''Chthonos'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of South American ray spiders that was created by Jonathan A. Coddington in 1986 because the previous name was preoccupied. Originally placed with the

Orb-weaver_spider Orb-weaver spiders are members of the spider family Araneidae. They are the most common group of builders of spiral wheel-shaped webs often found in gardens, fields, and forests. The English word "orb" can mean "circular", hence the English name ...

s under the name ''Tecmessa'', it was transferred to the ray spiders in 1986.

Species

it contains five species, found in

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

, and

Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechuan languages, Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar language, Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechuan ...

: *''

Chthonos kuyllur ''Chthonos'' is a genus of South American ray spiders that was created by Jonathan A. Coddington in 1986 because the previous name was preoccupied. Originally placed with the Orb-weaver_spiders under the name ''Tecmessa'', it was transferred to t ...

'' Dupérré & Tapia, 2017 –

*''

Chthonos pectorosa ''Chthonos'' is a genus of South American ray spiders that was created by Jonathan A. Coddington in 1986 because the previous name was preoccupied. Originally placed with the Orb-weaver_spiders under the name ''Tecmessa'', it was transferred to t ...

'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882) (

type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * Ty ...

) –

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Chthonos peruana ''Chthonos'' is a genus of South American ray spiders that was created by Jonathan A. Coddington in 1986 because the previous name was preoccupied. Originally placed with the Orb-weaver_spiders under the name ''Tecmessa'', it was transferred to t ...

'' (

Keyserling Keyserling is the surname of several members of the noble House of Keyserlingk: * Alexander Keyserling (1815–1891), Russian geologist, paleontologist, botanist and zoologist * Eugen von Keyserling (1833–1889), German arachnologist * Hermann ...

, 1886) –

*''

Chthonos quinquemucronata ''Chthonos'' is a genus of South American ray spiders that was created by Jonathan A. Coddington in 1986 because the previous name was preoccupied. Originally placed with the Orb-weaver_spiders under the name ''Tecmessa'', it was transferred to t ...

'' ( Simon, 1893) – Brazil *''

Chthonos tuberosa ''Chthonos'' is a genus of South American ray spiders that was created by Jonathan A. Coddington in 1986 because the previous name was preoccupied. Originally placed with the Orb-weaver_spiders under the name ''Tecmessa'', it was transferred to t ...

'' (Keyserling, 1886) – Brazil Formerly included: *''C. tetrabuna'' (Archer, 1965) (Transferred to ''

Ogulnius ''Ogulnius'' is a genus of ray spiders that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1882. Species it contains eighteen species, found in the Caribbean, South America, Asia, and Panama: *''Ogulnius barbandrewsi'' Miller, Griswold & ...

'')

Species

See also

References

Further reading