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The Greater Chennai Metropolitan Area, or simply the Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA), is the third-most populous
metropolitan area A metropolitan area or metro is a region that consists of a densely populated urban agglomeration and its surrounding territories sharing industries, commercial areas, transport network, infrastructures and housing. A metro area usually ...
in
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area, the List of countries and dependencies by population, second-most populous ...
, the 22nd-most in
Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an are ...
, and the 40th-most in the world. The CMA consists of the core city of
Chennai Chennai (, ), formerly known as Madras ( the official name until 1996), is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost Indian state. The largest city of the state in area and population, Chennai is located on the Coromandel Coast of th ...
, which is coterminous with the Chennai district, and its suburbs in Kanchipuram (except Uthiramerur taluk),
Chengalpattu Chengalpattu, previously known as Chingleput, is a city and the headquarters of Chengalpattu district of the state Tamil Nadu, India. The town is located near to the industrial and IT hub. It is the headquarters of the district and is away ...
(except Madurantakam and Cheyyur taluks),
Thiruvallur Tiruvallur is a Grade I municipality and a fast developing city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the banks of Coovum river about from downtown Chennai (Madras) and just 5 km from megacity border, in the western p ...
(except Pallipattu, RK Pet and parts of Tiruttani taluks), and Ranipet (parts of Arakkonam taluk) districts. The Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) is the nodal agency that handles town planning and development within the metro area. Since 1974, an area encompassing around the city has been designated as the CMA and the CMDA has been designated as the authority to plan the growth of the city and the area around it. But in October 2022 the area of CMA was expanded five-fold to .


Economy

Recent estimates of the economy of the Chennai metropolitan area (which includes the industrial zones) is over US$200 billion ( PPP GDP), making it the third most productive metro area of India, and the third highest by GDP per capita. Previously, the metropolitan area didn't include the nearby industrial zones of Siruseri, Oragadam, and
Sriperumbudur Sriperumbudur is a town panchayat in the Kanchipuram district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located 40 kilometers southwest of the capital city of Chennai on the National Highway 4 and is just outside the Chennai Metropolitan ...
, due to which the economy of these regions didn't get included in the economy of Chennai. Now, post expansion of the Chennai metropolitan area in 2022, these regions are included, and the GDP of Chennai which was previously around US$86 billion has increased drastically to over US$200 billion.


Composition

The CMA is a
metropolitan area A metropolitan area or metro is a region that consists of a densely populated urban agglomeration and its surrounding territories sharing industries, commercial areas, transport network, infrastructures and housing. A metro area usually ...
in
Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu (; , TN) is a state in southern India. It is the tenth largest Indian state by area and the sixth largest by population. Its capital and largest city is Chennai. Tamil Nadu is the home of the Tamil people, whose Tamil language ...
state, consisting of the state capital
Chennai Chennai (, ), formerly known as Madras ( the official name until 1996), is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost Indian state. The largest city of the state in area and population, Chennai is located on the Coromandel Coast of th ...
(previously known as Madras) and its satellite towns. Developing over a period of about 20 years, it consists of 2
municipal corporation A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. The term can also be used to describe municipally ...
s, 7 municipalities and 14 smaller town councils. The entire area is overseen by the Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA), a
Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu (; , TN) is a state in southern India. It is the tenth largest Indian state by area and the sixth largest by population. Its capital and largest city is Chennai. Tamil Nadu is the home of the Tamil people, whose Tamil language ...
State Government organisation in charge of town planning, development, transportation and housing in the region. The CMDA was formed to address the challenges in planning and development of integrated infrastructure for the metropolitan region. The areas outside
Greater Chennai Corporation The Greater Chennai Corporation, formerly known as the Corporation of Madras (1688-1996) and Corporation of Chennai (1996-2016), is the civic body that governs the city of Chennai in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Inaugurated on 29 Septembe ...
( Chennai District) like Kanchipuram,
Chengalpattu Chengalpattu, previously known as Chingleput, is a city and the headquarters of Chengalpattu district of the state Tamil Nadu, India. The town is located near to the industrial and IT hub. It is the headquarters of the district and is away ...
and Tiruvallur have lacked organised development. The CMA comprises the city of
Chennai Chennai (, ), formerly known as Madras ( the official name until 1996), is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost Indian state. The largest city of the state in area and population, Chennai is located on the Coromandel Coast of th ...
and its neighbourhood corporations of Avadi and Tambaram, 8 municipalities, 11 town panchayats and 179 village panchayats in 10 panchayat unions. The CMA has an area of 1,189 km2. It includes the whole of the Chennai District, along with the Ambattur, Gummidipoondi, Madhavaram,
Ponneri Ponneri is a town located in Chennai Metropolitan Region, Thiruvallur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located in Ponneri taluk. Ponneri is major destination for Andhra Pradesh people to buy goods. Geography Ponneri is ...
,
Poonamallee Poonamallee is suburb of Chennai, India under the Chennai Metropolitan Area. It was historically called ''Pushpagirimangalam'', later renamed in Tamil as ''Poovirundhavalli'' (), and now colloquially called as ''Poondhamalli''. It is a town in ...
and Tiruvallur taluks of the Tiruvallur District,
Sriperumbudur Sriperumbudur is a town panchayat in the Kanchipuram district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located 40 kilometers southwest of the capital city of Chennai on the National Highway 4 and is just outside the Chennai Metropolitan ...
and Kundrathur taluks of the
Kancheepuram District Kancheepuram district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. The area comprising the present day Kancheepuram district was earlier a part of Chingleput district. The original Chingleput district was split in 1997 into ...
, Pallavaram, Vandalur and
Tambaram taluk Tambaram taluk is a taluk of Chengalpattu district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Tambaram. It comes under the Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) and it is a suburb of Chennai city. ...
s of the Chengalpattu district. The CMA falls in three Districts of the Tamil Nadu State viz. Chennai District, part of Thiruvallur District, part of Chengalpattu District and part of
Kancheepuram District Kancheepuram district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. The area comprising the present day Kancheepuram district was earlier a part of Chingleput district. The original Chingleput district was split in 1997 into ...
. The extent of the Chennai District (covered in Chennai Municipal Corporation area) is 426 km2 and comprises 55 revenue villages in 10 Taluks Chengalpattu_district_fall_in_the_metropolitan_area. CMA_region_has_about_3,000_water_bodies,_most_of_which_have_been_encroached_upon_by_real_estate_dealers_and_small_communities. The_Chennai_metropolitan_area_is_set_to_be_expanded_further,_incorporating_the_entire_districts_of_Chengalpattu_ Chengalpattu,_previously_known_as_Chingleput,_is_a_city_and_the_headquarters_of_Chengalpattu_district_of_the_state__Tamil_Nadu,__India._The__town_is_located_near_to_the_industrial_and_IT_hub._It_is_the_headquarters_of_the_district_and_is__away__...
,__Tiruvallur_and_Kanchipuram_district.html" ;"title="iz. (i) Tondiarpet Taluk, (ii) Perambur Taluk, (iii) Purasawalkam Taluk, (iv) Egmore Taluk, (v) Mambalam Taluk, (vi) Guindy Taluk, (vii) Mylapore Taluk, (viii) Velachery Taluk, (ix) Aminjikarai Taluk and (x) Ayanavaram Taluk. In Thiruvallur District out of total district area of 3,427 km2, 637 km2 in Ambattur, Thiruvallur, Ponneri and Poonamallee taluks fall into the CMA. In Kancheepuram District out of 4,433 km2, 376 km2 in Tambaram, Sriperumbudur and Chengalpattu district fall in the metropolitan area. CMA region has about 3,000 water bodies, most of which have been encroached upon by real estate dealers and small communities. The Chennai metropolitan area is set to be expanded further, incorporating the entire districts of
Chengalpattu Chengalpattu, previously known as Chingleput, is a city and the headquarters of Chengalpattu district of the state Tamil Nadu, India. The town is located near to the industrial and IT hub. It is the headquarters of the district and is away ...
, Tiruvallur and Kanchipuram district">Kancheepuram, and the Arakkonam taluk, Nemili, Nemili Taluk of the Ranipet district. In future it may expand further. Plans to expand Chennai Metropolitan Area seven folds from existing 1,189 km2 to 8,878 km2 appears to be scaled down in view of opposition from farmers in giving up their agricultural lands. The government is looking at maximum utilization of the available spaces in the core city and urbanized pockets in the suburbs for residential development. Only area well connected with the available rail infrastructure will be included in the expansion plan of CMA. The extent of expansion will be scaled down from 8,878 km2 to 3,000–4,000 km2.


Nodal agencies


Municipal corporations

#
Greater Chennai Corporation The Greater Chennai Corporation, formerly known as the Corporation of Madras (1688-1996) and Corporation of Chennai (1996-2016), is the civic body that governs the city of Chennai in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Inaugurated on 29 Septembe ...
# Avadi Municipal Corporation #
Kanchipuram Municipal Corporation Kancheepuram Municipal Corporation is the civic body that governs the city of Kancheepuram in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Inaugurated on 21 October 2021 covering an area of 36.14 Sqkm and an estimated population of more than 3,00,000 in 2021. ...
# Tambaram Municipal Corporation


Municipalities

# Guduvancheri # Mangadu # Kundrathur #
Poonamallee Poonamallee is suburb of Chennai, India under the Chennai Metropolitan Area. It was historically called ''Pushpagirimangalam'', later renamed in Tamil as ''Poovirundhavalli'' (), and now colloquially called as ''Poondhamalli''. It is a town in ...
#
Thiruverkadu Thiruverkadu (; literally 'a forest of holy herbs and roots') is a Western suburb of Chennai, Tamil Nadu. It comes under Thiruvallur district administration. It is famous for its Devi Karumariamman Temple. There is also Vedapureeswarar Templ ...
# Thiruninravur # Tiruvallur # Tiruttani # Maraimalai Nagar #
Chengalpattu Chengalpattu, previously known as Chingleput, is a city and the headquarters of Chengalpattu district of the state Tamil Nadu, India. The town is located near to the industrial and IT hub. It is the headquarters of the district and is away ...
#
Ponneri Ponneri is a town located in Chennai Metropolitan Region, Thiruvallur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located in Ponneri taluk. Ponneri is major destination for Andhra Pradesh people to buy goods. Geography Ponneri is ...
# Arakkonam


Districts

#
Chennai Chennai (, ), formerly known as Madras ( the official name until 1996), is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost Indian state. The largest city of the state in area and population, Chennai is located on the Coromandel Coast of th ...
(Complete) #
Chengalpattu Chengalpattu, previously known as Chingleput, is a city and the headquarters of Chengalpattu district of the state Tamil Nadu, India. The town is located near to the industrial and IT hub. It is the headquarters of the district and is away ...
(Except Madurantakam and
Cheyyur Cheyyur (), is a town in Chengalpattu district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Cheyyur is surrounded by four sub-areas: North, East, South and West Cheyyur. The town has a Taluk Office (administrative offices) and a regional treasury centre ...
taluks) # Kanchipuram (Except Uthiramerur taluk) # Tiruvallur (Except
Pallipattu Pallipattu is a town in Tamil Nadu and a border town located between the Chittoor District of Andhra Pradesh and Tiruvallur District of Tamil Nadu . It is known for its rich and fertile agricultural lands and is blessed with the flowing of river ...
,
RK Pet Rama Krishna Raju Pettai, also known as R K Pet, is a Panchayat in RK Pet taluk, Tiruvallur district, India. About Rama Krishna Raju Pettai : A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town, Ram ...
& parts of Tiruttani taluks) # Ranipet (Parts of Arakkonam taluks)


Taluks

The CMDA has proposed to trifurcate the CMA into Central, North and South.


CMA Central

The former jurisdiction of CMA covering 1,189 sqkm would be juridiction the CMA Central which spread over the below areas: In Chennai district # Alandur # Ambattur # Aminjikarai # Ayanavaram #
Egmore Egmore is a neighbourhood of Chennai, India. Situated on the northern banks of the Coovum River, Egmore is an important residential area as well as a commercial and transportation hub. The Egmore Railway Station was the main terminus of the Ma ...
# Guindy # Madhavaram # Maduravoyal # Mambalam # Mylapore # Perambur # Purasawalkam # Sholinganallur #
Thiruvottiyur Tiruvottriyur (Thiruvottiyur or TVT) is a neighbourhood in North Chennai, administered by the Greater Chennai Corporation. It is part of the Tondiarpet division, located to the north of Chennai. It is one of the fifteen administrative zones in t ...
# Tondiarpet # Velachery In Chengalpattu district # Pallavaram # Tambaram # Vandalur (partial) In Kanchipuram district # Kundrathur (partial) In Tiruvallur district # Avadi #
Poonamallee Poonamallee is suburb of Chennai, India under the Chennai Metropolitan Area. It was historically called ''Pushpagirimangalam'', later renamed in Tamil as ''Poovirundhavalli'' (), and now colloquially called as ''Poondhamalli''. It is a town in ...
(partial) #
Ponneri Ponneri is a town located in Chennai Metropolitan Region, Thiruvallur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located in Ponneri taluk. Ponneri is major destination for Andhra Pradesh people to buy goods. Geography Ponneri is ...
(partial)


CMA North

The proposed CMA North will cover an area of 2,908 sqkm which spread over the below areas: In Tiruvallur district # Gummidipoondi #
Poonamallee Poonamallee is suburb of Chennai, India under the Chennai Metropolitan Area. It was historically called ''Pushpagirimangalam'', later renamed in Tamil as ''Poovirundhavalli'' (), and now colloquially called as ''Poondhamalli''. It is a town in ...
(partial) #
Ponneri Ponneri is a town located in Chennai Metropolitan Region, Thiruvallur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located in Ponneri taluk. Ponneri is major destination for Andhra Pradesh people to buy goods. Geography Ponneri is ...
(partial) # Tiruvallur # Tiruttani (partial) # Uthukottai In Kanchipuram district #
Sriperumbudur Sriperumbudur is a town panchayat in the Kanchipuram district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located 40 kilometers southwest of the capital city of Chennai on the National Highway 4 and is just outside the Chennai Metropolitan ...
In Ranipet district # Arakkonam (partial)


CMA South

The proposed CMA South will cover an area of 1,809 sqkm which spread over the below areas: In Chengalpattu district #
Chengalpattu Chengalpattu, previously known as Chingleput, is a city and the headquarters of Chengalpattu district of the state Tamil Nadu, India. The town is located near to the industrial and IT hub. It is the headquarters of the district and is away ...
#
Tirukalukundram Tirukalukundram also known as Tirukazhukundram is a panchayat town and Taluk head of Tirukalukundram taluk in Chengalpattu district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is famous for the Vedagiriswarar temple, a Hindu temple dedicated to Lor ...
# Thiruporur # Vandalur (partial) In Kanchipuram district # Kundrathur (partial) # Kanchipuram #
Walajabad Walajabad is a panchayat town in Kancheepuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the main town in Walajabad taluk. Demographics India census, Walajabad had a population of 10,859. Males constitute 50% of the population and f ...


Expansion

The CMDA regulates developments in the Chennai metropolitan area through the issuance of planning permission under section 49 of the Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act 1971. The first plans to expand the CMA were proposed by the CMDA in 2011. The need for expansion arose as several nearby settlements such as
Sriperumbudur Sriperumbudur is a town panchayat in the Kanchipuram district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located 40 kilometers southwest of the capital city of Chennai on the National Highway 4 and is just outside the Chennai Metropolitan ...
, Kelambakkam, Tiruvallur and Maraimalai Nagar had been undergoing rapid development and had to be incorporated under the CMDA planning strategy. Also, the planning bodies of other metropolises in India such as Bengaluru,
New Delhi New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament Hous ...
and
Hyderabad Hyderabad ( ; , ) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana and the ''de jure'' capital of Andhra Pradesh. It occupies on the Deccan Plateau along the banks of the Musi River, in the northern part of Southern Indi ...
had already redefined their respective metropolitan regions to include much larger areas and corresponding regional planning was being done. The CMA, however, has not been altered since it was first defined in 1974. The area was limited to which is among the smallest in the country. In July 2012, the CMDA suggested two options to the Government of Tamil Nadu for expanding the area: *The first option includes the whole of the Chennai district, Madhavaram, Ambattur, Poonamallee, Ponneri, Gummidipoondi, Uthukottai, and Thiruvallur taluks of the Tiruvallur district, and Alandur, Pallavaram, Tambaram, Sholinganallur, Chengalpattu, Thiruporur, and Sriperumbudur taluks of the Kancheepuram district extending up to . * The second option includes the whole of Chennai, Tiruvallur and Kancheepuram districts and the Arakkonam taluk of Ranipet district and extends to a total of . Chief planners of the CMDA have suggested that the second option is more feasible. Another planning model, similar to the
National Capital Region A capital region, also called a capital district or capital territory, is a region or district surrounding a capital city. It is not always the official term for the region, but may sometimes be used as an informal synonym. Capital regions can exis ...
was also examined by the CMDA. In order to plan for balanced regional development, developing a larger road network, implementing an integrated transport plan and identifying a Chennai Mega Region have become necessary. On 3 July 2017, the
Government of Tamil Nadu Government of Tamil Nadu is the subnational government for the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is seated at Fort St George, Chennai. The legislature of Tamil Nadu was bicameral until 1986, when it was replaced by a unicameral legislature ...
's minister for housing and urban development,
Udumalai K. Radhakrishnan Udumalai K. Radhakrishnan is an Indian politician and a member of the Fifteenth Assembly of Tamil Nadu, 15th Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly. He was elected from the Udumalpet (state assembly constituency), Udumalpet constituency as a candidate ...
announced its intention to expand the CMA to . The extension will cover all of Kancheepuram and Tiruvallur districts and Arakkonam taluk of Ranipet district, as proposed in July 2012. Having completed a feasibility study, a "strategic regional plan" was now required, and completion of the whole process was expected by July 2018. On 22 January 2018 the Government of Tamil Nadu issued order G.O. (Ms) No.13 to "declare the intention to include additional areas in the Chennai Metropolitan Planning Area" under section 2, clause (23-a) of the Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act, 1971 (Tamil Nadu Act 35 of 1972). The additional areas to be included were as proposed by the CMDA in 2017. Under Tamil Nadu Act 35 the Tamil Nadu government is required to allow reasonable opportunity (two months according to §10.3) for inhabitants, local authorities and institutions in the area to comment upon or object to such an expansion proposals. Although less than 100 objections to the expansion plans were received, a public interest litigation action was launched at the Madras High Court in March 2018. In October 2022 the area of CMA was expanded five-fold to making it 4th largest Metropolitan city.


Notes


See also

* Mumbai metropolitan area * Delhi metropolitan area *
Kolkata metropolitan area Kolkata Metropolitan Area (abbreviated KMA; formerly Calcutta Metropolitan Area), also known as Greater Kolkata, is the urban agglomeration of the city of Kolkata in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the third most populous metropolitan ...
*
List of metropolitan areas in Asia by population The Asian continent is one of the fastest-growing continents in the World, with increasing urbanisation and a high growth rate for cities. Tokyo in Japan is the world's largest metropolitan area by population. The population of the given cities ar ...
*
List of metropolitan areas in India This is a list of metropolitan areas by population in India. The 74th Amendment to the Indian Constitution defines a metropolitan area as: An area having a population of 10 Lakh or 1 Million or more, comprised in one or more districts and co ...
* List of million-plus urban agglomerations in India * List of districts in Tamil Nadu by Human Development Index * List of urban agglomerations in Tamil Nadu


References


External links


Chennai metropolitan area mapCDMA plan
{{coord missing, Tamil Nadu Metropolitan areas of Tamil Nadu Geography of Chennai