The Caribbean Terrane ( es, Terreno del Caribe, ''TC'') is one of the geological provinces (

terrane In geology, a terrane (; in full, a tectonostratigraphic terrane) is a crust (geology), crust fragment formed on a tectonic plate (or broken off from it) and Accretion (geology), accreted or "Suture (geology), sutured" to crust lying on another pla ...

s) of Colombia. The terrane, dating to the

Late Cretaceous The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale. Rock strata from this epoch form the Upper Cretaceous Series. The Cretaceous is named after ''creta'', ...

, is situated on the North Andes Plate and borders the

La Guajira La Guajira () is a department of Colombia. It occupies most of the Guajira Peninsula in the northeast region of the country, on the Caribbean Sea and bordering Venezuela, at the northernmost tip of South America. The capital city of the departm ...

Chibcha The Muisca (also called Chibcha) are an indigenous people and culture of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Colombia, that formed the Muisca Confederation before the Spanish conquest. The people spoke Muysccubun, a language of the Chibchan lan ...

and underlying

Tahamí Terrane The Tahamí ( es, Terreno Tahamí, ''TT'') or Tahamí-Panzenú Terrane is one of the geological provinces (terranes) of Colombia. The terrane, dating to the Permo-Triassic, is situated on the North Andes Plate. The contact with the Chibcha, Arqu ...

along the regional

Bucaramanga-Santa Marta Fault The Bucaramanga-Santa Marta Fault (BSMF, BSF) or Bucaramanga-Santa Marta Fault System ( es, (Sistema de) Falla(s) de Bucaramanga-Santa Marta) is a major oblique transpressional sinistral strike-slip fault (wrench fault) in the departments of Mag ...

.Paris et al., 2000, p.10 The terrane overlies the Tahamí, Arquía and Quebradagrande Terranes along the Romeral Fault System.Paris et al., 2000, pp.20–26Gómez Tapias et al., 2015, p.209

Reinterpretation

A study performed by Mora Bohórquez et al. in 2017 showed no basement variation between the

Chibcha Terrane The Chibcha Terrane ( es, Terreno Chibcha, ''TCH''), named after Chibcha, is the largest of the geological provinces (terranes) of Colombia. The terrane, the oldest explored domains of which date to the Meso- to Neoproterozoic, is situated on the ...

San Lucas basement underlying the

Lower Magdalena Valley Lower may refer to: *Lower (surname) *Lower Township, New Jersey *Lower Receiver (firearms) *Lower Wick Lower Wick is a small hamlet located in the county of Gloucestershire, England. It is situated about five miles south west of Dursley, eig ...

(VIM) and the SNSM basement to the east of the Santa Marta Fault. The authors redefined the contacts between the different terranes, using the names Calima Terrane for the coastal portion of the Caribbean Terrane ( San Jacinto and Sinú foldbelts) and Tahamí-Panzenú Terrane for the

.Mora Bohórquez et al., 2017, p.20

Subdivision

Domains

The terrane was subdivided by Fuck et al. (2008) into:Fuck et al., 2008, p.112Guiral Vega et al., 2015, p.42 ;Oceanic crust * Calima Terrane ( Calima, emplaced in Late Cretaceous) * Cuna Terrane ( Cuna, emplaced in Miocene) * Gorgona Terrane ( Gorgona, Miocene)

Complexes

* Alto Condoto * Santa Cecilia-La Equis * Uré *

Cajamarca Cajamarca (), also known by the Quechua name, ''Kashamarka'', is the capital and largest city of the Cajamarca Region as well as an important cultural and commercial center in the northern Andes. It is located in the northern highlands of Peru ...

* Puquí * Bolo Azul *

Cañasgordas Cañasgordas is a town and municipality in Antioquia Department, Colombia. Climate Cañasgordas has a tropical rainforest climate A tropical rainforest climate, humid tropical climate or equatorial climate is a tropical climate sub-type usuall ...

* Mistrató ** Mistrató Tonalite - Paleogene (46 ± 7 Ma)Vallejo Hincapié et al., 2011, p.56 *

Buriticá Buriticá is a town and municipality in Antioquia Department, Colombia. Demography An 1852 watercolor by Henry Price depicts an Indian man and woman from Buriticá wearing blue and white clothing bears the notation, "Colonel Codazzi believes t ...

* Anserma - Late Cretaceous (71 ± 2.1 Ma)Vallejo Hincapié et al., 2011, p.55 ;Batholiths *

Acandí Acandí is a town in Colombia at the northern extremity of the department of Chocó in the northwest of Colombia, bordering Panama and the Caribbean Sea. It is from the department's capital, Quibdó. Its average temperature is . It was founded a ...

* Mandé - MioceneVallejo Hincapié et al., 2011, p.48 * Sabanalarga - Cretaceous * Santa Bárbara * Puqui * Río Tarazá * Carauta * Nudillales * Cerro Plateado *

Farallones The Farallon Islands, or Farallones (from the Spanish ''farallón'' meaning "pillar" or "sea cliff"), are a group of islands and sea stacks in the Gulf of the Farallones, off the coast of San Francisco, California, United States. The islands ...

* Comitá * San José de Urama * La Clara-Río Calle

Volcanoes

Azufral Azufral is a stratovolcano located in the department of Nariño in southern Colombia, west of the town of Túquerres. It is the only volcano of the Western Ranges of the Colombian Andes. Its name derives from the Spanish word for sulfur, ''a ...

* Chiles * Cumbal *

El Totumo El Totumo Mud Volcano ( es, Volcán de Lodo El Totumo) is an active mud volcano located near sea level in northern Colombia in the municipality of Santa Catalina. A local tourist destination, popular for its alleged healing mud bath, it receives ...

(

mud volcano A mud volcano or mud dome is a landform created by the eruption of mud or slurries, water and gases. Several geological processes may cause the formation of mud volcanoes. Mud volcanoes are not true igneous volcanoes as they do not produce la ...

)

Ranges

* Central *

Western Western may refer to: Places *Western, Nebraska, a village in the US *Western, New York, a town in the US *Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia *Western world, countries that id ...

Nudo de los Pastos Nudo de los Pastos, in English meaning "Knot of the Pastos" or also known as the "Massif of Huaca", is an Andean orographic Orography is the study of the topographic relief of mountains, and can more broadly include hills, and any part of a r ...

* Darién * Baudó *

Montes de María The Montes de María is an isolated group of small mountains near the northern coast of Colombia in the Caribbean Region. The Montes de María (also known as Serranía de San Jacinto) are the last part of the Serranía de San Jerónimo which exte ...

Basins

* Cauca-Patía * Chocó * Sinú-San Jacinto *

Tumaco Tumaco is a port city and municipality in the Nariño Department, Colombia, by the Pacific Ocean. It is located on the southwestern corner of Colombia, near the border with Ecuador, and experiences a hot tropical climate. Tumaco is inhabited mai ...

* Urabá

Faults

* Bucaramanga-Santa Marta (BSF) * Romeral (RFS) **

Armenia Armenia (), , group=pron officially the Republic of Armenia,, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia.The UNbr>classification of world regions places Armenia in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook , , and ' ...

** Buesaco-Aranda ** Córdoba-Navarco **

Montenegro ) , image_map = Europe-Montenegro.svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Podgorica , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , official_languages = M ...

** Paraíso ** Piendamó ** Rosas-Julumito *

Abriaquí Abriaquí is a town and municipality in Antioquia Department, Colombia. Climate Abriaquí has a subtropical highland climate An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate, is the humid temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classificati ...

Paris et al., 2000, p.18 * ArgeliaParis et al., 2000, p.51 *

Paris et al., 2000, p.17 * Cauca * GarrapatasParis et al., 2000, p.52 *

Murindó Murindó is a town and municipality in the Colombian department of Antioquia. Climate Murindó has a tropical rainforest climate A tropical rainforest climate, humid tropical climate or equatorial climate is a tropical climate sub-type usual ...

Paris et al., 2000, p.14 * MurríParis et al., 2000, p.17 *

Mutatá Mutatá is a municipality in the Colombian department of Antioquia. Climate Mutatá has a tropical rainforest climate (Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (born 1951), German pianist a ...

Paris et al., 2000, p.14 *

Montería Montería () is a municipality and city located in northern Colombia and is the capital of the Department of Córdoba. The city is located away from the Caribbean sea, by the Sinú River. The city and region are known for their distinct cultur ...

Paris et al., 2000, p.12 * Naya-MicayParis et al., 2000, p.54 * PiedranchaParis et al., 2000, p.55 * Remolino-El CharcoParis et al., 2000, p.55 * Santa RitaParis et al., 2000, p.26 * El TamborParis et al., 2000, p.53 * ToroParis et al., 2000, p.51 * TucuráParis et al., 2000, p.13 *

Unguía Unguía is a municipality and town in the far north of the Chocó Department, Colombia. Climate Unguía has a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (born 1951), G ...

Paris et al., 2000, p.15 *

Urrao Urrao is a town and municipality of Colombia, located in the subregion southwest of the department of Antioquia. Limited by the north with the municipalities of Frontino and Abriaquí, in the east with the municipalities of Abriaquí, Caic ...

Paris et al., 2000, p.18

Gallery

File:NorthAndesPlate.png, North Andes Plate File:Mapa de Amenaza Sísmica de Colombia.png, Seismic activity map File:AGHRC (1890) - Carta XVII - Geología de Colombia, Venezuela y Ecuador.jpg, Geologic map (Codazzi, 1890) File:Blakey 065Ma - COL.jpg, Paleogeography of the Late Cretaceous (Blakey) Geological_Map_of_Colombia

References

Bibliography

Terranes

* * * *

Caribbean Terrane

* * * * *

Reports

* *

Maps

* * * * * * * * {{Tectonism in Colombia, state=expanded Terranes Geology of Colombia Cretaceous Colombia Late Cretaceous South America

Terranes In geology, a terrane (; in full, a tectonostratigraphic terrane) is a crust fragment formed on a tectonic plate (or broken off from it) and accreted or " sutured" to crust lying on another plate. The crustal block or fragment preserves its own ...

Geology of the Andes