Citrus Exocortis
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Citrus exocortis is a disease of
citrus ''Citrus'' is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the family Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, mandarins, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. ''Citrus'' is nativ ...
plants, caused by the Citrus exocortis
viroid Viroids are small single-stranded, circular RNAs that are infectious pathogens. Unlike viruses, they have no protein coating. All known viroids are inhabitants of angiosperms (flowering plants), and most cause diseases, whose respective eco ...
(CEVd, ''Pospiviroid exocortiscitri''). It can cause stunted growth and reduced yields in affected plants. The disease is also sometimes called "scalybutt". CEVd can also infect tomato plants. The resulting disease is sometimes called "tomato bunchy top disease".


Symptoms

Other symptoms include leaf epinasty, stunting, and necrosis of the leaf midvein. Affected trees will show
rootstock A rootstock is part of a plant, often an underground part, from which new above-ground growth can be produced. It could also be described as a stem with a well developed root system, to which a bud from another plant is grafted. It can refer to ...
"shelling" where the bark peels off of the rootstock the lower tree that the main orange
cultivar A cultivar is a kind of Horticulture, cultivated plant that people have selected for desired phenotypic trait, traits and which retains those traits when Plant propagation, propagated. Methods used to propagate cultivars include division, root a ...
was grafted onto. Generally trifoliate orange rootstocks and their hybrids are susceptible.


Management

Infected trees should be culled from the orchard. When pruning in infected orchards, tools must be vigorously bleached between cuts to prevent cross-contamination and the spread of infections. Heat does not kill the viroid.


See also

* List of citrus diseases


References

Viral citrus diseases Viroids {{agri-stub