''Cyprinella'' is a genus of fish in the family

Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family and the largest v ...

, the carps and minnows. They are known as the satinfin shiners. They are native to North America, and some are among the most common

freshwater fish Freshwater fish are those that spend some or all of their lives in fresh water, such as rivers and lakes, with a salinity of less than 1.05%. These environments differ from marine conditions in many ways, especially the difference in levels of s ...

species on the eastern side of the continent.Broughton, R. E. and J. R. Gold. (2000)
Phylogenetic relationships in the North American cyprinid genus ''Cyprinella'' (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae) based on sequences of the mitochondrial ND2 and ND4L genes.
''Copeia'' 2000(1) 1-10. Conversely, several ''Cyprinella'' species with small distributions are

threatened Threatened species are any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of ''critical depensa ...

and the

Maravillas Creek Maravillas Creek is a river in Texas. It is a tributary of the Rio Grande. See also * List of rivers of Texas * List of tributaries of the Rio Grande Tributaries and sub-tributaries are hierarchically listed in order from the mouth of the Rio Gr ...

subspecies of the

red shiner The red shiner or red-horse minnow (''Cyprinella lutrensis'') is a North American species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. They are deep-bodied and laterally compressed,Farringer R.T., III, A.A. Echelle, and S.F. Lehtinen. 1979. Repr ...

(''Cyprinella lutrensis blairi'') is extinct. The largest species reach around in total length. Breeding males often develop bright coloration. Fish of the genus produce audible sounds during

courtship Courtship is the period wherein some couples get to know each other prior to a possible marriage. Courtship traditionally may begin after a betrothal and may conclude with the celebration of marriage. A courtship may be an informal and private ...

and

conflict Conflict may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Conflict'' (1921 film), an American silent film directed by Stuart Paton * ''Conflict'' (1936 film), an American boxing film starring John Wayne * ''Conflict'' (1937 film) ...

.Phillips, C. T. and C. E. Johnston. (2008)
Geographical divergence of acoustic signals in ''Cyprinella galactura'', the whitetail shiner (Cyprinidae).
''Animal Behaviour'' 75(2), 617-26.

Species

There are currently 32 recognized species in this genus: Cyprinella analostana

*''

Cyprinella alvarezdelvillari The Tepehuan shiner (''Cyprinella alvarezdelvillari'') is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to Mexico. It was described as a new species from a stream in the headwaters of Nazas River in Arroyo del Péñon Blanco, upstream of Peñón Blanco, Du ...

'' Contreras-Balderas & Lozano-Vilano, 1994 (Tepehuan shiner) *''

Cyprinella analostana The satinfin shiner (''Cyprinella analostana'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. It is native to the eastern United States, where its distribution extends from New York to South Carolina. It is a common fish a ...

'' Girard, 1859 (satinfin shiner) *''

Cyprinella bocagrande The largemouth shiner (''Cyprinella bocagrande'') is a critically endangered species of cyprinid fish. It is found only in the Guzmán Basin in northwestern Chihuahua, Mexico, where it is called ''sardinita bocagrande''. In 2012, it only surviv ...

'' (

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R. R. Miller Robert Rush Miller (April 23, 1916 – February 10, 2003) "was an important figure in American ichthyology and conservation from 1940 to the 1990s." He was born in Colorado Springs, earned his bachelor's degree at University of California, Berke ...

, 1982) (largemouth shiner) *''

Cyprinella caerulea The blue shiner (''Cyprinella caerulea'') is a species of fish in the carp family. It is native to the southeastern United States, where it is endemic to the Cahaba and Coosa River systems of the Mobile River Basin. This is a federally listed ...

'' ( D. S. Jordan, 1877) (Blue shiner) *''

Cyprinella callisema The Ocmulgee shiner (''Cyprinella callisema'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the United States where it occurs in the Altamaha and Ogeechee river drainages in Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georg ...

'' (D. S. Jordan, 1877) (Ocmulgee shiner) *''

Cyprinella callistia The Alabama shiner (''Cyprinella callistia'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the United States where it occurs in the Alabama and Tombigbee river systems in Alabama, Georgia, eastern Mississippi, and extreme southe ...

'' (D. S. Jordan, 1877) (Alabama shiner) *''

Cyprinella callitaenia The bluestripe shiner (''Cyprinella callitaenia'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found only in the United States where it is found in the Apalachicola River drainage in Florida, Alabama, and Georgia Georgia m ...

'' (R. M. Bailey &

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, 1956) (bluestripe shiner) *''

Cyprinella camura The bluntface shiner (''Cyprinella camura'') is a species of fish in the carp family, Cyprinidae. It is native to the United States, where it occurs in two disjunct populations on either side of the Mississippi River The Mississippi River ...

'' (D. S. Jordan &

Meek Meekness is an attribute of human nature and behavior that has been defined as an amalgam of righteousness, inner humility, and patience. Meekness has been contrasted with humility alone insomuch as humility simply refers to an attitude towards o ...

, 1884) (bluntface shiner) *''

Cyprinella chloristia The greenfin shiner ('Cyprinella chloristia'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the United States, where it occurs in the Santee River drainage in North Carolina and South Carolina, and the Peedee River The Pee De ...

'' ( D. S. Jordan and Brayton, 1878) (greenfin shiner) *''

Cyprinella eurystoma ''Cyprinella eurystoma '' is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. Cy ...

'' (D. S. Jordan, 1877) *''

Cyprinella formosa The beautiful shiner (''Cyprinella formosa'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Mexico and Arizona and New Mexico in the United States. It is one of 22 species of ''Cyprinella ''Cyprinella'' is a genus of ...

'' (Girard, 1856) (beautiful shiner) *''

Cyprinella galactura The whitetail shiner (''Cyprinella galactura'') is a freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It inhabits the Tennessee and Cumberland river drainages of Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and Kentucky, Atlant ...

'' (

Cope The cope (known in Latin as ''pluviale'' 'rain coat' or ''cappa'' 'cape') is a liturgical vestment, more precisely a long mantle or cloak, open in front and fastened at the breast with a band or clasp. It may be of any liturgical colours, litu ...

, 1868) (whitetail shiner) *''

Cyprinella garmani The gibbous shiner (''Cyprinella garmani'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to Mexico. It resides in the states of Durango, Zacatecas and Coahuila Coahuila (), formally Coahuila de Zaragoza (), officially the Free ...

'' (D. S. Jordan, 1885) (

gibbous shiner The gibbous shiner (''Cyprinella garmani'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to Mexico. It resides in the states of Durango, Zacatecas and Coahuila Coahuila (), formally Coahuila de Zaragoza (), officially the Free ...

) *''

Cyprinella gibbsi The Tallapoosa shiner (''Cyprinella gibbsi'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the b ...

'' (W. M. Howell &

J. D. Williams J.D. Williams (born May 22, 1978) is an American actor known for his starring roles in the HBO television programs '' Oz'' as Kenny Wangler, ''The Wire'' as Bodie Broadus and ''Pootie Tang'' as Froggy, ''Surviving Family'' (2012) as Bobby, ' ...

, 1971) (Tallapoosa shiner) *''

Cyprinella labrosa ''Cyprinella'' is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. They are known as the satinfin shiners. They are native to North America, and some are among the most common freshwater fish species on the eastern side of the con ...

'' (Cope, 1870) (thicklip chub) *''

Cyprinella leedsi The bannerfin shiner (''Cyprinella leedsi'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the United States, where it occurs on the Atlantic Slope from the Edisto River drainage in South Carolina to the Altamaha River drainage ...

'' ( Fowler, 1942) (bannerfin shiner) *''

Cyprinella lepida The Plateau shiner (''Cyprinella lepida'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the United States, where it occurs on the Edwards Plateau in Texas where it inhabits the upper Guadalupe Guadalupe or Guadeloupe may refer ...

'' Girard, 1856 (plateau shiner) *''

Cyprinella lutrensis The red shiner or red-horse minnow (''Cyprinella lutrensis'') is a North American species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. They are deep-bodied and laterally compressed,Farringer R.T., III, A.A. Echelle, and S.F. Lehtinen. 1979. Repr ...

'' ( S. F. Baird & Girard, 1853) (red shiner) *''

Cyprinella monacha Spotfin chub (''Cyprinella monacha'') is a ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae that is endemic to the Tennessee River watershed. Its other common names include turquoise shiner and chromium shiner. Appearance and anatomy Spotfin chub have an ...

'' (Cope, 1868) (spotfin chub) *''

Cyprinella nivea The whitefin shiner (''Cyprinella nivea'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the United States, where it occurs on the Atlantic Slope from the Neuse River drainage in North Carolina to the Savannah River ...

'' (Cope, 1870) (whitefin shiner) *''

Cyprinella panarcys The Conchos shiner (''Cyprinella panarcys'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relativ ...

'' ( C. L. Hubbs &

, 1978) (Conchos shiner) *''

Cyprinella proserpina The Proserpine shiner (''Cyprinella proserpina'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Mexico and the United States. Its natural habitat is river A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually fre ...

'' (Girard, 1856) (Proserpine shiner) *'' Cyprinella pyrrhomelas'' (Cope, 1870) (fieryblack shiner) *''

Cyprinella rutila The Mexican red shiner (''Cyprinella rutila'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the ...

'' (Girard, 1856) (Mexican red shiner) *''

Cyprinella spiloptera The spotfin shiner (''Cyprinella spiloptera'') is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is a small sized freshwater fish found abundantly in many watercourses of North America. Taxonomy Edward Drinker Cope described the spotf ...

'' (Cope, 1867) (spotfin shiner) *''

Cyprinella stigmatura ''Cyprinella stigmatura'' is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. C ...

'' (D. S. Jordan, 1877) *''

Cyprinella trichroistia The tricolor shiner (''Cyprinella trichroistia'') It is endemic to the United States where it occurs in the Alabama River drainage in Alabama, northwestern Georgia, and southeastern Tennessee Tennessee ( , ), officially the State of Tennes ...

'' (D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1878) (tricolor shiner) *''

Cyprinella venusta The blacktail shiner (''Cyprinella venusta'') is a small freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae native to the United States. Description and anatomy The blacktail shiner is a somewhat slender minnow with 8-9 rays on the anal fin, and a promine ...

'' Girard, 1856 (blacktail shiner) *''

Cyprinella whipplei ''Cyprinella whipplei'', the steelcolor shiner, is a freshwater fish species found in North America. It is common throughout the Mississippi River basin and in the Black Warrior River system in Alabama. Adults may reach a maximum size of whi ...

'' Girard, 1856 (steelcolor shiner) *''

Cyprinella xaenura The Altamaha shiner (''Cyprinella xaenura'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the Piedmont region of Georgia, where it occurs in the upper areas of thAltamaha River drainage area primarily above the fall line in ...

'' (D. S. Jordan, 1877) (Altamaha shiner) *''

Cyprinella xanthicara The Cuatro Cienegas shiner (''Cyprinella xanthicara'') is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. Distribution The small fish is endemic to the springs and marshes of the Cuatro Ciénegas and Cuatrociénegas Municipality area of ...

'' (

W. L. Minckley Wendell Lee Minckley (November 13, 1935 – June 22, 2001) was a college professor and leading expert on fish. He spent most of his career at Arizona State University. In 1963, he with Robert Rush Miller discovered and named the northern platy ...

& Lytle, 1969) (Cuatro Cienegas shiner) *''

Cyprinella zanema The Santee chub (''Cyprinella zanema'') is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the United States, where it occurs in the Cape Fear, Pee Dee, and upper Santee river drainages in North and South Carolina )'' Animis opi ...

'' ( D. S. Jordan and Brayton, 1878) (Santee chub)

References

Cyprinidae genera Cyprinid fish of North America Freshwater fish of the United States Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Leuciscinae-stub