A cooking apple or culinary apple is an

apple An apple is an edible fruit produced by an apple tree (''Malus domestica''). Apple trees are cultivated worldwide and are the most widely grown species in the genus '' Malus''. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancest ...

that is used primarily for cooking, as opposed to a ''

dessert apple Table apples or dessert apples are a group of Apple#Cultivars, apple cultivars grown for eating raw as opposed to cooking or cider, cidermaking. Table apples are usually sweet and the most prized exhibit particular aroma variations that differenti ...

'', which is eaten raw. Cooking apples are generally larger, and can be tarter than dessert varieties. Some varieties have a firm flesh that does not break down much when cooked. Culinary varieties with a high acid content produce froth when cooked, which is desirable for some recipes. Britain grows a large range of apples specifically for cooking. Worldwide, dual-purpose varieties (for both cooking and eating raw) are more widely grown. Apples can be cooked down into

sauce In cooking, a sauce is a liquid, cream, or semi-solid food, served on or used in preparing other foods. Most sauces are not normally consumed by themselves; they add flavor, moisture, and visual appeal to a dish. ''Sauce'' is a French wor ...

apple butter Apple butter is a highly concentrated form of apple sauce produced by long, slow cooking of apples with cider or water to a point where the sugar in the apples caramelizes, turning the apple butter a deep brown. The concentration of sugar gives a ...

, or

fruit preserves Fruit preserves are preparations of fruits whose main preserving agent is sugar and sometimes acid, often stored in glass jars and used as a condiment or spread. There are many varieties of fruit preserves globally, distinguished by the met ...

. They can be baked in an oven and served with

custard Custard is a variety of culinary preparations based on sweetened milk, cheese, or cream cooked with egg or egg yolk to thicken it, and sometimes also flour, corn starch, or gelatin. Depending on the recipe, custard may vary in consistency fr ...

, and made into pies or

apple crumble An apple crumble is a British dessert featuring baked apple with a crunchy topping. In the UK, the term 'crumble' refers to both a dessert similar to the American apple crisp, which is topped with rolled oats and brown sugar, or a dessert topp ...

. In the UK roast pork is commonly served with cold

apple sauce Apple sauce or applesauce is a purée (not necessarily served as a true sauce) made of apples. It can be made with peeled or unpeeled apples and may be spiced or sweetened. Apple sauce is inexpensive and is widely consumed in North America and s ...

made from boiled and mashed apples. Bramley apple is by far the most popular cooking apple in the United Kingdom, while

Granny Smith The Granny Smith, also known as a green apple or sour apple, is an apple cultivar which originated in Australia in 1868. It is named after Maria Ann Smith, who propagated the cultivar from a chance seedling. The tree is thought to be a hybrid ...

may be the most popular in the United States and Australia (where it originated). A baked apple is

baked Baking is a method of preparing food that uses dry heat, typically in an oven, but can also be done in hot ashes, or on hot stones. The most common baked item is bread but many other types of foods can be baked. Heat is gradually transferre ...

in an

oven upA double oven A ceramic oven An oven is a tool which is used to expose materials to a hot environment. Ovens contain a hollow chamber and provide a means of heating the chamber in a controlled way. In use since antiquity, they have been use ...

until it has become soft. The core is usually removed and the resulting cavity stuffed with fruits,

brown sugar Brown sugar is unrefined or partially refined soft sugar. Brown Sugar may also refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Brown Sugar'' (1922 film), a 1922 British silent film directed by Fred Paul * ''Brown Sugar'' (1931 film), a 1931 ...

raisin A raisin is a dried grape. Raisins are produced in many regions of the world and may be eaten raw or used in cooking, baking, and brewing. In the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, and Australia, the word ''raisin'' is reserved for the ...

s, or

cinnamon Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus '' Cinnamomum''. Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive in a wide variety of cuisines, sweet and savoury dishes, breakf ...

, and sometimes a liquor such as

brandy Brandy is a liquor produced by distilling wine. Brandy generally contains 35–60% alcohol by volume (70–120 US proof) and is typically consumed as an after-dinner digestif. Some brandies are aged in wooden casks. Others are coloured with ...

. An

apple dumpling An apple dumpling is a baked or boiled pastry-wrapped apple. To prepare apple dumplings, apples are peeled, cored and sometimes quartered and placed on a portion of dough. The hole from the core may be filled with cinnamon, butter and sugar and ...

adds a pastry crust.

John Claudius Loudon John Claudius Loudon (8 April 1783 – 14 December 1843) was a Scottish botanist, garden designer and author. He was the first to use the term arboretum in writing to refer to a garden of plants, especially trees, collected for the purpose of ...

wrote in 1842:

History

Popular cooking apples in US, in the late 19th century. Tart: Duchess of Oldenburg, Fallawater, Gravenstein, Horse, Keswick Codlin, Red Astrachan, Rhode Island Greening, Tetofsky. Sweet: Golden Sweet, Maverack Sweet, Peach Pound Sweet, Tolman Sweet and Willis Sweet. Popular cooking apples in the early 20th century´s England: Alfriston, Beauty of Kent, Bismark, Bramley, Cox Pomona, Dumelow, Ecklinville, Emneth Early, Golden Noble, Grenadier, Lord Grosvenor, Lord Derby, Newton Wonder, Stirling Castle, Warners King.

Cooking apple cultivars

D = Dual purpose ( table + cooking). Cooking result P = Puree K = Keeps Shape * Alfriston P * Allington K * Annie Elizabeth K *

Antonovka Antonovka (russian: Антоновка, pl, Antonówka) is a group of late-fall or early-winter apple cultivars with a strong acid flavor that have been popular in Russia (Soviet Union and the Russian Empire) as well as in Poland and Belar ...

P * Arthur Turner P * Baldwin * Ballyfatten * Bancroft * Baron Ward *

Beacon A beacon is an intentionally conspicuous device designed to attract attention to a specific location. A common example is the lighthouse, which draws attention to a fixed point that can be used to navigate around obstacles or into port. More mode ...

* Beauty of Kent P * Belle de Boskoop K * Bismarck apple P * Black Amish – also consumed as an eating apple * Black Twig D * Blenheim Orange P - K *

Bloody Ploughman The Bloody Ploughman is a domesticated apple cultivar. The cultivar originated in Scotland. Characteristics *The cavity is deep, narrow, is mostly lined with russet which can spread out over the shoulder. *The stalk is sturdy. * The basin va ...

* Bountiful *

Braeburn The Braeburn is a cultivar of apple that is firm to the touch with a red/orange vertical streaky appearance on a yellow/green background. Its color intensity varies with different growing conditions. It was discovered as a chance seedling in 1 ...

K * Bramley P *

Crab apple ''Malus'' ( or ) is a genus of about 30–55 species of small deciduous trees or shrubs in the family Rosaceae, including the domesticated orchard apple, crab apples, wild apples, and rainberries. The genus is native to the temperate zone ...

(primarily for jelly) * Burr Knot P * Byflett Seedling P * Byford Wonder K *

Calville Blanc d'hiver The Calville Blanc d'hiver (''White Winter Calville'') is an apple cultivar. It originated in France in the 17th century from a chance seedling. The older apple varieties that carry the name "Calville" was very popular in Germany and France and ...

K * Calville Rouge d´automne K * Calville Rouge d´hiver P *

Campanino Campanino ( it, mela campanina; in the Emilian dialect Mirandolese , ), also known as , , or , , is a variety of the domestic apple. Thanks to its long shelf life, the has been popular not only in Italy but also in export to countries such as ...

* Carlisle Codlin P * Carolina Red June * Carter's Blue * Catshead P * Cellini P * Charles Ross K * Chelmsford Wonder P * Cockle Pippin P * Colloggett Pippin P - K * 'Cortland' D * Coul Blush * Cox Pomona P - K * Custard * Danziger Kantapfel K * Duchess of Oldenburg * Dudley Winter *

Dumelow's Seedling Dumelow's Seedling is a cultivar of domesticated apple that originated at Shackerstone in Leicestershire where it was grown by Richard Dumeller in 1800. It is known by many other names including 'Dumelow's Crab', 'Wellington', 'Doncklaer', 'Be ...

P *

Edward VII Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until Death and state funeral of Edward VII, his death in 1910. The second chil ...

P * Emneth Early *

Esopus Spitzenburg Esopus Spitzenburg or Aesopus Spitzenburgh is a variety of apple. It was discovered early in the 18th century near Esopus, New York and is reputed to have been a favorite apple of Thomas Jefferson, who planted several of the trees at Monticello. ...

D * Fallawater * Flower of Kent * Galloway K * Gennet Moyle * George Neal * Glockenapfel * Ginger Gold * Golden Noble * Golden Pippi * Golden Reinette P - K * Golden Sweet * Gragg *

Gravenstein Gravenstein (Danish: ''Gråsten'', meaning "graystone", after Gråsten Palace) is a triploid apple cultivar that originated in the 17th century or earlier. The fruit has a tart flavor, and it is heavily used as a cooking apple, especially f ...

– also consumed as an eating apple * Greenup´s Pippin P *

Grenadier A grenadier ( , ; derived from the word ''grenade'') was originally a specialist soldier who threw hand grenades in battle. The distinct combat function of the grenadier was established in the mid-17th century, when grenadiers were recruited from ...

* Hambledon Deux Ans P - K * Harrison Cider Apple *

Hawthornden Wangsa Maju is a township and a constituency in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This area is surrounded by Setapak, Taman Melati and Gombak district in Selangor. Wangsa Maju is one of the largest townships in Kuala Lumpur and consists of many section ...

P * Howgate Wonder K * Irish Peach * Isaac Newton * James Grieve – also consumed as an eating apple *

Jonathan Jonathan may refer to: *Jonathan (name), a masculine given name Media * ''Jonathan'' (1970 film), a German film directed by Hans W. Geißendörfer * ''Jonathan'' (2016 film), a German film directed by Piotr J. Lewandowski * ''Jonathan'' (2018 ...

– also consumed as an eating apple * Jumbo * Keswick Codlin P * King of the Pippins K D * Landsberger Reinette * Lane's Prince Albert P * Lodi * Lord Derby P * Lowell * Maiden Blush * Malinda *

McIntosh McIntosh, Macintosh, or Mackintosh (Gaelic: ') may refer to: Products and brands * Mackintosh, a form of waterproof raincoat * Mackintosh's or John Mackintosh and Co., later Rowntree Mackintosh, former UK confectionery company now part of Nestl� ...

– also consumed as an eating apple * My Jewel * Newell-Kimzey (aka

Airlie Red Flesh The Airlie Red Flesh, (also known as the Hidden Rose or the Mountain Rose), is a cultivar of domesticated apple. Overview The Airlie Red Flesh tree will grow to a height of to , and starts to fruit after about 4 years of growing. Airlie Red Fl ...

) *

Newton Wonder ''Malus domestica'' Newton Wonder (commonly known as Newton's Wonder or Newton's Apple) is a cultivar of apple which is usually eaten cooked due to its sourness. The variety has a similar but slightly sweeter taste than the Bramley apple and is ...

P * Nickajack * Norfolk Biffin K * Northern greening * Northern Spy * Oldenburg *

Paulared Paula Red (or Paulared) is an apple cultivar that arose as a seedling next to an orchard of McIntosh trees. It ripens late in the summer. Appearance and flavor Paulared apples are bright red with some yellow and tan spots; the skin often has ...

D * Peasgood's Nonsuch P - K * Pink Lady – also consumed as an eating apple *

Pinova 'Pinova' is a German apple cultivar. It was created in 1965 at the Institut für Obstforschung of Dresden–Pillnitz in Saxony which at that time was in the German Democratic Republic. After Germany was re-united in 1990, the rights to the c ...

* Porter's * Pott's Seedling *

Pumpkin Sweet apple A pumpkin is a vernacular term for mature winter squash of species and varieties in the genus ''Cucurbita'' that has culinary and cultural significance but no agreed upon botanical or scientific meaning. The term ''pumpkin'' is sometimes use ...

* Queen P * Red Astrachan * Red Prince * Reverend W. Wilks P *

Rhode Island Greening The 'Rhode Island Greening' is an American apple variety and the official fruit of the state of Rhode Island. History The Rhode Island Greening originated around 1650 near Green's End in Middletown, Rhode Island. The first Greenings were grow ...

* Rome Beauty * Sandow * Scotch Bridget * Scotch Dumpling * Schoolmaster P * Stirling Castle P * Smokehouse * Snow apple (aka Fameuse) *

Spartan Sparta ( Doric Greek: Σπάρτα, ''Spártā''; Attic Greek: Σπάρτη, ''Spártē'') was a prominent city-state in Laconia, in ancient Greece. In antiquity, the city-state was known as Lacedaemon (, ), while the name Sparta refe ...

Stayman Stayman is a bidding convention in the card game contract bridge. It is used by a partnership to find a 4-4 or 5-3 trump fit in a suit after making a one (1NT) opening bid and it has been adapted for use after a 2NT opening, a 1NT overcall, a ...

* Stirling Castle P * Surprise K * Tetofsky * Tickled Pink * Tolman Sweet * Tom Putt *

Topaz Topaz is a silicate mineral of aluminium and fluorine with the chemical formula Al Si O( F, OH). It is used as a gemstone in jewelry and other adornments. Common topaz in its natural state is colorless, though trace element impurities can mak ...

* Transparante de Croncels K * Twenty Ounce K * Wagener * Warner's King P * Wealthy D * White Melrose * White Transparent *

Winesap Winesap is an old apple cultivar of unknown origin, dating at least to American colonial times. Its apples are sweet with a tangy finish. They are used for eating, cooking, and are especially prized for making cider.York Imperial D

References

{{Apples, state=collapsed Apples Apple dishes Baked foods

History

Cooking apple cultivars

See also

References