''Corydoras'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

freshwater Fresh water or freshwater is any naturally occurring liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. The term excludes seawater and brackish water, but it does include non-salty mi ...

catfish Catfish (or catfishes; order (biology), order Siluriformes or Nematognathi) are a diverse group of ray-finned fish. Catfish are common name, named for their prominent barbel (anatomy), barbels, which resemble a cat's whiskers, though not ...

in the family

Callichthyidae Callichthyidae is a family of catfishes (order Siluriformes), called armored catfishes due to the two rows of bony plates (or scutes) along the lengths of their bodies. It contains some of the most popular freshwater aquarium fish, such as many ...

and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of

endemism Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...

than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost equals the area of distribution of the family, except for

Panama Panama, officially the Republic of Panama, is a country in Latin America at the southern end of Central America, bordering South America. It is bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north, and ...

where ''Corydoras'' is not present. ''Corydoras'' species are distributed in

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...

where they can be found from the east of the

Andes The Andes ( ), Andes Mountains or Andean Mountain Range (; ) are the List of longest mountain chains on Earth, longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range ...

to the

Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, with an area of about . It covers approximately 17% of Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the Age of Discovery, it was known for se ...

coast, from

Trinidad Trinidad is the larger, more populous island of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, the country. The island lies off the northeastern coast of Venezuela and sits on the continental shelf of South America. It is the southernmost island in ...

to the Río de la Plata drainage in northern

Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...

. Species assigned to ''Corydoras'' display a broad diversity of body shapes and coloration. ''Corydoras'' are small fish, ranging from in SL., and are protected from predators by their body armor and by their sharp, typically venomous spines.

Taxonomy

The name ''Corydoras'' is derived from the

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

''kory'' (helmet) and ''doras'' (skin). ''Corydoras'' is by far the largest genus of

Neotropical The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In biogeogra ...

fishes with more than 160 species. It is the sole genus in the tribe Corydoradini. ''C. difluviatilis'' is recognized as the basalmost species of Corydoradini, exhibiting several

plesiomorphic In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy ("near form") and symplesiomorphy are synonyms for an ancestral character shared by all members of a clade, which does not distinguish the clade from other clades. Plesiomorphy, symplesiomorphy, apomorphy, an ...

features compared to the other species of ''Corydoras''. The

type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...

for this genus is ''Corydoras geoffroy''. Several hundred species are not yet classified, but kept by aquarists. These species are given 'C-numbers', originally devised by Hans-Georg Evers for the German fishkeeping magazine '' DATZ'' in 1993. , 158 C-numbers had been assigned, of which 32 had been assigned appropriate scientific names. The species ''C. barbatus'', ''C. macropterus'' and ''C. prionotos'' have been reclassified into the genus ''

Scleromystax ''Scleromystax'' is a genus of fish in the family Callichthyidae endemic to small tributaries from several coastal river basins draining the southern and southeastern regions in Brazil. Most of the species of ''Scleromystax'' are highly sexuall ...

''. ''

Brochis ''Corydoras'' is a genus of freshwater catfish in the family Callichthyidae and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of endemism than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost ...

'' had been differentiated from ''Corydoras'' due to the higher number of

dorsal fin A dorsal fin is a fin on the back of most marine and freshwater vertebrates. Dorsal fins have evolved independently several times through convergent evolution adapting to marine environments, so the fins are not all homologous. They are found ...

rays; however, ''Brochis'' has recently been suggested to be a

synonym A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means precisely or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. For example, in the English language, the words ''begin'', ''start'', ''commence'', and ''initiate'' are a ...

of ''Corydoras''. This is contested and has not been universally accepted. The sixray corydoras belongs in '' Aspidoras''.

''Brochis''

''Brochis'' is a formerly recognized genus of catfish. Between one and three

fish A fish (: fish or fishes) is an aquatic animal, aquatic, Anamniotes, anamniotic, gill-bearing vertebrate animal with swimming fish fin, fins and craniate, a hard skull, but lacking limb (anatomy), limbs with digit (anatomy), digits. Fish can ...

of the

in the

Siluriformes Catfish (or catfishes; order Siluriformes or Nematognathi) are a diverse group of ray-finned fish. Catfish are named for their prominent barbels, which resemble a cat's whiskers, though not all catfish have prominent barbels or "whis ...

order are referred to as ''Brochis'', however following recent classification these three species have been grouped in the genus ''Corydoras''. The genus is considered defunct by most scientific authorities, or as a junior synonym or subgenus of ''Corydoras''. Consequently, it is an example of obsolete taxa Despite being considered defunct, there are several morphological differences that fish formerly classified in the genus ''Brochis'' have. These include a noticeably larger body, a more lyre-like tail and most decisively, the extended dorsal fins that have more rays than those of ''Corydoras'' ''Corydoras'' have 7–10 rays on their dorsal fins, while Brochis have 10–18. ''Brochis'' are very large for their family, as all three species can exceed in length. In the ''Brochis'' stable, ''Corydoras splendens'' is the largest. It is also the largest ''Corydoras'' attaining a maximum size of 9.9 centimetres and 40 grams.

Ecology

''Corydoras'' are generally found in smaller-sized

streams A stream is a continuous body of surface water flowing within the bed and banks of a channel. Depending on its location or certain characteristics, a stream may be referred to by a variety of local or regional names. Long, large stream ...

, along the margins of larger

river A river is a natural stream of fresh water that flows on land or inside Subterranean river, caves towards another body of water at a lower elevation, such as an ocean, lake, or another river. A river may run dry before reaching the end of ...

s, in

marsh In ecology, a marsh is a wetland that is dominated by herbaceous plants rather than by woody plants.Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p More in genera ...

es, and in

pond A pond is a small, still, land-based body of water formed by pooling inside a depression (geology), depression, either naturally or artificiality, artificially. A pond is smaller than a lake and there are no official criteria distinguishing ...

s. They are native to slow-moving and almost still (but seldom stagnant) streams and small rivers of

, where the water is shallow and very murky. Most species are bottom-dwellers, foraging in sand, gravel or detritus. The banks and sides of the streams are covered with a dense growth of plants and this is where the Corydoras are found. They inhabit a wide variety of water types but tend toward soft, neutral to slightly acidic or slightly alkaline pH and 5–10 degrees of

hardness In materials science, hardness (antonym: softness) is a measure of the resistance to plastic deformation, such as an indentation (over an area) or a scratch (linear), induced mechanically either by Pressing (metalworking), pressing or abrasion ...

. They can tolerate only a small amount of salt (some species tolerate none at all) and do not inhabit environments with tidal influences. They are often seen in shoals. Most species prefer being in groups and many species are found in schools or aggregations of hundreds or even thousands of individuals, usually of a single species, but occasionally with other species mixed in. Unlike most catfishes, which are nocturnal, these species are nocturnal while also being active during the daytime. ''Corydoras'' are capable of breathing both water and air, often swimming to the surface to quickly ingest air before re-submerging. The frequency of this air breathing behavior increases when Corydoras are exposed to water with low oxygen availability, allowing them to tolerate periods of aquatic hypoxia. Their main food is bottom-dwelling insects and insect larvae and various worms, as well as some vegetable matter. Although no Corydoras are

piscivorous A piscivore () is a carnivorous animal that primarily eats fish. Fish were the diet of early tetrapod evolution (via water-bound amphibians during the Devonian period); insectivory came next; then in time, the more terrestrially adapted rept ...

, they will eat flesh from dead fishes. Their feeding method is to search the bottom with their sensory

barbels In fish anatomy and turtle anatomy, a barbel is a slender, whisker like sensory organ near the mouth (sometimes called whiskers or tendrils). Fish that have barbels include the catfish, the carp, the goatfish, the hagfish, the sturgeon, the z ...

and suck up food items with their mouth, often burying their snout up to their eyes. In several species of ''Corydoras'', it has been observed that the fishes, after initial evasive reaction to threat, lie still; this is suggested to be a form of cryptic behavior. However, it is also argued that most species do not have cryptic coloration nor freezing behavior and continue to exist, likely due to their armor and venom. A few species of '' Otocinclus'': ('' O. affinis'', '' O. flexilis'', '' O. mimulus'' and '' O. xakriaba'') are considered to be Batesian mimics of certain ''Corydoras'' species (''C. diphyes'', ''C. garbei'', ''C. nattereri'' and ''C. paleatus'', respectively). These species have bony plates of armor and strong, frequently venomous spines as defenses, making them less palatable; by mimicking these species in size and coloration, ''Otocinclus'' avoid predation. A unique form of insemination has been described in '' Corydoras aeneus''. When these fish reproduce, the male will present his abdomen to the female. The female will attach her mouth to the male's genital opening, creating the well-known "T-position" many ''Corydoras'' exhibit during courtship. The female will then drink the

sperm Sperm (: sperm or sperms) is the male reproductive Cell (biology), cell, or gamete, in anisogamous forms of sexual reproduction (forms in which there is a larger, female reproductive cell and a smaller, male one). Animals produce motile sperm ...

. The sperm rapidly moves through her intestines and is discharged together with her eggs into a pouch formed by her pelvic fins. The female can then swim away and deposit the pouch somewhere else alone. Because the T-position is exhibited in other species than just ''C. aeneus'', it is likely that this behavior is common in the genus.

In the aquarium

The genus is well known among aquarists for its many ornamental species. ''Corydoras'' are quite placid and well suited to

tropical The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the equator, where the sun may shine directly overhead. This contrasts with the temperate or polar regions of Earth, where the Sun can never be directly overhead. This is because of Earth's ax ...

freshwater community aquariums, as they get along well with most other species and are not aggressive. They are recommended to be kept in shoals of four to six or more. Corydoras are mostly bottom feeders, so they should be offered sinking pellets as well as supplements of live and frozen foods. If flake foods are used, care should be taken to prevent all food from being eaten by faster moving fish at the higher levels of the tank. Most Corydoras prefer water with a slightly basic pH between 7 and 8, and temperatures between They do not do well in fish tanks with high

nitrate Nitrate is a polyatomic ion with the chemical formula . salt (chemistry), Salts containing this ion are called nitrates. Nitrates are common components of fertilizers and explosives. Almost all inorganic nitrates are solubility, soluble in wa ...

levels. This ion leads to the infection of the

, which will shorten and become useless. The barbels may also be affected by constant contact with a sharp

substrate Substrate may refer to: Physical layers *Substrate (biology), the natural environment in which an organism lives, or the surface or medium on which an organism grows or is attached ** Substrate (aquatic environment), the earthy material that exi ...

. Contrary to popular belief, these fish can be kept in a tank with gravel without affecting their barbels, as long as there are no sharp edges on the gravel, although they do prefer sand substrate. They are more likely to thrive if there is an open area of substrate on the bottom of the tank where they can obtain submerged food. It is a myth that salt cannot be used on this species of fish as a means of parasite medication. Salt can be added to the water of the Corydoras catfish in order to rid the fish of ich. These fish are fairly easy to keep, being peaceful, hardy, active and entertaining. Occasionally they will dart to the surface, sticking their snout above the water for an instant to take a breath of air. This behavior is perfectly normal and is not an indication that anything is wrong with the fish. However, if this is done in excess, it can indicate poor water conditions. Where investigated, ''Corydoras sp.'' have been shown to be diurnal and

crepuscular In zoology, a crepuscular animal is one that is active primarily during the twilight period, being matutinal (active during dawn), vespertine (biology), vespertine/vespertinal (active during dusk), or both. This is distinguished from diurnalit ...

rather than nocturnal and activity can even peak at twilight. ''Corydoras'' are a very popular choice for a community aquarium and are widely kept throughout the world. Between the years of 2006 and 2015, over 8,600,000 ''Corydoras'' were

export An export in international trade is a good produced in one country that is sold into another country or a service provided in one country for a national or resident of another country. The seller of such goods or the service provider is a ...

ed from the state of Amazonas, accounting for roughly 6.06% of the state's ornamental fish exports during this time. Their longevity in the aquarium is noteworthy; ''C. aeneus'' is said to have lived 27 years in captivity and 20 years is not uncommon.

Species

, there are currently 171

extant Extant or Least-concern species, least concern is the opposite of the word extinct. It may refer to: * Extant hereditary titles * Extant literature, surviving literature, such as ''Beowulf'', the oldest extant manuscript written in English * Exta ...

species in this genus (as recognized by FishBase), as well as one known

extinct Extinction is the termination of an organism by the death of its Endling, last member. A taxon may become Functional extinction, functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to Reproduction, reproduce and ...

species: * '' Corydoras acrensis'' (Acre corydoras) * '' Corydoras acutus'' (Black-top corydoras) * '' Corydoras adolfoi'' (Adolfo's catfish) * '' Corydoras aeneus'' (Bronze corydoras) * '' Corydoras agassizii'' (Agassiz's corydoras) * '' Corydoras albolineatus'' (White stripe cory) * '' Corydoras amandajanea'' (Amanda Jane's cory) * '' Corydoras amapaensis'' (Amapa corydoras) * '' Corydoras ambiacus'' (Spotted corydoras) * ''

Corydoras amphibelus ''Corydoras'' is a genus of freshwater catfish in the family Callichthyidae and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of endemism than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost ...

'' (Mystery cory) * '' Corydoras apiaka'' (Arinos cory) * '' Corydoras approuaguensis'' (Zebratail cory) * '' Corydoras araguaiaensis'' (Araguaia cory) * '' Corydoras arcuatus'' (Skunk corydoras) * '' Corydoras areio'' (Hump cory) * '' Corydoras armatus'' (Sail cory) * '' Corydoras atropersonatus'' (Fairy catfish) * '' Corydoras aurofrenatus'' (Goldhead cory) * '' Corydoras axelrodi'' (Pink corydoras) * '' Corydoras baderi'' (Road cory) * '' Corydoras benatti'' (Speckled xingu cory) * '' Corydoras bicolor'' (Two-tone cory) * '' Corydoras bifasciatus'' (Two-stripe corydoras) * '' Corydoras bilineatus'' (White-striped corydoras) * '' Corydoras blochi'' (Spotback corydoras) * '' Corydoras boehlkei'' (Caura cory) * '' Corydoras boesemani'' (Boeseman's catfish) * '' Corydoras bondi'' (Black-stripe corydoras) * '' Corydoras breei'' (Avanavero cory) * '' Corydoras brevirostris'' (Spotted collar cory) * '' Corydoras britskii'' (Britski's catfish) * '' Corydoras brittoi'' * '' Corydoras burgessi'' (Burgess's catfish) * '' Corydoras carlae'' (Carla's cory) * '' Corydoras caudimaculatus'' (Tailspot corydoras) * '' Corydoras cervinus'' (Deer-faced cory) * '' Corydoras cochui'' (Barredtail corydoras) * ''

Corydoras colossus ''Corydoras'' is a genus of freshwater catfish in the family Callichthyidae and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of endemism than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost ...

'' (Colossus cory) * '' Corydoras concolor'' (Slate cory) * '' Corydoras condiscipulus'' (Schoolmate cory) * '' Corydoras copei'' (Lake cory) * '' Corydoras coppenamensis'' (Chopstick cory) * '' Corydoras coriatae'' (Hermit cory) * '' Corydoras cortesi'' * ''

Corydoras costai ''Corydoras'' is a genus of freshwater catfish in the family Callichthyidae and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of endemism than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost ...

'' * '' Corydoras crimmeni'' (Blackwater cory) * '' Corydoras cruziensis'' (Santa Cruz cory) * ''

Corydoras crypticus ''Corydoras'' is a genus of freshwater catfish in the family Callichthyidae and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of endemism than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost ...

'' (Yellow head cory) * '' Corydoras davidsandsi'' (Sands's corydoras) * ''

Corydoras delphax ''Corydoras'' is a genus of freshwater catfish in the family Callichthyidae and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of endemism than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost ...

'' (False blochi catfish) * '' Corydoras difluviatilis'' (Sparano cory) * '' Corydoras diphyes'' (Variable cory) * '' Corydoras duplicareus'' (Duplicate corydoras, broadstripe cory) * '' Corydoras ehrhardti'' (Olive cory) * '' Corydoras elegans'' (Elegant corydoras) * '' Corydoras ellisae'' (Two point cory) * '' Corydoras ephippifer'' (Saddle corydoras) * ''

Corydoras eques ''Corydoras eques'', the horseman's cory catfish or true eques cory, is a tropical freshwater fish belonging to the subfamily Corydoradinae of the family Callichthyidae. It was first described by Austrian zoologist Franz Steindachner Franz St ...

'' (Horseman's corydoras) * '' Corydoras esperanzae'' (Orocue cory) * '' Corydoras evelynae'' (Evelyn's cory) * '' Corydoras eversi'' Tencatt, L.F.C. & Britto, M.R. (2016): A new ''Corydoras'' Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Araguaia basin, Brazil, with comments about ''Corydoras araguaiaensis'' Sands, 1990. ''Neotropical Ichthyology, 14 (1): e150062.'' (Guarana cory) * '' Corydoras filamentosus'' (Filament cory) * '' Corydoras flaveolus'' (Yellow cory) * '' Corydoras fowleri'' (Fowler's cory) * ''

Corydoras froehlichi ''Corydoras'' is a genus of freshwater catfish in the family Callichthyidae and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of endemism than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost ...

'' Tencatt, L.F.C., Britto, M.R.d. & Pavanelli, C.S. (2016): Revisionary study of the armored catfish ''Corydoras paleatus'' (Jenyns, 1842) (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) over 180 years after its discovery by Darwin, with description of a new species. ''Neotropical Ichthyology, 14 (1): e150089.'' * '' Corydoras fulleri'' (Fuller's cory) * '' Corydoras garbei'' (Bahia cory) * '' Corydoras geoffroy'' (Wolf cory) * '' Corydoras geryi'' (Bolivian cory) * '' Corydoras gladysae'' (Gladys's cory) * ''

Corydoras gomezi ''Corydoras'' is a genus of freshwater catfish in the family Callichthyidae and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of endemism than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost ...

'' (Leticia cory) * '' Corydoras gossei'' (Pale-spotted corydoras) * '' Corydoras gracilis'' (Shy cory) * '' Corydoras griseus'' (Grey corydoras) * '' Corydoras gryphus'' (Dragon-fin cory) * '' Corydoras guapore'' (Guapore corydoras) * '' Corydoras guianensis'' (Light cory) * '' Corydoras habrosus'' (Salt and pepper catfish) * '' Corydoras haraldschultzi'' (Mosaic corydoras) * '' Corydoras hastatus'' (Dwarf corydoras) * ''

Corydoras hephaestus ''Corydoras'' is a genus of freshwater catfish in the family Callichthyidae and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of endemism than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost ...

'' (Fireball cory) * '' Corydoras heteromorphus'' (White cory) * '' Corydoras iiap''Tencatt, L. F. C., Ruiz-Tafur, M., & Chuctaya, J.. (2024). A new masked ''Corydoras'' (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the Itaya and Nanay river basins, Peruvian Amazon. Neotropical Ichthyology, 22(2), e240016. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2024-0016 * '' Corydoras imitator'' (Imitator cory) * '' Corydoras incolicana'' (Icana cory) * '' Corydoras isbrueckeri'' (Brazil longnose cory) * '' Corydoras julii'' (Julii corydoras) * '' Corydoras kanei'' (Kane's cory) * '' Corydoras knaacki'' Tencatt, L.F.C. & Evers, H.-G. (2016): A new species of ''Corydoras'' Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the río Madre de Dios basin, Peru. ''Neotropical Ichthyology, 14 (1): e150019.'' (Knaacks cory) * '' Corydoras lacerdai'' (Lacerda's cory) * '' Corydoras lacrimostigmata'' (Tearful cory) * '' Corydoras lamberti'' (Lambert's cory) * '' Corydoras latus'' (Wide cory) * '' Corydoras leopardus'' (Leopard corydoras) * '' Corydoras leucomelas'' (False spotted catfish) * '' Corydoras longipinnis'' (Long-finned cory) * '' Corydoras loretoensis'' (Loreto cory) * '' Corydoras loxozonus'' (Dirty bandit cory) * '' Corydoras lymnades'' (Nose stribed cory) * '' Corydoras maculifer'' (Dotted corydoras) * '' Corydoras mamore'' (Marmore cory) * '' Corydoras melanistius'' (Blue-spotted corydoras) * '' Corydoras melanotaenia'' (Green-gold catfish) * '' Corydoras melini'' (Bandit corydoras) * '' Corydoras metae'' (Masked corydoras) * ''

Corydoras micracanthus ''Corydoras'' is a genus of freshwater catfish in the family Callichthyidae and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of endemism than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost ...

'' (Andes cory) * '' Corydoras microcephalus'' (Peppered Argentina cory) * '' Corydoras multimaculatus'' (Many-spotted cory) * '' Corydoras multiradiatus'' (Hognosed brochis) * '' Corydoras nanus'' (Little corydoras) * '' Corydoras napoensis'' (Rio Napo cory) * '' Corydoras narcissus'' (Narcissus corydoras) * '' Corydoras nattereri'' (Blue corydoras) * '' Corydoras negro'' (Rio Negro cory) * '' Corydoras nijsseni'' (Nijssen's corydoras) * '' Corydoras noelkempffi'' (Meander cory) * '' Corydoras oiapoquensis'' (Flag-tailed panda cory) * '' Corydoras ornatus'' (Ornate cory) * ''

Corydoras orphnopterus ''Corydoras'' is a genus of freshwater catfish in the family Callichthyidae and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of endemism than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost ...

'' (Rabbit cory) * ''

Corydoras ortegai ''Corydoras'' is a genus of freshwater catfish in the family Callichthyidae and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of endemism than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost ...

'' (Loreto panda cory) * ''

Corydoras osteocarus ''Corydoras osteocarus'' is a tropical freshwater fish belonging to the Corydoradinae sub-family of the family Callichthyidae. It originates in South America, and is found in the Orinoco River basin in Venezuela and coastal rivers in Suriname. In ...

'' (Bonehead cory) * '' Corydoras ourastigma'' (Long-nosed smudgespot cory) * '' Corydoras oxyrhynchus'' (Sharp-nosed cory) * ''

Corydoras paleatus ''Corydoras paleatus'' is a species of catfish (order Siluriformes) of the family Callichthyidae. Its common names include blue leopard corydoras, mottled corydoras, and peppered catfish. It originates from the lower Paraná River basin and coa ...

'' (Peppered corydoras) * '' Corydoras panda'' (Panda corydoras) * '' Corydoras pantanalensis'' (Pantanal cory) * '' Corydoras paragua'' (Paragua cory) * ''

Corydoras parallelus ''Corydoras parallelus'' is a tropical freshwater fish belonging to the Corydoradinae sub-family of the family Callichthyidae. It originates in inland waters in South America. ''Corydoras parallelus'' is restricted to the Upper Rio Negro basin i ...

'' (Two-line cory) * '' Corydoras pastazensis'' (Pastaza corydoras) * '' Corydoras paucerna'' (Cuddly cory) * '' Corydoras pavanelliae'' * '' Corydoras petracinii'' (Petracini's cory) * '' Corydoras pinheiroi'' (Mario's cory) * '' Corydoras polystictus'' (Fine-spotted cory) * '' Corydoras potaroensis'' (Potaro cory) * '' Corydoras pulcher'' (Pretty corydoras) * '' Corydoras punctatus'' (Spot-fin corydoras) * '' Corydoras pygmaeus'' (Pygmy corydoras) * '' Corydoras rabauti'' (Rusty corydoras) * ''

Corydoras reticulatus ''Corydoras reticulatus'', also called the reticulated corydoras, mosaic corydoras, network catfish, or network corydoras, is a tropical freshwater fish belonging to the Corydoradinae sub-family of the family Callichthyidae. It originates in inl ...

'' (Reticulated corydoras) * '' Corydoras reynoldsi'' (Bumblebee cory) * '' Corydoras robineae'' (Banner-tail corydoras) * '' Corydoras robustus'' (Robust cory) * '' Corydoras sanchesi'' (Gojo cory) * '' Corydoras saramaccensis'' (Saramaccensis cory) * '' Corydoras sarareensis'' (Sarare cory) * '' Corydoras schwartzi'' (Schwartz's catfish) * '' Corydoras semiaquilus'' (Peru black cory) * '' Corydoras septentrionalis'' (Northern kongnose cory) * ''

Corydoras serratus ''Corydoras'' is a genus of freshwater catfish in the family Callichthyidae and subfamily Corydoradinae. The species usually have more restricted areas of endemism than other callichthyids, but the area of distribution of the entire genus almost ...

'' (Sawtooth cory) * '' Corydoras seussi'' (Seuss's cory) * '' Corydoras similis'' (Smudgespot cory) * ''

Corydoras simulatus ''Corydoras simulatus'' is a tropical freshwater fish belonging to the Corydoradinae sub-family of the family Callichthyidae. It originates in inland waters in South America, and is found in the Upper Meta River basin in Colombia. The fish prefe ...

'' (Olga cory) * '' Corydoras sipaliwini'' (Nail cory) * '' Corydoras sodalis'' (False network catfish) * '' Corydoras solox'' (Club cory) * '' Corydoras spectabilis'' (Millennium cory) * '' Corydoras spilurus'' (Pink-throat corydoras) * '' Corydoras splendens'' (Emerald corydoras) * '' Corydoras steindachneri'' (Paraná corydoras) * '' Corydoras stenocephalus'' (Huangana cory) * ''

Corydoras sterbai Sterba's corydoras (''Corydoras sterbai'') is a member of the South American ''Corydoras'' genus of freshwater aquarium catfish and one of the most popular species of ''Corydoras'' due to its attractive markings. The fish is native to the Guapor ...

'' (Sterba's corydoras) * '' Corydoras surinamensis'' (Suriname cory) * '' Corydoras sychri'' (Sychr's catfish) * '' Corydoras treitlii'' (Long-snout corydoras) * '' Corydoras trilineatus'' (Three-stripe corydoras) * '' Corydoras tukano'' (Tukano cory) * '' Corydoras undulatus'' (Wavy catfish) * '' Corydoras urucu'' (Urucu cory) * '' Corydoras virginiae'' (Miguelito corydoras) * '' Corydoras vittatus'' (Stripy cory) * '' Corydoras weitzmani'' (Two-saddle corydoras) * '' Corydoras xinguensis'' (Xingu corydoras) * '' Corydoras zawadzkii'' * '' Corydoras zygatus'' (Black-band catfish) * †'' Corydoras revelatus'' —

Fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserve ...

species from the Late

Paleocene The Paleocene ( ), or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 mya (unit), million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), ...

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