was the classification given to the two prototype Japanese

Shinkansen The , colloquially known in English as the bullet train, is a network of high-speed railway lines in Japan. Initially, it was built to connect distant Japanese regions with Tokyo, the capital, to aid economic growth and development. Beyond l ...

trains built for high-speed testing ahead of the opening of the

Tōkaidō Shinkansen The is a Japanese high-speed rail line that is part of the nationwide Shinkansen network. Along with the Sanyo Shinkansen, it forms a continuous high-speed railway through the Taiheiyō Belt, also known as the Tokaido corridor. Opened in 19 ...

in 1964.

Formations

Set A

# 1001 (Mc) built by Kisha Seizo,

seating capacity Seating capacity is the number of people who can be seated in a specific space, in terms of both the physical space available, and limitations set by law. Seating capacity can be used in the description of anything ranging from an automobile tha ...

56 (actual 16), DT9002 bogies # 1002 (MDc) built by

Nippon Sharyo , formed in 1896, is a major rolling stock manufacturer based in Nagoya, Japan. In 1996, it abbreviated its name to "日本車両" Nippon Sharyō. Its shortest abbreviation is Nissha "日車". It was a listed company on Nikkei 225 until 2 ...

, seating capacity 80, DT9001 bogies

Set B

# 1003 (Mc) built by

Hitachi () is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. It is the parent company of the Hitachi Group (''Hitachi Gurūpu'') and had formed part of the Nissan ''zaibatsu'' and later DKB Group and Fuyo G ...

, seating capacity 70, DT9006 bogies # 1004 (MD) built by

, seating capacity 100, DT9004 bogies # 1005 (M) built by Kawasaki Sharyo, seating capacity 80, DT9005 bogies # 1006 (MDc) built by

Kinki Sharyo is a Japanese manufacturer of railroad vehicles based in Osaka. It is an affiliate company of Kintetsu Corporation. In business since 1920 (as Tanaka Rolling Stock Works) and renamed The Kinki Sharyo Co., Ltd in 1945. They have produced light r ...

, seating capacity 80, DT9003 bogies

Construction

All vehicles were of welded steel construction, and had rounded cab windows except for car 1006 which had an angular design which was ultimately used on the production 0 series vehicles. Due to differing vehicle construction, car 1004 in set B had unusual elongated hexagonal windows. Among the features not continued on the production 0 series units were externally sliding doors, and a translucent nose section illuminated from inside by fifteen 20 W fluorescent tubes. Cars 1002, 1004 and 1006 were fitted with auxiliary pantographs adjacent to the main pantographs.

Interior

Internally, each car featured a different seating configuration for assessment, as described below. Car 1001 featured two rows each of rotating unidirectional 1st class and 2nd class seating arranged 2+2 abreast. These seats were the same as those used on

151 series The (and the earlier 151 and 161 series variants) was a Japanese limited express electric multiple unit (EMU) type operated by Japanese National Railways (JNR). Variants * 151 series * 161 series * 181 series The 151 series trains were introd ...

limited express A limited express is a type of express train service. It refers to an express service that stops at a limited number of stops in comparison to other express services on the same or similar routes. Japan The term "limited express" is a common ...

EMUs. Car 1002 featured 2nd class seating arranged in back-to-back seating bays, 2+3 abreast with armrests. Seating pitch was . Car 1003 featured 2nd class flip-over reversible seating, 2+3 abreast with a seating pitch of . This was the design ultimately used on the first production 0 series sets. Car 1004 featured 2nd class flip-over reversible seating, 2+3 abreast with a seating pitch of . The design differed from that used in car 1003 in that the seat backs were single-sided. Car 1005 featured second-class seating arranged in wide back-to-back express-style seating bays, 3+3 with no armrests. Seating pitch was . Car 1006 featured second-class seating arranged in back-to-back seating bays, 2+3 abreast with armrests. Seating pitch was . Cars 1001, 1003, and 1005 had toilets and washbasins, Japanese and western style in cars 1001 and 1003, and both Japanese style in car 1005. Urinals were also provided – the first time on general Japanese trains other than dedicated school-trip EMUs.

History

The first car to be built, 1001, was delivered on 16 April 1962 from Tokyo Kisha's factory in

Kōtō is a special ward located in Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. The ward refers to itself as Kōtō City in English. As of May 1, 2015, the ward has an estimated population of 488,632, and a population density of 12,170 persons per km². The total area i ...

, Tokyo, and transferred by road and rail to

's Warabi factory in

Kawaguchi, Saitama is a city located in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 607,373 in 293,582 households and a population density of 9800 persons per km². The total area of the city is . It is the Greater Tokyo Area's 8th most p ...

on 17 April. The two-car set A was then unveiled to the press at Nippon Sharyo on 25 April 1962. Test running was performed on the 32 km "model track" test section between Kamonomiya in

Odawara is a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 188,482 and a population density of 1,700 persons per km2. The total area of the city is . Geography Odawara lies in the Ashigara Plains, in the far western por ...

and Ayase in

Kanagawa Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Kanagawa Prefecture is the second-most populous prefecture of Japan at 9,221,129 (1 April 2022) and third-densest at . Its geographic area of makes it fifth-smallest. Kanag ...

from 26 June 1962. A speed of was first recorded on 27 October 1962 by set B, breaking the previous record of set by the narrow-gauge () KuMoYa 93 test train on 21 November 1960. A speed of was first recorded on 31 October 1962 by set B, was reached on 20 December 1962, was recorded on 19 March 1963, and on 30 March 1963, set B recorded a world speed record of . With the start of test-running and trial service on the Tōkaidō Shinkansen between Tokyo and Osaka in June 1964, set A was reclassified as a Class 941 emergency relief train (cars 941-1 and 941-2), and set B as a Class 922 track and

overhead wire An overhead line or overhead wire is an electrical cable that is used to transmit electrical energy to electric locomotives, trolleybuses or trams. It is known variously as: * Overhead catenary * Overhead contact system (OCS) * Overhead equipm ...

inspection train (set T1) (cars 922-1–4). The Class 941 remained out of use at Osaka Depot, and the Class 922 set was active until the new Class 922/10 set, T2, was delivered in 1974. All six prototype cars were cut up at

Hamamatsu Works is a city located in western Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. the city had an estimated population of 791,707 in 340,591 households, making it the prefecture's largest city, and a population density of . The total area of the site was . Overvi ...

between 1975 and 1976, being used to test the cutting-up facilities ahead of the first batch of 360 0 series cars due for withdrawal.

Models

References

{{High-speed rail experimental Experimental and prototype high-speed trains

1000 1000 or thousand may refer to: * 1000 (number), a natural number * AD 1000, a leap year in the Julian calendar * 1000 BC, a year of the Before Christ era * 1000 metres, a middle-distance running event * 1000°, a German electronic dance music magazi ...