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The Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command (COMNAVMETOCCOM) or CNMOC, serves as the operational arm of the Naval Oceanography Program. Headquartered at the Stennis Space Center in Mississippi, CNMOC is an echelon three command reporting to
United States Fleet Forces Command The United States Fleet Forces Command (USFF) is a service component command of the United States Navy that provides naval forces to a wide variety of U.S. forces. The naval resources may be allocated to Combatant Commanders such as United Sta ...
(USFLTFORCOM). CNMOC's clemency is globally distributed, with assets on larger ships (aircraft carriers, amphibious ships, and command and control ships), shore facilities at fleet concentration areas, and larger production centers in the US. CNMOC is focused on providing critical environmental knowledge to the war fighting disciplines of Anti-Submarine Warfare, Naval Special Warfare, Mine Warfare, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance, and Fleet Operations (Strike and Expeditionary), as well as to the support areas of Maritime Operations, Aviation Operations, Navigation, Precise Time, and Astrometry. The Oceanographer of the Navy works closely with the staff of CNMOC to ensure the proper resources are available to meet its mission, to act as a liaison between CNMOC and the Chief of Naval Operations, and to represent the Naval Oceanography Program in interagency and international forums.


Mission

Responsible for command and management of the Naval Oceanography Program, utilizing meteorology and oceanography, GI&S, and precise time and astrometry, to leverage the environment to enable successful strategic, tactical and operational battle space utilization across the continuum of campaigning and at all levels of war – strategic, operational and tactical.


History

The Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command traces its ancestry to the Depot of Charts and Instruments, a nineteenth-century repository for nautical charts and navigational equipment. In the 1840s, its superintendent, Lieutenant Matthew Fontaine Maury, created and published a revolutionary series of ocean current and wind charts. This information, still used in modern computer models of the ocean basins and
atmosphere An atmosphere () is a layer of gas or layers of gases that envelop a planet, and is held in place by the gravity of the planetary body. A planet retains an atmosphere when the gravity is great and the temperature of the atmosphere is low. A ...
, laid the foundation for the sciences of
oceanography Oceanography (), also known as oceanology and ocean science, is the scientific study of the oceans. It is an Earth science, which covers a wide range of topics, including ecosystem dynamics; ocean currents, waves, and geophysical fluid dynami ...
and
meteorology Meteorology is a branch of the atmospheric sciences (which include atmospheric chemistry and physics) with a major focus on weather forecasting. The study of meteorology dates back millennia, though significant progress in meteorology did no ...
. Atmospheric science was further developed with the birth of
naval aviation Naval aviation is the application of military air power by navies, whether from warships that embark aircraft, or land bases. Naval aviation is typically projected to a position nearer the target by way of an aircraft carrier. Carrier-based ...
early in the twentieth century. During World War I and the following decades, naval aerological specialists applied the fledgling concepts of air masses and fronts to warfare, and provided forecasts to the first
transatlantic flight A transatlantic flight is the flight of an aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean from Europe, Africa, South Asia, or the Middle East to North America, Central America, or South America, or ''vice versa''. Such flights have been made by fixed-wing air ...
. The Navy's weather and ocean programs contributed greatly to Allied victory in World War II. In the Pacific, Navy forecasters cracked the Japanese weather code. Hydrographic survey ships, often under enemy fire, collected data along foreign coastlines for the creation of critical navigation charts. In the mid-1970s, the Navy's meteorology and oceanography programs were integrated in a single organization reflecting nature's close interaction of sea and air. This structure is today the Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. On November 1, 2017, Rear Admiral John A. Okon relieved Rear Admiral Timothy C. Gallaudet as commander. On June 25, 2021, Rear Admiral Ronald J. Piret assumed command from Rear Admiral Okon.


Organization

Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command is a third echelon operational command reporting to Fleet Forces Command. The Command's personnel are at its headquarters at the John C. Stennis Space Center near Bay St. Louis, Mississippi, and at several field activities around the world. Effective October 1, 2014, the Command's major subordinate activities fourth echelon commands include the
Naval Oceanographic Office The Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO), located at John C. Stennis Space Center in south Mississippi, comprises approximately 1,000 civilian, military and contract personnel responsible for providing oceanographic products and services to al ...
, at Stennis Space Center Mississippi; Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center, in Monterey, California; the Naval Observatory, in Washington, D.C.; the Naval Oceanography Operations Command, at Stennis Space Center, Mississippi; the Fleet Weather Center Norfolk, in Norfolk, Virginia; and Fleet Weather Center San Diego, in San Diego, California. The Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Professional Development Center in Gulfport, Mississippi has been renamed Information Warfare Training Group Gulfport. All Commands have been administratively realigned to Naval Information Forces, Suffolk, Virginia. Operational control of Navy Oceanography forces remains aligned to Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command. Furthermore, effective October 1, 2014, the Command realigned its fifth echelon commands. The Naval Ice Center, in Suitland, Maryland aligned underneath the Fleet Weather Center Norfolk; The
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, So ...
, in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii aligned underneath Fleet Weather Center San Diego; The
Fleet Survey Team Composed of approximately 55 military and civilian members, Fleet Survey Team (FST) is collocated with the Naval Oceanographic Office The Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO), located at John C. Stennis Space Center in south Mississippi, c ...
, at Stennis Space Center, Mississippi aligned underneath the Naval Oceanographic Office; Naval Oceanography Anti-Submarine Warfare Center - Stennis Space Center, Mississippi, Naval Oceanography Mine Warfare Center - Stennis Space Center, Mississippi, and Naval Oceanography Special Warfare Center - San Diego, California who all align underneath The Naval Oceanography Operations Command; In 2020 Naval Oceanography Anti-Submarine Warfare Center - Yokosuka, Japan, re-aligned under Fleet Weather Center San Diego. In 2020, Strike Group Oceanography Teams were established in San Diego and then Norfolk aligned under the respective Fleet Weather Centers. The Command provides meteorological and oceanographic services to five of the Navy's war fighting disciplines: * Anti-Submarine Warfare; * Special Warfare; * Mine Warfare; * Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance; * and Fleet Operations (Strike and Expeditionary) It also supports Navigation, Precise Time and Astrometry, Maritime Operations and Aviation Operations.


2020 realignment

In Fall 2020, Echelon 4 and 5 commands were again realigned to reflect the following: Fleet Weather Center San Diego now is ISC to Strike Group Oceanography Team San Diego, Naval Oceanography Anti-Submarine Warfare Center Yokosuka, Fleet Weather Center Component Bahrain, and
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, So ...
. Fleet Weather Center Norfolk is ISC to Strike Group Oceanography Team Norfolk and Naval Ice Command. The Naval Oceanography Operations Command is ISC to
Fleet Survey Team Composed of approximately 55 military and civilian members, Fleet Survey Team (FST) is collocated with the Naval Oceanographic Office The Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO), located at John C. Stennis Space Center in south Mississippi, c ...
and Naval Oceanography Special Warfare Center.


References


External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Naval Meteorology And Oceanography Command
Meteorology Meteorology is a branch of the atmospheric sciences (which include atmospheric chemistry and physics) with a major focus on weather forecasting. The study of meteorology dates back millennia, though significant progress in meteorology did no ...
Military installations in Mississippi Naval meteorology Governmental meteorological agencies in North America Oceanographic organizations