Craugastoridae, commonly known as fleshbelly frogs, is a
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
of
New World
The term "New World" is used to describe the majority of lands of Earth's Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas, and sometimes Oceania."America." ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: ...
direct-developing frog
A frog is any member of a diverse and largely semiaquatic group of short-bodied, tailless amphibian vertebrates composing the order (biology), order Anura (coming from the Ancient Greek , literally 'without tail'). Frog species with rough ski ...
s. As delineated here, following the Amphibian Species of the World, it contains 129 species. They are found from the southern United States southwards to Central and South America.
Taxonomy
The taxon was created by
Stephen Blair Hedges, William Edward Duellman and Matthew P. Heinicke in 2008.
[ The taxonomy of these frogs is not yet settled,][ with correspondingly smaller Craugastoridae.][ and more recently in 2021.]
Life history
With the possible exception of '' Craugastor laticeps'' that may be ovoviviparous,
craugastorid frogs have direct development: no free-living tadpole
A tadpole or polliwog (also spelled pollywog) is the Larva, larval stage in the biological life cycle of an amphibian. Most tadpoles are fully Aquatic animal, aquatic, though some species of amphibians have tadpoles that are terrestrial animal, ...
stage is known; instead, eggs develop directly into small froglets.
Genera
Two genera are recognised in the family Craugastoridae:[
* '' Craugastor'' Cope, 1862 (126 species)
* '' Haddadus'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 (three species)
]
Taxa formerly in Craugastoridae
The following two taxa were formerly placed in Craugastoridae, but are now ''incerta sedis'' within the superfamily Brachycephaloidea
Brachycephaloidea (or Terrarana) is a large Monophyly, monophyletic unranked clade of Direct development, direct-developing frogs including more than 1,100 species, comprising about 15% of named frog species. Brachycephaloids inhabit the New Worl ...
, awaiting more data to resolve their position:monotypic
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unisp ...
)
* '' Geobatrachus'' Ruthven, 1915 (monotypic
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unisp ...
)
References
{{Taxonbar, from1=Q110907310, from3=Q55463, from2=Q5938285
Amphibian families
Taxa named by William Edward Duellman
Taxa named by Stephen Blair Hedges