''Colus'' (lat. ''colus'',

distaff A distaff (, , also called a rock"Rock." ''The Oxford English Dictionary''. 2nd ed. 1989.) is a tool used in spinning. It is designed to hold the unspun fibers, keeping them untangled and thus easing the spinning process. It is most commonly use ...

) is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...

s, marine

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

s in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Colidae The Colidae are a taxonomic family of large sea snails, belonging to the superfamily Buccinoidea.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Colidae Gray, 1857. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/ap ...

, the true whelks and the like.

Evolution

''Colus'' is related to the

New Zealand New Zealand () is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and List of islands of New Zealand, over 600 smaller islands. It is the List of isla ...

genus ''Austrofusus''.

Taxonomy

The name ''Colus'' is not available from Humphrey, 1797 (published in a work placed on the Official Index). Most recent authors use the name ''Colus'' for the genus instead of ''Sipho'' . Iredale (1919b) mentioned: "This name cannot be defended by anyone" and was rejected by the

ICZN The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is a widely accepted convention in zoology that rules the formal scientific naming of organisms treated as animals. It is also informally known as the ICZN Code, for its formal author, t ...

(Op. 21). Also ''Tritonofusus'' cannot be used because of the rules of priority.

Species

Species within the genus ''Colus'' include: * '' Colus aurariae'' Fraussen, Rosado, Afonso & Monteiro, 2009 * '' Colus azygosorius'' Tiba, 1980 * '' Colus barbarinus'' Dall, 1919 * '' Colus bukini'' Kantor, 1984 * '' Colus gracilis'' (

da Costa Costa (, ,, sometimes Costas, da Costa, Da Costa, or Dalla Costa, is an Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese, mostly toponymic surname. The surname spread throughout the world through colonization. It was also a surname chosen by former Jews due to R ...

, 1778) * '' Colus griseus'' (Dall, 1889) * '' Colus halimeris'' (Dall, 1919) * '' Colus holboelli'' (

Møller Møller () is a Danish surname, referring to an occupation as a Miller, equivalent of the Scottish/English ''Miller (name), Miller'', the German ''Müller'' etc. Møller is the twentieth commonest surname in Denmark.Colus islandicus'' ( Mohr, 1786) * '' Colus jeffreysianus'' ( Fischer P., 1868) * '' Colus kujianus'' Tiba, 1973 * '' Colus minor'' (Dall, 1925): synonym of '' Plicifusus minor'' (Dall, 1925) * '' Colus pubescens'' ( A. E. Verrill, 1882) * '' Colus pulcius'' (Dall, 1919) * '' Colus pygmaeus'' (

Gould Gould may refer to: People * Gould (name), a surname Places United States * Gould, Arkansas, a city * Gould, Colorado, an unincorporated community * Gould, Ohio, an unincorporated community * Gould, Oklahoma, a town * Gould, West Virginia, an ...

, 1841) * ''

Colus rushii ''Colus rushii'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other ...

'' (Dall, 1889) * '' Colus sabini'' ( Gray J.E., 1824) * †'' Colus sekiuensis'' Kiel & Goedert, 2007 * '' Colus stimpsoni'' (Mørch, 1868) * '' Colus syrtensis'' (

Packard Packard (formerly the Packard Motor Car Company) was an American luxury automobile company located in Detroit, Michigan. The first Packard automobiles were produced in 1899, and the last Packards were built in South Bend, Indiana, in 1958. One ...

, 1867) * '' Colus terraenovae'' Bouchet & Warén, 1985 * '' Colus turgidulus'' (

Friele Friele (''Kaffehuset Friele'') is a Norwegian coffee manufacturer and brand based in Midtun, a commercial and residential district of the borough of Fana in Bergen, Norway. Friele is the largest producer of coffee in Norway. It is part of JDE ...

, 1877) * '' Colus virgulus'' Paulmier, 2020 ;Taxon inquirendum: * '' Colus (Aulacofusus) halidonus'' (Dall, 1919) ; Species represented in the fossil record: * †''Colus altus'' * †''Colus gracilis'' * †''Colus hollboelli'' * †''Colus islandicus'' * †''Colus pygmaeus'' * †''Colus stimpsoni''

Synonyms

* ''Colus acosmius'' (Dall, 1891): synonym of '' Anomalisipho acosmius'' (Dall, 1891) * ''Colus adonis'' Dall, 1919: synonym of ''

Kanamarua adonis ''Kanamarua adonis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Colubrariidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Kanamarua adonis (Dall, 1919). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.mari ...

'' (Dall, 1919) (original combination) * † ''Colus altus'' (S. Wood, 1848): synonym of † '' Murex pullus'' S. Woodward, 1833 * ''Colus aphelus'' (Dall, 1890): synonym of '' Latisipho aphelus'' (Dall, 1890) * ''Colus aurantius'' (Dall, 1907): synonym of '' Plicifusus rhyssus'' (Dall, 1907) * ''Colus boardmani'' Iredale, 1930: synonym of ''

Fusinus colus ''Fusinus colus'', common name the Distaff spindle or Long-tailed Spindle, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies. Distribution This species is ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Colus brevicauda'' (Deshayes, 1832): synonym of '' Aulacofusus brevicauda'' (Deshayes, 1832) * ''Colus bristolensis'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Colus barbarinus'' Dall, 1919 * ''Colus brunneus'' (Dall, 1877): synonym of '' Retifusus jessoensis'' (Schrenck, 1863) * ''Colus caelatus'' (A. E. Verrill, 1880): synonym of Retimohnia caelata (A. E. Verrill, 1880) * ''Colus calamaeus'' (Dall, 1907): synonym of '' Aulacofusus calamaeus'' (Dall, 1907) * ''Colus calathus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Aulacofusus calathus'' (Dall, 1919) (original combination) * ''Colus callorhinus'' (Dall, 1877): synonym of '' Plicifusus rodgersi'' (Gould, 1860) * ''Colus capponius'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Colus pulcius'' (Dall, 1919) * ''Colus clementinus'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Retimohnia clarki'' (Dall, 1907) * ''Colus consetti'' Iredale, 1929: synonym of '' Fusinus consetti'' (Iredale, 1929) * ''Colus cretaceus'' (Reeve, 1847): synonym of '' Plicifusus kroyeri'' (Møller, 1842) * ''Colus dautzenbergi'' Dall, 1916: synonym of ''

Anomalisipho verkruezeni ''Anomalisipho verkruezeni'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Buccinidae The Buccinidae are a very large and diverse taxonomic family of large sea snails, often known as whelks or true whelks.Bouchet, P.; ...

'' (Kobelt, 1876) * ''Colus errones'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Latisipho errones'' (Dall, 1919) * ''Colus esychus'' (Dall, 1907): synonym of '' Aulacofusus esychus'' (Dall, 1907) * ''Colus forceps'' (Perry, 1811): synonym of '' Fusinus forceps'' (Perry, 1811) * ''Colus frielei'' (Kantor, 1981)>: synonym of ''Anomalosipho frielei'' Kantor, 1981: synonym of ''

'' (Kobelt, 1876) * ''Colus fusiformis'' (Broderip, 1830): synonym of '' Turrisipho fenestratus'' (W. Turton, 1834) * ''Colus genticus'' Iredale, 1936: synonym of '' Cyrtulus genticus'' (Iredale, 1936) (original combination) * ''Colus georgianus'' (Dall, 1921): synonym of '' Latisipho georgianus'' (Dall, 1921) * ''Colus glaber'' (Verkrüzen, 1876): synonym of '' Colus gracilis'' (da Costa, 1778) * ''Colus glyptus'' (A. E. Verrill, 1882): synonym of '' Retimohnia glypta'' (A. E. Verrill, 1882) * ''Colus halibrectus'' (Dall, 1891): synonym of '' Latisipho halibrectus'' (Dall, 1891) * ''Colus hallii'' (Dall, 1873): synonym of '' Latisipho hallii'' (Dall, 1873) * ''Colus hankinsi'' A. H. Clarke, 1960: synonym of '' Mohnia danielsseni'' (Friele, 1879) * ''Colus hayashii'' Shikama, 1971: synonym of '' Calagrassor hayashii'' (Shikama, 1971) (original combination) * ''Colus herendeenii'' (Dall, 1902): synonym of '' Aulacofusus herendeeni'' (Dall, 1902) * ''Colus holbolli'' (Møller, 1842): synonym of '' Colus holboelli'' (Møller, 1842) * ''Colus howsei'' (J. T. Marshall, 1902): synonym of '' Colus jeffreysianus'' (P. Fischer, 1868) * ''Colus hunkinsi'' A. H. Clarke, 1960: synonym of '' Mohnia danielsseni'' (Friele, 1879) * ''Colus hypolispus'' (Dall, 1891): synonym of '' Latisipho hypolispus'' (Dall, 1891) * ''Colus incisus'' (Dall, 1919): synonym of '' Plicifusus olivaceus'' (Aurivillius, 1885) * ''Colus jessoensis'' (Schrenck, 1863): synonym of '' Retifusus jessoensis'' (Schrenck, 1863) * ''Colus jordani'' (Dall, 1913): synonym of '' Latisipho jordani'' (Dall, 1913) * † ''Colus kaunhoweni'' Finlay, 1927: synonym of † '' Columbarium heberti'' (Briart & Cornet, 1877) * ''Colus krampi'' (Thorson, 1951): synonym of '' Mohnia krampi'' (Thorson, 1951) * ''Colus kroeyeir'' (Møller, 1842): synonym of '' Plicifusus kroyeri'' (Møller, 1842) * ''Colus kroyeri'' (Møller, 1842): synonym of '' Plicifusus kroyeri'' (Møller, 1842) * ''Colus lachesis'' (Mörch, 1869): synonym of '' Turrisipho lachesis'' (Mörch, 1869) * ''Colus latericeus'' (Møller, 1842): synonym of '' Retifusus latericeus'' (Møller, 1842) * ''Colus longicauda'' (Lamarck, 1801): synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Colus martensi'' (A. Krause, 1885): synonym of '' Anomalisipho martensi'' (A. Krause, 1885) * ''Colus minor'' (Dall, 1925): synonym of '' Plicifusus minor'' (Dall, 1925) * ''Colus mitrellaformis'' Nomura, 1940: synonym of '' Daphnella mitrellaformis'' (Nomura, 1940) (original combination) * ''Colus nobilis'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Aulacofusus herendeeni'' (Dall, 1902) * ''Colus obesus'' (A. E. Verrill, 1884): synonym of '' Retimohnia caelata'' (A. E. Verrill, 1880) * ''Colus oceanodromae'' (Dall, 1919): synonym of '' Plicifusus oceanodromae'' Dall, 1919 * ''Colus okhotskanus'' Tiba, 1973: synonym of '' Plicifusus elaeodes'' (Dall, 1907) * ''Colus ombronius'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Aulacofusus ombronius'' (Dall, 1919) (original combination) * ''Colus parvus'' (Tiba, 1980): synonym of '' Retifusus parvus'' (Tiba, 1980) * ''Colus periscelidus'' (Dall, 1891): synonym of '' Aulacofusus periscelidus'' (Dall, 1891) * ''Colus roseus'' (Dall, 1877): synonym of '' Retifusus roseus'' (Dall, 1877) * ''Colus ryukyuensis'' Lan, 2002: synonym of '' Calagrassor poppei'' (Fraussen, 2001) * ''Colus sapius'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Fusipagoda sapia'' (Dall, 1919) (original combination) * ''Colus severinus'' (Dall, 1919): synonym of '' Latisipho severinus'' (Dall, 1919) * ''Colus sinovellus'' Iredale, 1929: synonym of '' Fusinus sinovellus'' (Iredale, 1929) (original combination) * ''Colus spitzbergensis'' (Reeve, 1855): synonym of '' Aulacofusus brevicauda'' (Deshayes, 1832) * ''Colus stejnegeri'' (Dall, 1884): synonym of ''Turrivolutopsius stejnegeri'' (Dall, 1884): synonym of '' Volutopsius stejnegeri'' (Dall, 1884) * ''Colus tahwitanus'' Dall, 1918: synonym of '' Latisipho tahwitanus'' (Dall, 1918) (original combination) * ''Colus tashiensis'' Y.-C. Lee & T. C. Lan, 2002: synonym of '' Calagrassor tashiensis'' (Y.-C. Lee & T. C. Lan, 2002) (original combination) * ''Colus timetus'' (Dall, 1919): synonym of '' Latisipho timetus'' (Dall, 1919) * ''Colus togatus'' (Mörch, 1869): synonym of '' Colus sabini'' (J. E. Gray, 1824) * ''Colus tortuosus'' (Reeve, 1855): synonym of '' Colus holboelli'' (Møller, 1842) * ''Colus trombinus'' (Dall, 1919): synonym of '' Limatofusus trombinus'' (Dall, 1919) * ''Colus trophius'' ''(Dall, 1919)'': synonym of '' Aulacofusus trophius'' Dall, 1919 * ''Colus ventricosus'' (Gray, 1839): synonym of '' Colus terraenovae'' Bouchet & Warén, 1985 * ''Colus verkruezeni'' (Kobelt, 1876): synonym of ''

'' (Kobelt, 1876) * ''Colus virens'' (Dall, 1877): synonym of '' Retifusus virens'' (Dall, 1877)

References

* Bouchet P. & Warén A. (1985). ''Revision of the Northeast Atlantic bathyal and abyssal Neogastropoda excluding Turridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda)''. Bollettino Malacologico Suppl. 1: 121-296

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q3703964 Buccinidae Gastropod genera