Charles Webster (historian)

Sir Charles Kingsley Webster (25 July 1886 – August 1961) was a Cambridge-trained historian and British diplomat. He was educated at King's College, Cambridge as well as the Merchant Taylors' School, Crosby. After leaving Cambridge University, he went on to become a professor at Harvard, Oxford, and the London School of Economics. He also served as President of the British Academy from 1950 to 1954.

In addition to his career in academia, Webster worked extensively in the Foreign Office, especially in the United States, and was a leading supporter of the new United Nations, as he had been of the League of Nations.

Life

After studying at Cambridge University, Webster became professor of international relations at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth where he wrote his two major books on the foreign policy of Lord Castlereagh, the first (published in 1925) covering the period 1815–1822, the second (published in 1931) that from 1812 to 1815. In 1932 Webster moved to the newly established Stevenson chair of international relations at the London School of Economics (LSE).

During World War II, he worked extensively in the Foreign Office, especially in the United States, and was a leading supporter of the new United Nations, as he had been of the League of Nations. He was involved in the drafting of the UN Charter.

He attended the first meetings of both the General Assembly and the Security Council in January 1946 and the final meeting of the League of Nations in April. He was made a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in the new year's honours list of 1946.

Career

In 1948, Webster gave the Ford Lectures in the University of Oxford. In 1951, his biography of Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston was finally published. He was President of the British Academy in 1950. He was awarded honorary degrees from Oxford, Cambridge Wales, Rome, and Williams College, Massachusetts, and was made an honorary fellow at King's College, Cambridge. He retired from his chair at the LSE in 1953.

* Professor of Modern History, Liverpool University, 1914–1922
* Subaltern in the Royal Army Service Corps, 1915–1917
* General Staff of the War Office, 1917–1918
* Secretary, Military Section, British Delegation to the Conference of Paris, 1918–1919
* Wilson Professor of International Politics, University of Wales, 1922–1932
* Außerordentlicher (=Associate) Professor, University of Vienna, 1926
* Nobel Lecturer, Oslo, 1926
* Reader, University of Calcutta, India, 1927
* Professor of History, Harvard University, USA, 1928–1932
* Stevenson Professor of International History, London School of Economics and Political Science, 1932–1953
* Foreign Research and Press Service, 1939–1941
* Director, British School of Information, New York, 1941–1942
* Foreign Office, 1943–1946
* Member of British Delegation, Dumbarton Oaks and San Francisco Conferences, 1944–1945
* Member, Preparatory Commission and General Assembly, United Nations, 1945–1946
* Ford Lecturer, Oxford University, 1948
* President, 1950–1954, and Foreign Secretary, 1955–1958, British Academy

Works

* ''The Congress of Vienna, 1814–1815'', London: Foreign Office Historical Section, 1919
* ''The Congress of Vienna'', Oxford University Press, 1919 (with copyedit instructions, 1934)
online at Internet Archive
* ''British diplomacy, 1813–1815 : select documents dealing with the reconstruction of Europe'', 1921, 409p
online at Internet Archive
* ''The pacification of Europe, 1813–1815'', 1922
* ''The Congress of Vienna, 1814–15, and the Conference of Paris, 1919'', London, 1923
* ''The Foreign Policy of Castlereagh (1815–1822) Britain and the European Alliance'', London: G. Bell and Sons, 1925
online at Internet Archive
* ''The European alliance, 1815–1825'', University of Calcutta, 1929
* ''What the world owes to President Wilson'', London: League of Nations Union, 1930
* ''The League of Nations in theory and practice'', London: Allen and Unwin, 1933
* ''Palmerston, Metternich and the European system, 1830–1841'', London: Humphrey Milford, London, 1934
* Editor of ''British diplomatic representatives, 1789–1852'', London, 1934
* Editor of ''Britain and the independence of Latin America, 1812–1830'', London: Ibero-American Institute of Great Britain, 1938
* ''Some problems of international organisation'', University of Leeds, 1943
* Editor of ''Some letters of the Duke of Wellington to his brother, William Wellesley-Pole'', London, 1948
* ''The Foreign Policy of Palmerston, 1830–1841: Britain, the Liberal Movement, and the Eastern Question'', 1951
online edition of vol 2

* ''The art and practice of diplomacy'', London School of Economics, 1952
online

* ''British Foreign Policy since the Second World War''
* ''The founder of the national home'', Weizmann Science Press of Israel, 1955
* ''Sanctions: the use of force in an international organisation'', London, 1956
* ''The strategic air offensive against Germany, 1939–1945'', London, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1961, coauthor, 3 volumes, official history

References

Sources

* Fagg, John Edwin. "Sir Charles Webster 1886– " in S. William Helperin, ed., ''Some 20th century historians'' (1961) pp 171–200.
* Hall, Ian. "The art and practice of a diplomatic historian: Sir Charles Webster, 1886–1961." ''International Politics'' 42.4 (2005): 470–490.
* Reynolds, P. A. and E. J. Hughes, ''The historian as diplomat: Charles Kingsley Webster and the United Nations, 1939–1946'', (1976).

External links

*

Catalogue of the Webster papers
at th

of the London School of Economics.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Webster, Charles
1886 births
1961 deaths
Academics of Aberystwyth University
Academics of the London School of Economics
Royal Army Service Corps officers
British diplomats
British Army personnel of World War I
Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
Presidents of the British Academy
University of Calcutta faculty
20th-century British historians
People educated at Merchant Taylors' Boys' School, Crosby