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''Chuseok'' (; , literally "autumn evening"), also known as ''Hangawi'' (
Hangul The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul, . Hangul may also be written as following South Korea's standard Romanization. ( ) in South Korea and Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea, is the modern official writing system for the Korean language. The l ...
: ; ; from archaic Korean for "the great middle (of autumn)"), is a major mid-autumn
harvest festival A harvest festival is an annual celebration that occurs around the time of the main harvest of a given region. Given the differences in climate and crops around the world, harvest festivals can be found at various times at different places. ...
and a three-day holiday in
South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and sharing a Korean Demilitarized Zone, land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed ...
celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the
lunar calendar A lunar calendar is a calendar based on the monthly cycles of the Moon's phases ( synodic months, lunations), in contrast to solar calendars, whose annual cycles are based only directly on the solar year. The most commonly used calendar, t ...
on the full moon. In
North Korea North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu (Amnok) and T ...
, they only celebrate for the day of chuseok. Like many other harvest
festivals A festival is an event ordinarily celebrated by a community and centering on some characteristic aspect or aspects of that community and its religion or cultures. It is often marked as a local or national holiday, mela, or eid. A festival ...
around the world, it is held around the autumn
equinox A solar equinox is a moment in time when the Sun crosses the Earth's equator, which is to say, appears directly above the equator, rather than north or south of the equator. On the day of the equinox, the Sun appears to rise "due east" and se ...
, i.e. at the very end of summer or in early autumn. It is the biggest traditional holiday in South Korea. As a celebration of the good
harvest Harvesting is the process of gathering a ripe crop from the fields. Reaping is the cutting of grain or pulse for harvest, typically using a scythe, sickle, or reaper. On smaller farms with minimal mechanization, harvesting is the most l ...
, Koreans visit their ancestral hometowns and share a feast of Korean traditional food such as '' songpyeon'' (), '' yakgwa'', fruits like Asian pear and '' hallabong'', and rice wines such as ''sindoju'' (). and ''
dongdongju ''Makgeolli'' ( ko, 막걸리, raw rice wine ), sometimes anglicized to makkoli (, ), is a Korean alcoholic beverage. The milky, off-white, and lightly sparkling rice wine has a slight viscosity that tastes slightly sweet, tangy, bitter, and ast ...
'' (). There are two major traditions related to Chuseok: '' Charye'' (, ancestor memorial services at home, also known as
Jesa Jesa (, ) is a ceremony commonly practiced in the East Asian cultural sphere. Jesa functions as a memorial to the ancestors of the participants. Jesa are usually held on the anniversary of the ancestor's death. The majority of Catholics, Buddh ...
), and ''Seongmyo'' (, family visit to the ancestral graves), which is usually accompanied by ''Beolcho'' (, tidying graves, removing weeds around them). Another major custom is to prepare the family's ancestors their favorite meals as an offering.


Origins

According to popular belief, ''Chuseok'' originates from ''gabae ''(). ''Gabae'' started during the reign of the third king of the kingdom of
Silla Silla or Shilla (57 BCE – 935 CE) ( , Old Korean: Syera, Old Japanese: Siraki2) was a Korean kingdom located on the southern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula. Silla, along with Baekje and Goguryeo, formed the Three Kingdoms o ...
(57 BC - 935 AD), when it was a month-long
weaving Weaving is a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth. Other methods are knitting, crocheting, felting, and braiding or plaiting. The longitudinal ...
contest between two teams.Farhadian, Charles E. (2007.) ''Christian Worship Worldwide''. Wm. Bm. Eerdmans Publishing. . On the day of ''Gabae'', the team that had woven more cloth won and would be treated to a feast by the losing team. It is believed that weaving competitions, archery competitions, and martial arts demonstrations were held as part of the festivities. Many scholars also believe ''Chuseok'' may originate from ancient shamanistic celebrations of the harvest moon. New harvests are offered to local deities and ancestors, which means ''Chuseok'' may have originated as a worship ritual. In some areas, if there is no harvest, worship rituals are postponed, or in areas with no annual harvest, ''Chuseok'' is not celebrated.


Traditional customs

In contemporary
South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and sharing a Korean Demilitarized Zone, land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed ...
, on'' Chuseok'', masses of people travel from large cities to their hometowns to pay respect to the spirits of their ancestors. ''Chuseok'' celebrates the bountiful harvest and strives for the next year to be better than the last. People perform ancestral worship rituals early in the morning. Then, they visit the tombs of their immediate ancestors to trim plants, clean the area around the tomb, and offer food, drink, and crops to their ancestors. The rest of the day is spent playing folk games and bonding with the family members. South Koreans consider autumn the best season of the year due to clear skies, cool winds, and it is the perfect harvesting weather. Harvest crops are attributed to the blessing of ancestors. ''Chuseok'' is commonly incorrectly translated as "Korean Thanksgiving" in American English despite the holidays being vastly different in origin and celebration. Although most South Koreans visit their families and ancestral homes, there are festivities held at the National Folk Museum of Korea. Many places are closed during this national holiday, including banks, schools, post offices, governmental departments, and stores. Airline tickets to South Korea around the festival are usually sold out three months in advance and roads and hotels are overcrowded.


''Charye''

''Charye'' is one of the ancestral memorial rites celebrated during ''Chuseok,'' symbolizing the abundance of the harvest season and honoring ancestors and past generations. The rite involves the gathering of families in holding a memorial service for their ancestors through the harvesting, preparation and presentation of special foods as offerings. Preparation for the food usually takes hours and many families start the cooking process early in the morning. The rite embodies the traditional view of spiritual life beyond physical death, respecting the spirits of the
afterlife The afterlife (also referred to as life after death) is a purported existence in which the essential part of an individual's identity or their stream of consciousness continues to live after the death of their physical body. The surviving es ...
that now also serve to protect their descendants. The foods offered vary across provinces depending on what is available, but commonly feature freshly harvested rice, rice cakes ''( songpyeon)'' and fresh meat, fruit and vegetables. The arrangement of the foods of ''Charye'' on the table is also notable: traditionally rice and soup are placed on the north and fruits and vegetables are placed on the south; meat dishes are served on the west and in the middle, and
rice cake A rice cake may be any kind of food item made from rice that has been shaped, condensed, or otherwise combined into a single object. A wide variety of rice cakes exist in many different cultures in which rice is eaten and are particularly preval ...
and some drinks such as ''
makgeolli ''Makgeolli'' ( ko, 막걸리, raw rice wine ), sometimes anglicized to makkoli (, ), is a Korean alcoholic beverage. The milky, off-white, and lightly sparkling rice wine has a slight viscosity that tastes slightly sweet, tangy, bitter, and ast ...
'' or ''
soju (; Hangul: ; Hanja: ) is a clear and colorless Korean distilled alcoholic beverage. It is usually consumed neat. Its alcohol content varies from about 12.9% to 53% alcohol by volume (ABV), although since 2007 low alcohol soju below 20% h ...
'' are placed on the east. These details can vary across regions.


''Hanbok''

The ''
hanbok The (; term used in South Korea), also called () n North Korea and China, is an umbrella term which is used to refer to traditional ethnic Korean clothes, including the traditional clothing of the (Korean Chinese), an officially recognized ...
'' (in South Korea) or ''Choson-ot'' (in North Korea) is the traditional dress that the Korean people wear on special holidays and formal and semi-formal occasions, such as Chuseok, Lunar New Year, and weddings. The term "hanbok" literally means "Korean clothing." The basic structure of the hanbok consists of the jeogori jacket, baji pants, chima skirt, and the po coat. The design of the hanbok remains unchanged to this day and is designed in a variety of colors.


Food


''Songpyeon''

One of the major foods prepared and eaten during the ''Chuseok holiday'' is '' songpyeon'' (
Hangul The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul, . Hangul may also be written as following South Korea's standard Romanization. ( ) in South Korea and Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea, is the modern official writing system for the Korean language. The l ...
: 송편; 松餠), a Korean traditional rice cake made with ingredients such as sesame seeds, black beans, mung beans,
cinnamon Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus '' Cinnamomum''. Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive in a wide variety of cuisines, sweet and savoury dishes, breakf ...
, pine nut, walnut, chestnut, jujube, and honey. When making ''songpyeon'', steaming them over a layer of pine-needles is critical. The word ''song'' in ''songpyeon'' means a pine tree in Korean. The pine needles not only contribute to ''songpyeon's'' aromatic fragrance, but also its beauty and taste. ''Songpyeon'' is also significant because of the meaning contained in its shape. However, some ''songpyeon'' are shaped like a ball. ''Songpyeon's'' rice skin itself resembles the shape of a full moon, but once it wraps the stuffing, its shape resembles the half-moon. Since the
Three Kingdoms The Three Kingdoms () from 220 to 280 AD was the tripartite division of China among the dynastic states of Cao Wei, Shu Han, and Eastern Wu. The Three Kingdoms period was preceded by the Eastern Han dynasty and was followed by the West ...
era in Korean history, a Korean legend stated that these two shapes ruled the destinies of the two greatest rival kingdoms,
Baekje Baekje or Paekche (, ) was a Korean kingdom located in southwestern Korea from 18 BC to 660 AD. It was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, together with Goguryeo and Silla. Baekje was founded by Onjo, the third son of Goguryeo's founder J ...
and
Silla Silla or Shilla (57 BCE – 935 CE) ( , Old Korean: Syera, Old Japanese: Siraki2) was a Korean kingdom located on the southern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula. Silla, along with Baekje and Goguryeo, formed the Three Kingdoms o ...
. During the era of King Uija of Baekje, an encrypted phrase, "Baekje is full-moon and Silla is half-moon" was found on a turtle's back and it predicted the fall of the Baekje and the rise of the Silla. The prophecy came true when Silla defeated Baekje. Ever since Koreans have believed a half-moon shape is an indicator of a bright future or victory. Therefore, during ''Chuseok'', families gather together and eat half-moon-shaped ''Songpyeon'' under the full moon, wishing for a brighter future. There's a belief that if a single woman makes a pretty ''songpyeon'', she will find a great husband, and if a pregnant woman makes a pretty ''songpyeon'', she will have a pretty daughter.


''Hangwa''

Another popular Korean traditional food that people eat during ''Chuseok'' is ''
hangwa ''Hangwa'' () is a general term for traditional Korean confections. With ''tteok'' (rice cakes), ''hangwa'' forms the sweet food category in Korean cuisine. Common ingredients of ''hangwa'' include grain flour, fruits and roots, sweet ingr ...
''. It is a general term to categorize sweet foods made with ''
tteok ''Tteok'' ( ko, 떡) is a class of Korean rice cakes made with steamed flour made of various grains, including glutinous or non-glutinous rice. Steamed flour can also be pounded, shaped, or pan-fried to make ''tteok''. In some cases, ''tte ...
'', meaning rice cake. It is an artistic food decorated with natural colors and textured with patterns. ''Hangwa,'' also known as ''Hang,'' is made with rice flour, honey, fruit, and roots. People use edible natural ingredients to express various colors, flavours, and tastes. Because of its decoration and nutrition, Koreans eat ''hang'' not only during ''Chuseok'', but also for special events, for instance, weddings, birthday parties, and marriages. The most famous types of ''hangwa'' are '' yakgwa, yugwa'', and '' dasik''. ''Yakgwa'' is a sweet honey cookie which is made of fried rice flour dough ball and ''yugwa'' is a fried cookie consisting of glutinous rice mixed with honey water, and ''
cheongju Cheongju () is the capital and largest city of North Chungcheong Province in South Korea. History Cheongju has been an important provincial town since ancient times. In the Cheongju Mountains, specifically in the one where Sangdang Sanseong is ...
'' (rice wine). ''Dasik'' is a tea cake that people enjoy with tea.


''Baekju''

A major element of Chuseok is
alcoholic drink An alcoholic beverage (also called an alcoholic drink, adult beverage, or a drink) is a drink that contains ethanol, a type of alcohol that acts as a drug and is produced by fermentation of grains, fruits, or other sources of sugar. The c ...
s. Liquor drunk on Chuseok is called baekju (백주, 白酒, literally "white wine") and nicknamed sindoju (신도주, 新稻酒, literally "new rice liquor") as it is made of freshly harvested rice. Kooksoondang, a maker of Korean traditional liquors, restored "Yihwaju", rice wine from the Goryeo era (918–1392), and "Songjeolju" that has been widely enjoyed by Joseon (1392–1910) aristocrats. Its "Jamyang Baekseju" package comprises a variety of liquors ― Jayang Baekseju, Jang Baekseju, Baekokju ― that are claimed to enhance men's stamina. Adults say that if you drink the alcoholic beverage which the ancestors have drunk; there will be nothing you'll be scared of.


Others

Other foods commonly prepared are ''
japchae ''Japchae'' () is a savory and slightly sweet dish of stir-fried glass noodles and vegetables that is popular in Korean cuisine. * ''Japchae'' is typically prepared with '' dangmyeon'' (당면, 唐麵), a type of cellophane noodles made from s ...
'', ''
bulgogi ''Bulgogi'' (불고기; ; from Korean ''bul-gogi'' ), literally "fire meat", is a ''gui'' (구이; Korean-style grilled or roasted dish) made of thin, marinated slices of meat, most commonly beef, grilled on a barbecue or on a stove-top gri ...
'', an assortment of Korean pancakes also known as ''jeon'', '' saengseon'' (fried fish), '' tteokguk'' (rice cake soup), and fruits.


Gifts


History of ''Chuseok'' gifts

The Korean people started sharing daily necessities, such as sugar, soap or condiments, as Chuseok gifts in the 1960s. The gifts have changed since the Korean economy has developed. In the 1970s, Korean people had more options for Chuseok gifts; examples include cooking oil, toothpaste, instant coffee sets, cosmetics, television and rice cookers. People chose gift sets of fruit, meat and cosmetics in the 1980s. In the 1990s, people used gift vouchers for Chuseok. In the 21st century, more sophisticated gifts, such as sets of sweet desserts, spam, fruits, health supplements, and skincare have become the most popular options for Chuseok gifts.


Types of ''Chuseok'' gifts and prices

Some extravagant gifts can be purchased: one kilogram of wild pine mushrooms, which are expensive because they cannot be artificially grown, (560,000 won) US$480.27 and red ginseng products (1.98 million won) US$1698.11. However, the most exorbitantly priced gift is six bottles of wine at Lotte Department Store for a staggering (33 million won) US$28,301.89. Chuseok gift sets are big business in Korea and prices are typically inflated around the holiday.


Folk games

A variety of folk games are played on ''Chuseok'' to celebrate the coming of autumn and rich harvest. ''Sonori'' is a folk performance where Village folk dress themselves to resemble a cow or turtle and go from house to house along with a '' nongak'' band playing ''
pungmul ''Pungmul'' (; ) is a Korean folk music tradition that includes drumming, dancing, and singing. Most performances are outside, with dozens of players all in constant motion. ''Pungmul'' is rooted in the ''dure'' (collective labor) farming cultu ...
'' music. Other common folk games played on ''Chuseok'' are talhum (mask dance), board game called '' Yut Nori'', (also known as ''Yunnori, Nyout'', and ''Yout''),
archery Archery is the sport, practice, or skill of using a bow to shoot arrows.Paterson ''Encyclopaedia of Archery'' p. 17 The word comes from the Latin ''arcus'', meaning bow. Historically, archery has been used for hunting and combat. In ...
, '' ssireum,''(Korean wrestling), and ''
juldarigi ''Juldarigi'' (, also ''chuldarigi'') is a traditional Korean sport similar to tug of war. It has a ritual and divinatory significance to many agricultural communities in the country, and is performed at festivals and community gatherings. The s ...
''; folk games vary by region.


''Ssireum''

'' Ssireum ''(
Hangul The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul, . Hangul may also be written as following South Korea's standard Romanization. ( ) in South Korea and Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea, is the modern official writing system for the Korean language. The l ...
: 씨름) is the most popular Korean sport played during ''Chuseok'' and contests are usually held during this holiday. Scholars have found evidence for ''ssireums'' dating back to the
Goguryeo Goguryeo (37 BC–668 AD) ( ) also called Goryeo (), was a Korean kingdom located in the northern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula and the southern and central parts of Northeast China. At its peak of power, Goguryeo controlled mos ...
dynasty, ''Ssireum'' is assumed to have 5000 years of history. Two players wrestle each other while holding onto their opponent's ''satba'', a red and blue band. A player loses when his upper body touches the ground, and the winner becomes ''Cheonha Jangsa'', ''Baekdu Jangsa'', or ''Halla Jangsa'', meaning "the most powerful". The winner gets a bull and of rice as the prize. Due to its popularity among both the young and the old, ''ssireum'' contests are held more frequently, not limited to important holidays.


''Taekkyon''

'' Taekkyon'' (
Hangul The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul, . Hangul may also be written as following South Korea's standard Romanization. ( ) in South Korea and Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea, is the modern official writing system for the Korean language. The l ...
: 태껸 or 택견) is one of the oldest traditional martial arts of Korea. Taekkyon was very popular during the Joseon period (1392-1897) where it was practised alongside Ssireum during festivities, including Chuseok. Though originally a hand-to-hand fighting method, plebs used a more tamed version alike to a kicking game. The practitioner uses the momentum of his opponent to knock him down through kicks, swipes and pushes. Tournaments between players from different villages were carried out, starting with the children ("Aegi Taekkyon") before finishing with the adults. Taekkyon almost disappeared during the Japanese occupation (1910-1945) but is now considered a cultural heritage of Korea (1983) and a UNESCO intangible cultural item (2011).


''Ganggangsullae''

The '' Ganggangsullae (
Hangul The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul, . Hangul may also be written as following South Korea's standard Romanization. ( ) in South Korea and Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea, is the modern official writing system for the Korean language. The l ...
: 강강술래)'' dance is a traditional folk dance performed under the full moon in the night of ''Chuseok''. Women wear Korean traditional dress,
hanbok The (; term used in South Korea), also called () n North Korea and China, is an umbrella term which is used to refer to traditional ethnic Korean clothes, including the traditional clothing of the (Korean Chinese), an officially recognized ...
, make a big circle by holding hands, and sing a song while going around a circle. Its name, ''Ganggangsullae'', came from the refrain repeated after each verse, and contains no actual meaning. For other folk games, they also play Neolttwigi (also known as the Korean plank), a traditional game played on a wooden board.


''Juldarigi''

Juldarigi ''Juldarigi'' (, also ''chuldarigi'') is a traditional Korean sport similar to tug of war. It has a ritual and divinatory significance to many agricultural communities in the country, and is performed at festivals and community gatherings. The s ...
(
Hangul The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul, . Hangul may also be written as following South Korea's standard Romanization. ( ) in South Korea and Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea, is the modern official writing system for the Korean language. The l ...
: 줄다리기), or tug-of-war, was enjoyed by an entire village population. Two groups of people are divided into two teams representing the female and male forces of the natural world. The game is considered an agricultural rite to predict the results of the year's farming. If the team representing the female concept won, it was thought the harvest that year would be rich.


Chicken Fight (''Dak SSa Umm'')

Korean people used to watch chicken fights (
Hangul The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul, . Hangul may also be written as following South Korea's standard Romanization. ( ) in South Korea and Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea, is the modern official writing system for the Korean language. The l ...
: 닭싸움), and learned how chickens fought; a game inspired by such was invented. To play the game, people are separated into two balanced groups. One must bend his or her leg up and hold it bent with the knee poking out. The players must then attack each other with their bent knees, having to eliminate them by making their feet touch the ground; the last player holding up his or her knee wins. The game is about strength, speed, and balance; to stay alive, one must display the capability of fighting back.


''Hwatu''

Hwatu Go-Stop (), also called Godori (, after the winning move in the game) is a Korean fishing card game played with a Hwatu () deck. The game can be called Matgo () when only two players are playing. The game is derived from similar Japanese fish ...
(
Hangul The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul, . Hangul may also be written as following South Korea's standard Romanization. ( ) in South Korea and Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea, is the modern official writing system for the Korean language. The l ...
: 화투, also known as '' Go-Stop'' or ''Godori'') is composed of 48 cards including 12 kinds. The rules of the game and the term ''water'' originated from Tujeon. It was formerly similar to
Hanafuda are a style of Japanese playing cards. They are typically smaller than Western playing cards, only , but thicker and stiffer. On the face of each card is a depiction of plants, ''tanzaku'' (短冊), animals, birds, or man-made objects. One sin ...
, but was changed due to similarities with the latter. It went through a course that made it reduced by four base colors and thinner than before, spreading throughout to turn out goods on a mass-produced basis.


''Chuseok'' in North Korea

Since ''Chuseok'' is a traditional holiday that has been celebrated long before the
division of Korea The division of Korea began with the defeat of Japan in World War II. During the war, the Allied leaders considered the question of Korea's future after Japan's surrender in the war. The leaders reached an understanding that Korea would be ...
, people in North Korea also celebrate ''Chuseok''. However, the ideology that divided Korea also caused some differences between the way that the holiday is celebrated in North Korea from the way it is celebrated in South Korea. In fact, North Korea did not celebrate ''Chuseok'' and other traditional holidays until the mid-1980s. While South Koreans celebrate ''Chuseok'' by visiting and spending time with family members, most North Koreans do not have any family gatherings for the holiday. Some, especially those in working classes, try to visit their ancestors' gravesites during ''Chuseok''. However, social and economic issues in North Korea have been preventing visits. In addition, the extremely poor infrastructure of North Korea, especially in terms of public transportation, makes it almost impossible for people to visit grave sites and their families. In contrast to the poor
Songbun ''Songbun'' (), formally chulsin-songbun (, from Sino-Korean 出身, "origin" and 成分, "constituent"), is the system of ascribed status used in North Korea. Based on the political, social, and economic background of one's direct ancestors ...
lower class North Koreans, middle and elite classes enjoy the holiday as they want, easily traveling wherever they want to go.


See also

*'' Hansik'', another Korean holiday for ancestral rituals *
List of Buddhist festivals Japanese, Burmese, Tibetan, Indian, Nepalese, Bhutanese, Chakma, Marma and Barua festivals often show the influence of Buddhist culture. Pagoda festivals in Myanmar are one example. In Tibet, India and Bhutan these festivals may include ...
*
List of harvest festivals This is a list of harvest festivals around the world. A harvest festival is an annual celebration which occurs around the time of the main harvest of a given region. Given regional differences in climates and crops, harvest festivals can be fo ...
*
List of festivals in South Korea For older or historical observances in Korea see traditional festivals of Korea. Many new festivals have originated in South Korea in response to the country's tourism initiatives. Contributing to this growth is a gradual change to a five-day ...
* Public holidays in South Korea *
List of Korean traditional festivals Korean traditional festivals (Hangul: 한국전통축제, Hanja: 韓國傳統祝祭) are the national and local festivals that have continued among Korean people throughout their long history. Summary *All traditional festival dates are in a ...


Sources

*The Academy of Korean Studies, ed. (1991), "Chuseok", ''Encyclopedia of Korean People and Culture'', Woongjin (in Korean) * *(in Korean) *Aviles, K. (2011, September 10). Chuseok : A Festival With Two Faces. International Business Times. Retrieved December 4, 2012 *Im, J. J. (2010, September 23). Daily NK - Welcome to Chuseok, North Korean Style. DailyNK. Retrieved December 4, 2012 *Kim, K.-C. (2008). Ganggangsullae. UNESCO Multimedia Archives. Retrieved December 4, 2012 *Korea.net. (2012, February 5). Chuseok, Korean Thanksgiving Day (English) - YouTube. YouTube. Retrieved December 4, 2012 *Moon, S. H. (2008, September 16). Daily NK - New Chuseok Trends in North Korea. DailyNK. Retrieved December 4, 2012 *Official Korea Tourism. (2008, August 26). Official Site of Korea Tourism Org.: Chuseok: Full Moon Harvest Holiday, Korean Version of Thanksgiving Day. VisitKorea. Retrieved December 4, 2012 *The National Folklore Museum of Korea. (n.d.). Ancestral Memorial Rites - Charye , The National Folklore Museum of Korea. The National Folklore Museum of Korea. Retrieved December 5, 2012 *TurtlePress (Martial Arts Video). (2009, May 1). SSireum Korean Wrestling History - YouTube. YouTube. Retrieved December 4, 2012 *Yoo, K. H. (2009, October 5). Chuseok, North Korean Style. DailyNK. Retrieved December 4, 2012


References


External links

* * * {{Public holidays in North Korea Public holidays in Korea Harvest festivals Festivals in Korea Religious festivals in South Korea Lunar observation Food and drink festivals in South Korea Observances set by the Korean calendar September observances October observances Festivals in North Korea Autumn events in North Korea Autumn events in South Korea Observances held on the full moon