis'' ( N. Sen, 2007) * '' Danio kerri'' H. M. Smith, 1931 (Blue danio) * ''

Danio kyathit ''Danio kyathit'', also called ocelot danio, is a small, schooling species of fish in the family Danionidae. It is endemic to the upper reaches of Irrawaddy River near Myitkyina in northern Myanmar. species description, Described in 1998, it is c ...

'' F. Fang, 1998 * '' Danio margaritatus'' ( Roberts, 2007) * '' Danio meghalayensis'' Sen & S. C. Dey, 1985 (Meghalaya danio) * '' Danio nigrofasciatus'' (

Day A day is the time rotation period, period of a full Earth's rotation, rotation of the Earth with respect to the Sun. On average, this is 24 hours (86,400 seconds). As a day passes at a given location it experiences morning, afternoon, evening, ...

, 1870) (Spotted danio) * '' Danio pulcher'' H. M. Smith, 1931 * ''

Danio quagga ''Danio quagga'' is also known as Orange finned danio, is a species of ''Danio'' found in the Chindwin River drainage in western Myanmar. References

Danio, quagga Cyprinid fish of Asia Fish described in 2009 Taxa named by Sven O. Kulland ...

'' Kullander, T. Y. Liao & F. Fang, 2009 * ''

Danio rerio The zebrafish (''Danio rerio'') is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Danionidae of the order Cypriniformes. Native to South Asia, it is a popular aquarium fish, frequently sold under the trade name zebra danio (a ...

'' (Hamilton, 1822) (Zebrafish) * '' Danio roseus'' F. Fang & Kottelat, 2000 (Rose danio) * '' Danio sysphigmatus'' Kullander, 2015 * '' Danio tinwini'' Kullander & F. Fang, 2009 * '' Danio tweediei'' Brittan, 1956

References

{{Authority control Danioninae Fish of Southeast Asia Fish of South Asia Taxa named by Francis Buchanan-Hamilton