''Clibanarius'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

hermit crab Hermit crabs are anomuran decapod crustaceans of the superfamily Paguroidea that have adapted to occupy empty scavenged mollusc shells to protect their fragile exoskeletons. There are over 800 species of hermit crab, most of which possess an a ...

s in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Diogenidae The Diogenidae are a family of hermit crabs, sometimes known as "left-handed hermit crabs" because in contrast to most other hermit crabs, its left chela (claw) is enlarged instead of the right. It comprises 429 extant species, and a further 46 e ...

. Like other hermit crabs, their

abdomen The abdomen (colloquially called the belly, tummy, midriff, tucky or stomach) is the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis, in humans and in other vertebrates. The abdomen is the front part of the abdominal segment of the tors ...

is soft-shelled and sheltered in a

gastropod shell The gastropod shell is part of the body of a Gastropoda, gastropod or snail, a kind of mollusc. The shell is an exoskeleton, which protects from predators, mechanical damage, and dehydration, but also serves for muscle attachment and calcium s ...

. Typically

marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the only known hermit crab

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...

that spends all its life in

freshwater Fresh water or freshwater is any naturally occurring liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. Although the term specifically excludes seawater and brackish water, it does in ...

. The feeding rates of ''Clibanarius spp.'' change with temperature which, given their broad distributions, may have considerable consequences for the stability reef systems as sea temperatures rise in the future. They are

omnivore An omnivore () is an animal that has the ability to eat and survive on both plant and animal matter. Obtaining energy and nutrients from plant and animal matter, omnivores digest carbohydrates, protein, fat, and fiber, and metabolize the nut ...

s, but mostly prey on small animals and

scavenge Scavengers are animals that consume dead organisms that have died from causes other than predation or have been killed by other predators. While scavenging generally refers to carnivores feeding on carrion, it is also a herbivorous feeding b ...

carrion Carrion () is the decaying flesh of dead animals, including human flesh. Overview Carrion is an important food source for large carnivores and omnivores in most ecosystems. Examples of carrion-eaters (or scavengers) include crows, vultures ...

Species

As of 2009, about sixty

are recognized in ''Clibanarius''; new species are discovered and described occasionally. Others have been placed here at one time or another but are now assigned to other genera of

, namely '' Bathynarius,

Calcinus ''Calcinus'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae, containing the following species: *'' Calcinus albengai'' Poupin & Lemaitre, 2003 *''Calcinus anani'' Poupin & McLaughlin, 1998 *'' Calcinus argus'' Wooster, 1984 *'' Calcinus cal ...

Paguristes ''Paguristes'' is a genus of hermit crab in the family Diogenidae The Diogenidae are a family of hermit crabs, sometimes known as "left-handed hermit crabs" because in contrast to most other hermit crabs, its left chela (claw) is enlarged inst ...

, Strigopagurus'' and '' Trizopagurus''. The ''Clibanarius'' species are: *''

Clibanarius aequabilis ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...

'' (Dana, 1851) *''

Clibanarius africanus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...

'' Aurivillus, 1898 *''

Clibanarius albidigitus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...

'' Nobili, 1901 *''

Clibanarius ambonensis ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...

'' Rahayu & Forest, 1993 *''

Clibanarius antennatus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...

'' Rahayu & Forest, 1993 *''

Clibanarius antillensis ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...

'' Stimpson, 1859 *''

Clibanarius arethusa ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...

'' De Man, 1888 *''

Clibanarius astathes ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...

'' (Stebbing, 1924) *''

Clibanarius bimaculatus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...

'' De Haan, 1849 *''

Clibanarius bistriatus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', the ...

'' Rahayu & Forest, 1993 *''

Clibanarius boschmai ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', th ...

'' Buitendijk, 1937 *''

Clibanarius carnifex ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Heller, 1861 *''

Clibanarius chapini ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Schmitt, 1926 *''

Clibanarius clibanarius ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' (Herbst, 1791) *''

Clibanarius cooki ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Rathbun, 1900 *''

Clibanarius corallinus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' (H. Milne-Edwards, 1848) *''

Clibanarius cruentatus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' (H. Milne-Edwards, 1848) *''

Clibanarius danai ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Rahayu & Forest, 1993 *'' Clibanarius demani'' Buitendijk, 1937 *''

Clibanarius digueti ''Clibanarius digueti'' is a species of hermit crab that lives off the western coast of Mexico, and is abundant in the Gulf of California. It is known under various common names such as the Mexican hermit crab, the blue-eyed spotted hermit o ...

'' Bouvier, 1898 *''

Clibanarius englaucus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', th ...

'' Ball & Haig, 1972 *''

Clibanarius erythropus ''Clibanarius erythropus'' is a species of hermit crab that lives in rockpools and sublittoral waters. It is found in the Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea and eastern Atlantic Ocean from the Azores to Brittany, the Channel Islands and as far north ...

'' (Latreille, 1818) *''

Clibanarius eurysternus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' ( Hilgendorf, 1879) *''

Clibanarius fonticola ''Clibanarius fonticola'' is the only species of hermit crab in the world that lives in fresh water. It is found on the island of Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu. While a number of other hermit crabs are terrestrial or live in estuarine habitats, ''C. f ...

'' McLaughlin & Murray, 1990 *''

Clibanarius foresti ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Holthuis, 1959 *''

Clibanarius harisi ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Rahayu, 2003 *''

Clibanarius hirsutimanus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', th ...

'' Kobjakova, 1971 *''

Clibanarius humilis ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' (Dana, 1851) *''

Clibanarius inaequalis ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family (biology), family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically Marine (ocean), marine like all their relatives, the genu ...

'' (De Haan, 1849) *''

Clibanarius infraspinatus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' ( Hilgendorf, 1869) *''

Clibanarius janethaigae ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Hendrickx & Esparza-Haro, 1997 *''

Clibanarius laevimanus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Buitendijk, 1937 *''

Clibanarius lineatus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' (H. Milne-Edwards, 1848) *''

Clibanarius longitarsus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' (De Haan, 1849) *''

Clibanarius merguiensis ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' De Man, 1888 *''

Clibanarius multipunctatus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Wang & Tung, 1986 *''

Clibanarius nathi ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', th ...

'' Chopra & Das, 1940 *''

Clibanarius olivaceus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', th ...

'' Henderson, 1915 *''

Clibanarius pacificus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Stimpson, 1858 *''

Clibanarius padavensis ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', th ...

'' De Man, 1888 *''

Clibanarius ransoni ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', th ...

'' Forest, 1953 *''

Clibanarius rhabdodactylus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Forest, 1953 *''

Clibanarius rosewateri ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Manning & Chace, 1990 *''

Clibanarius rubroviria ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Rahayu, 1999 *''

Clibanarius rutilus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Rahayu, 1999 *''

Clibanarius sachalinicus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Kobjakova, 1955 *''

Clibanarius sclopetarius ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' (Herbst, 1796) *''

Clibanarius senegalensis ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Chevreux & Bouvier, 1892 *''

Clibanarius serenei ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Rahayu & Forest, 1993 *''

Clibanarius signatus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family (biology), family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically Marine (ocean), marine like all their relatives, the genu ...

'' Heller, 1861 *''

Clibanarius similis ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family (biology), family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically Marine (ocean), marine like all their relatives, the genu ...

'' Rahayu & Forest, 1993 *''

Clibanarius snelliusi ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', th ...

'' Buitendijk, 1937 *''

Clibanarius striolatus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' Dana, 1852 *''

Clibanarius taeniatus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' (H. Milne-Edwards, 1848) *''

Clibanarius tricolor ''Clibanarius tricolor'' is a hermit crab that lives in shallow water of the Caribbean Sea and is popular in the home aquarium trade. Its common names include blue-legged hermit crab, tricolor hermit crab, blueleg reef hermit crab, equal hande ...

'' (Gibbes, 1850) *''

Clibanarius virescens ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', th ...

'' (Krauss, 1843) *'' Clibanarius vittatus'' (Bosc, 1802) *''

Clibanarius willeyi ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', th ...

'' Southwell, 1910 *''

Clibanarius zebra ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'', th ...

'' Dana, 1852 ''

Clibanarius elongatus ''Clibanarius'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is soft-shelled and sheltered in a gastropod shell. Typically marine like all their relatives, the genus includes '' C. fonticola'' ...

'' (H. Milne Edwards, 1848) is a ''

nomen dubium In binomial nomenclature, a ''nomen dubium'' (Latin for "doubtful name", plural ''nomina dubia'') is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application. Zoology In case of a ''nomen dubium'' it may be impossible to determine whether a s ...

''.

References

Diogenidae Taxa named by James Dwight Dana Decapod genera {{decapod-stub