''Psychotria'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...
s in the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
Rubiaceae
The Rubiaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules a ...
. It contains 1,582 species and is therefore one of the largest genera of flowering plants.
The genus has a pantropical distribution and members of the genus are small
understorey
In forestry and ecology, understory (American English), or understorey (Commonwealth English), also known as underbrush or undergrowth, includes plant life growing beneath the forest canopy without penetrating it to any great extent, but abo ...
tree
In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are ...
s in
tropical forest
Tropical forests (a.k.a. jungle) are forested landscapes in tropical regions: ''i.e.'' land areas approximately bounded by the tropic of Cancer and Capricorn, but possibly affected by other factors such as prevailing winds.
Some tropical fore ...
s. Some species are endangered or facing
extinction due to
deforestation
Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. The most concentrated ...
, especially species of central
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...
and the
Pacific
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the contine ...
.
Many species, including ''
Psychotria viridis'', produce the
psychedelic chemical
dimethyltryptamine
''N'',''N''-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT or ''N'',''N''-DMT, SPL026) is a substituted tryptamine that occurs in many plants and animals, including human beings, and which is both a derivative and a structural analog of tryptamine. It is used as a ...
(DMT).
Selected species
* ''
Psychotria abdita''
* ''
Psychotria acutiflora''
* ''
Psychotria adamsonii''
* ''
Psychotria alsophila''
* ''
Psychotria angustata''
* ''
Psychotria atricaulis''
* ''
Psychotria beddomei
''Psychotria beddomei'' is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Kerala
Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation ...
''
* ''
Psychotria bimbiensis''
* ''
Psychotria bryonicola''
* ''
Psychotria camerunensis''
* ''
Psychotria capensis''
* ''
Psychotria carronis''
* ''
Psychotria carthagenensis''
* ''
Psychotria cathetoneura''
* ''
Psychotria cernua'
* ''
Psychotria chalconeura''
* ''
Psychotria chimboracensis''
* ''
Psychotria clarendonensis''
* ''
Psychotria clusioides''
* ''
Psychotria colorata''
* ''
Psychotria congesta''
* ''
Psychotria cookei''
* ''
Psychotria crassipetala''
* ''
Psychotria cuneifolia''
* ''
Psychotria cyathicalyx''
* ''
Psychotria dallachiana''
* ''
Psychotria dasyophthalma''
* ''
Psychotria densinervia''
* ''
Psychotria deverdiana''
* ''
Psychotria dolichantha''
* ''
Psychotria domatiata''
* ''
Psychotria dubia''
* ''
Psychotria dura''
* ''
Psychotria elachistantha''
* ''
Psychotria expansa''
* ''
Psychotria fernandopoensis''
* ''
Psychotria foetens''
* ''
Psychotria forsteriana''
* ''
Psychotria franchetiana''
* ''
Psychotria fusiformis''
* ''
Psychotria gardneri''
* ''
Psychotria glandulifera''
* ''
Psychotria globicephala''
* ''
Psychotria grandiflora''
* ''
Psychotria grantii''
* ''
Psychotria greenwelliae''
* ''
Psychotria guerkeana''
* ''
Psychotria hanoverensis''
* ''
Psychotria hierniana''
* ''
Psychotria hobdyi''
* ''
Psychotria insularum''
* ''
Psychotria lanceifolia''
* ''
Psychotria ligustrifolia''
* ''
Psychotria longipetiolata''
* ''
Psychotria loniceroides''
* ''
Psychotria macrocarpa''
* ''
Psychotria marchionica''
* ''
Psychotria mariana''
* ''
Psychotria mariniana''
* ''
Psychotria megalopus''
* ''
Psychotria megistantha''
* ''
Psychotria minimicalyx''
* ''
Psychotria moseskemei''
* ''
Psychotria nervosa
''Psychotria nervosa'', also known as Seminole balsamo or wild coffee, is a shade tolerant medium-sized shrub native to Florida as well as the West Indies and Central and South America. It produces a "small, red, ellipsoid fruit" that resembles " ...
''
* ''
Psychotria peteri''
* ''
Psychotria petitii''
* ''
Psychotria plicata''
* ''
Psychotria plurivenia''
* ''
Psychotria podocarpa''
* ''
Psychotria pseudoplatyphylla''
* ''
Psychotria punctata
''Psychotria punctata'', the dotted wild coffee, is a species of plants in the family Rubiaceae.
Distribution
This species can be found from Southern Somalia to Mozambique and Comoros
The Comoros,, ' officially the Union of the Comoros,; ...
''
* ''
Psychotria raivavaensis''
* ''
Psychotria rhonhofiae''
* ''
Psychotria rimbachii''
* ''
Psychotria rostrata''
* ''
Psychotria rufipilis''
* ''
Psychotria saloiana''
* ''
Psychotria siphonophora''
* ''
Psychotria sodiroi''
* ''
Psychotria sordida''
* ''
Psychotria speciosa''
* ''
Psychotria srilankensis''
* ''
Psychotria tahitensis''
* ''
Psychotria taitensis''
* ''
Psychotria tenuifolia''
* ''
Psychotria tubuaiensis
''Psychotria tubuaiensis'' is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to the Tubuai Islands of French Polynesia
)Territorial motto: ( en, "Great Tahiti of the Golden Haze")
, anthem =
, song_type = Regional anthem
, song ...
''
* ''
Psychotria viridis''
* ''
Psychotria waasii''
* ''
Psychotria woytkowskii''
* ''
Psychotria zombamontana''
Formerly placed here
* ''
Psychotria elata'' = ''Palicourea elata''
* ''
Psychotria poeppigiana'' = ''Palicourea tomentosa''
Image gallery
File:Psychotria asiatica botyouji01.jpg, ''Psychotria asiatica
''Psychotria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the Family (biology), family Rubiaceae. It contains 1,582 species and is therefore one of the largest genera of flowering plants. The genus has a pantropical distribution and members of the genus a ...
''
File:九節木Psychotria rubra 20210609155251 25.jpg, Many nodes on the branches are the main feature of ''Psychotria asiatica
''Psychotria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the Family (biology), family Rubiaceae. It contains 1,582 species and is therefore one of the largest genera of flowering plants. The genus has a pantropical distribution and members of the genus a ...
''
File:Psychotria elliptica.jpg, '' Psychotria elliptica''
File:Psychotria viridis.gif, '' Psychotria viridis''
File:Psychotria ankasensis.jpg, '' Psychotria ankasensis''
File:Psychotria nervosa-cropped.jpg, ''Psychotria nervosa
''Psychotria nervosa'', also known as Seminole balsamo or wild coffee, is a shade tolerant medium-sized shrub native to Florida as well as the West Indies and Central and South America. It produces a "small, red, ellipsoid fruit" that resembles " ...
''
File:Psychotria capensis-original.jpg, '' Psychotria capensis''
See also
*
List of the largest genera of flowering plants
There are over 56 genera of flowering plants estimated to contain at least 500 described species. The largest of these is currently the legume genus '' Astragalus'' (milk-vetches), with over 3,000 species.
The sizes of plant genera vary widely f ...
References
Psychotria L. Plants of the World OnlineAccepted species Plants of the World Online
External links
''Psychotria'' in the World Checklist of Rubiaceae
{{Taxonbar, from=Q904250
Rubiaceae genera
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus