A chlorophenol is any

organochloride Organochlorine chemistry is concerned with the properties of organochlorine compounds, or organochlorides, organic compounds that contain one or more carbon–chlorine bonds. The chloroalkane class (alkanes with one or more hydrogens substituted ...

phenol Phenol (also known as carbolic acid, phenolic acid, or benzenol) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile and can catch fire. The molecule consists of a phenyl group () ...

that contains one or more

covalently bonded A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms. These electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs. The stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms ...

chlorine Chlorine is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Cl and atomic number 17. The second-lightest of the halogens, it appears between fluorine and bromine in the periodic table and its properties are mostly intermediate between ...

atoms. There are five basic types of chlorophenols (mono- to pentachlorophenol) and 19 different chlorophenols in total when positional isomerism is taken into account. Chlorophenols are produced by

electrophilic halogenation In organic chemistry, an electrophilic aromatic halogenation is a type of electrophilic aromatic substitution. This organic reaction is typical of aromatic compounds and a very useful method for adding substituents to an aromatic system. : A few ...

of phenol with

. Most chlorophenols are solid at room temperature. They have a strong, medicinal taste and smell. Chlorophenols are commonly used as pesticides, herbicides, and disinfectants.

List of chlorophenols

There is a total of 19 chlorophenols, corresponding to the different ways in which chlorine atoms can be attached to the five carbons in the benzene ring of the phenol molecule, excluding the carbon atom to which the hydroxy group is attached. Monochlorophenols have three isomers because there is only one chlorine atom that can occupy one of three ring positions on the phenol molecule; 2-chlorophenol, for example, is the isomer that has a chlorine atom in the '' ortho'' position.

Pentachlorophenol Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is an organochlorine compound used as a pesticide and a disinfectant. First produced in the 1930s, it is marketed under many trade names. It can be found as pure PCP, or as the sodium salt of PCP, the latter of which disso ...

, by contrast, has only one isomer because all five available ring positions on the phenol are fully chlorinated. *

Monochlorophenol The monochlorophenols are chemical compounds consisting of phenol substituted with a Chlorine, chlorine atom. There are three isomers, 2-chlorophenol, 3-chlorophenol, and 4-chlorophenol. See also * Chlorophenol * Dichlorophenol * Monobromophenol ...

(3 positional isomers) ** 2-Chlorophenol ** 3-Chlorophenol **

4-Chlorophenol 4-Chlorophenol is an organic compound with the formula C6H4ClOH. It is one of three monochlorophenol isomers. It is a colorless or white solid that melts easily and exhibits significant solubility in water. Its pKa is 9.41. Preparation and rea ...

Dichlorophenol Dichlorophenols (DCPs) are any of several chemical compounds which are derivatives of phenol containing two chlorine atoms. There are six isomers: * 2,3-Dichlorophenol * 2,4-Dichlorophenol * 2,5-Dichlorophenol * 2,6-Dichlorophenol * 3,4-Dich ...

(6 positional isomers) ** 2,3-Dichlorophenol ** 2,4-Dichlorophenol ** 2,5-Dichlorophenol **

2,6-Dichlorophenol 2,6-Dichlorophenol is a compound with formula C6H3Cl2OH. It is one of the six isomers of dichlorophenol. It is a colorless solid. Its pKa is 6.78, which is about 100x more acidic than 2-chlorophenol (8.52) and 1000x more acidic than phenol itse ...

** 3,4-Dichlorophenol **

3,5-Dichlorophenol 3,5-Dichlorophenol (3,5-DCP) is a chlorinated derivative of phenol Phenol (also known as carbolic acid, phenolic acid, or benzenol) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a white crystalline solid that is volat ...

Trichlorophenol A trichlorophenol is any organochloride of phenol that contains three covalently bonded chlorine atoms. Trichlorophenols are produced by electrophilic halogenation of phenol with chlorine. Different isomers of trichlorophenol exist according to whic ...

(6 positional isomers) ** 2,3,4-Trichlorophenol ** 2,3,5-Trichlorophenol ** 2,3,6-Trichlorophenol ** 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol ** 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol ** 3,4,5-Trichlorophenol * Tetrachlorophenol (3 positional isomers) ** 2,3,4,5-Tetrachlorophenol ** 2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol ** 2,3,5,6-Tetrachlorophenol *

(1 positional isomer)

References

{{Authority control Chlorobenzene derivatives Phenols