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"Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems" is a paper published in 1949 by
Claude Shannon Claude Elwood Shannon (April 30, 1916 – February 24, 2001) was an American mathematician, electrical engineer, and cryptographer known as a "father of information theory". As a 21-year-old master's degree student at the Massachusetts I ...
discussing
cryptography Cryptography, or cryptology (from grc, , translit=kryptós "hidden, secret"; and ''graphein'', "to write", or '' -logia'', "study", respectively), is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of adv ...
from the viewpoint of
information theory Information theory is the scientific study of the quantification, storage, and communication of information. The field was originally established by the works of Harry Nyquist and Ralph Hartley, in the 1920s, and Claude Shannon in the 1940s. ...
. It is one of the foundational treatments (arguably ''the'' foundational treatment) of modern cryptography. It is also a proof that all theoretically unbreakable ciphers must have the same requirements as the
one-time pad In cryptography, the one-time pad (OTP) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked, but requires the use of a single-use pre-shared key that is not smaller than the message being sent. In this technique, a plaintext is paired with a ra ...
. Shannon published an earlier version of this research in the formerly classified report ''A Mathematical Theory of Cryptography,'' Memorandum MM 45-110-02, Sept. 1, 1945, Bell Laboratories.Bibliography of Claude Elwood Shannon
/ref> This report also precedes the publication of his " A Mathematical Theory of Communication", which appeared in 1948.


See also

*
Confusion and diffusion In cryptography, confusion and diffusion are two properties of the operation of a secure cipher identified by Claude Shannon in his 1945 classified report ''A Mathematical Theory of Cryptography'.'' These properties, when present, work to thwar ...
* Product cipher *
One-time pad In cryptography, the one-time pad (OTP) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked, but requires the use of a single-use pre-shared key that is not smaller than the message being sent. In this technique, a plaintext is paired with a ra ...
* Unicity distance


References

* Shannon, Claude. "Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems", ''
Bell System Technical Journal The ''Bell Labs Technical Journal'' is the in-house scientific journal for scientists of Nokia Bell Labs, published yearly by the IEEE society. The managing editor is Charles Bahr. The journal was originally established as the ''Bell System Tech ...
'', vol. 28(4), page 656–715, 1949. * Shannon, Claude. "A Mathematical Theory of Cryptography", Memorandum MM 45-110-02, Sept. 1, 1945, Bell Laboratories.


Notes

https://www.itsoc.org/about/shannon


External links


Online retyped copy of the paper


{{Authority control History of cryptography Cryptography publications 1945 in science 1949 documents 1949 in science 1945 documents Mathematics papers