Clan Jardine is a

Scottish clan A Scottish clan (from Gaelic , literally 'children', more broadly 'kindred') is a kinship group among the Scottish people. Clans give a sense of shared identity and descent to members, and in modern times have an official structure recognised ...

of the

Scottish Lowlands The Lowlands ( sco, Lallans or ; gd, a' Ghalldachd, , place of the foreigners, ) is a cultural and historical region of Scotland. Culturally, the Lowlands and the Highlands diverged from the Late Middle Ages into the modern period, when Lo ...

.Way, George and Squire, Romily. ''Collins Scottish Clan & Family Encyclopedia''. (Foreword by The Rt Hon. The Earl of Elgin KT, Convenor, The

Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs The Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs (SCSC) is the organisation that represents the Chiefs of many prominent Scottish Clans and Families. It describes itself as "the definitive and authoritative body for information on the Scottish Clan System ...

). Published in 1994. Pages 176 - 177.

History

Origins of the clan

The surname Jardine is derived from ''jardin'' which is

French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...

for ''garden'' or ''orchard''. However the genealogist, Black, has suggested that this does not mean that they were gardeners, but that they resided near to a garden. The du Jardon family came over to

England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe ...

in 1066 with

William the Conqueror William I; ang, WillelmI (Bates ''William the Conqueror'' p. 33– 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman king of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 10 ...

. The name is first found in

Scotland Scotland (, ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a border with England to the southeast and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to ...

in charters to

Kelso Abbey Kelso Abbey is a ruined Scottish abbey in Kelso, Scotland. It was founded in the 12th century by a community of Tironensian monks first brought to Scotland in the reign of Alexander I. It occupies ground overlooking the confluence of the Twe ...

and

Arbroath Abbey Arbroath Abbey, in the Scottish town of Arbroath, was founded in 1178 by King William the Lion for a group of Tironensian Benedictine monks from Kelso Abbey. It was consecrated in 1197 with a dedication to the deceased Saint Thomas Becket, who ...

prior to 1153, when Wmfredus de Jardin appears as a witness. In about 1178 Humphrey de Jardin witnessed a charter by Robert Bruce to Arbroath Abbey. The name Jardine is also found in the form of ''de Gardinus'' and Patrick de Gardinus was chaplain to the

Bishop of Glasgow The Archbishop of Glasgow is an archiepiscopal title that takes its name after the city of Glasgow in Scotland. The position and title were abolished by the Church of Scotland in 1689; and, in the Scottish Episcopal Church, it is now part of th ...

during the early thirteenth century. Sir Humphrey de Gardino witnessed a registration of the lands of Annandale in 1245. Another variant of the name is found in the

Ragman Rolls Ragman Rolls are the collection of instruments by which the nobility and gentry of Scotland subscribed allegiance to King Edward I of England, during the time between the Conference of Norham in May 1291 and the final award in favour of Balliol i ...

of 1296 where Jorden del Orchard appears rendering homage for his lands in Linlithgow to

Edward I of England Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1272 to 1307. Concurrently, he ruled the duchies of Aquitaine and Gascony as a va ...

. The chiefly line of the Clan Jardine appears to have been established by the fourteenth century at Applegirth on the

River Annan The River Annan (''Abhainn Anann'' in Gaelic) is a river in south-west Scotland. It rises on Annanhead Hill and flows through the Devil's Beef Tub, Moffat and Lockerbie, reaching the sea at Annan, Dumfries and Galloway after about 40 mile ...

Dumfriesshire Dumfriesshire or the County of Dumfries or Shire of Dumfries (''Siorrachd Dhùn Phris'' in Gaelic) is a historic county and registration county in southern Scotland. The Dumfries lieutenancy area covers a similar area to the historic county. I ...

. Their first stronghold was Spedlings Tower which was abandoned in the late seventeenth century. From there the family moved across the river to Jardine Hall. This was allegedly to escape the ghost of a miller who had been left to starve to death in the tower's dungeon. Y-DNA analysis informs us that the

Clan Graham Clan Graham (''Greumaich nan Cearc'' ) is a Scottish clan who had territories in both the Scottish Highlands and Lowlands, with one main branch Montrose, and various cadet branches. The chief of the clan rose to become the Marquess and later ...

and the Clan Jardine share a male line ancestor, short before the two male lines got their Clan name. Both Jordan and Jardine surnames descent from the Jardine line. Since the closest Y-DNA matches are in the Middle East, another scenario for the etymology is possible: "du Jourdain" (from the Jordan river); "from" is used common in a relation to a recognizable city or river (see e.g. the

Companions of William the Conqueror William the Conqueror had men of diverse standing and origins under his command at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. With these and other men he went on in the five succeeding years to conduct the Harrying of the North and complete the Norman conqu ...

), less in relation to a common word like "garden".

16th century and Anglo-Scottish Wars

Sir Alexander Jardine of Applegarth was actively involved in defending the

Scottish Borders The Scottish Borders ( sco, the Mairches, 'the Marches'; gd, Crìochan na h-Alba) is one of 32 council areas of Scotland. It borders the City of Edinburgh, Dumfries and Galloway, East Lothian, Midlothian, South Lanarkshire, West Lot ...

against English incursions. In 1524 Sir Alexander Jardine, along with Lord Maxwell attacked an English host near

Carlisle Carlisle ( , ; from xcb, Caer Luel) is a city that lies within the Northern English county of Cumbria, south of the Scottish border at the confluence of the rivers Eden, Caldew and Petteril. It is the administrative centre of the City ...

and routed them, taking nearly three hundred English prisoners. However Alexander's son, John Jardine, faced English retribution in 1547 when Lord Wharton, with a force of over five thousand, overran Annandale. The Jardine lands were ravaged and he was forced to submit. Later that year the Jardines and some French troops harried the English and exacted a terrible retribution. The Jardines followed the

Clan Johnstone Clan Johnstone is a Border Reiver Scottish clan.Way, George and Squire, Romily. ''Collins Scottish Clan & Family Encyclopedia''. (Foreword by The Rt Hon. The Earl of Elgin KT, Convenor, The Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs). Published in 19 ...

in supporting

Mary, Queen of Scots Mary, Queen of Scots (8 December 1542 – 8 February 1587), also known as Mary Stuart or Mary I of Scotland, was Queen of Scotland from 14 December 1542 until her forced abdication in 1567. The only surviving legitimate child of James V of S ...

. However, when the queen married the Earl of Bothwell the Jardines declared allegiance to the infant

James VI of Scotland James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until ...

. For the support of his clan, Jardine was to receive a pension from the Archbishopric of Glasgow, but it was never paid.

17th and 18th centuries

Another John Jardine, fourth in descent from Sir Alexander, married Margaret Douglas who was the sister of the first Duke of Queensberry. Their elder son, Alexander Jardine, was created a Baronet of Nova Scotia in 1672. The fourth baronet lived on the Continent and embraced the Catholic faith, becoming a Knight of the Sovereign Order of Malta. He died in 1790 and was succeeded by his brother, Sir William. Yet another William was

Sir William Jardine, 7th Baronet Sir William Jardine, 7th Baronet of Applegarth FRS FRSE FLS FSA (23 February 1800 – 21 November 1874) was a Scottish naturalist. He is known for his editing of a long series of natural history books, ''The Naturalist's Library''. Life an ...

who distinguished himself as an author and editor of works of natural history.

Modern history

Sir William Jardine, twelfth Baronet and twenty-third chief of Clan Jardine was active in promoting clan activities and also served on the Committee of the Council of Chiefs.

Clan castles

*Spedlings Tower was the original seat of the chiefs of Clan Jardine. *Jardine Hall was the seat of the chiefs of Clan Jardine from the late seventeenth century.

Clan profile

Chief Chief may refer to: Title or rank Military and law enforcement * Chief master sergeant, the ninth, and highest, enlisted rank in the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Space Force * Chief of police, the head of a police department * Chief of the bo ...

: Sir William Murray Jardine of Applegirth, 13th Baronet and Chief of the Name and Arms of Jardine. * Chief's crest: A spur rowel of six points Proper * Chief's arms: Argent, a Saltire Gules, on a chief of the last three mullets of the first pierced in the Second * Chief's motto: ''Cave Adsum'' (Latin: Beware I am here) * Plant badge: Apple blossomClanline, the Magazine of the Jardine Clan Society. 1997. p.20

References

External links

Clan Jardine Society of CanadaClan Jardine ScotClanshttps://web.archive.org/web/20070319210522/http://www.myclan.com/clans/Jardine_56/default.php
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jardine Scottish clans Scoto-Norman clans Scottish Lowlands