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Chad & Jeremy were a British
musical duo A musical ensemble, also known as a music group, musical group, or a band is a group of people who perform Instrumental music, instrumental and/or vocal music, with the ensemble typically known by a distinct name. Some music ensembles consist ...
consisting of Chad Stuart and Jeremy Clyde, who began working in 1962 and had their first hit song in the UK with " Yesterday's Gone" (1963). That song became a hit in the United States in the following year as part of the
British Invasion The British Invasion was a cultural phenomenon of the mid-1960s, when Rock music, rock and pop music acts from the United Kingdom and other aspects of Culture of the United Kingdom, British culture became popular in the United States with sign ...
. Unlike the rock-music sounds of their peers, Chad & Jeremy performed in a soft,
folk Folk or Folks may refer to: Sociology *Nation *People * Folklore ** Folk art ** Folk dance ** Folk hero ** Folk horror ** Folk music *** Folk metal *** Folk punk *** Folk rock ** Folk religion * Folk taxonomy Arts, entertainment, and media * Fo ...
-inflected style characterized by hushed and whispered vocals. The duo had a string of hits in the United States, including " Willow Weep for Me", " Before and After", and their biggest hit, " A Summer Song". After some commercial failures and divergent personal ambitions, Chad & Jeremy disbanded in 1968. Chad Stuart continued to work in the music industry, while Jeremy Clyde became a film and stage actor. In the early 1980s, the duo reunited to record a new album and perform concerts, including a multi-band British Invasion nostalgia tour. After another long period of separation, in the early 2000s, Chad & Jeremy began performing again and developed a semi-regular tour schedule for many years. Chad Stuart retired in 2016 and died on December 20, 2020, while Jeremy Clyde continues to tour and record as a solo artist.


Early years

Chad Stuart was born David Stuart Chadwick on 10 December 1941 in Windermere, Westmorland, and Jeremy Clyde was born Michael Thomas Jeremy Clyde on 22 March 1941 in Dorney,
Buckinghamshire Buckinghamshire (, abbreviated ''Bucks'') is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in South East England and one of the home counties. It is bordered by Northamptonshire to the north, Bedfordshire to the north-east, Hertfordshir ...
. The two met while attending London's
Central School of Speech and Drama The Royal Central School of Speech and Drama, commonly shortened to Central, is a drama school founded by Elsie Fogerty in 1906, as the Central School of Speech Training and Dramatic Art, to offer a new form of training in speech and drama for ...
. Chad taught Jeremy to play the guitar. By 1962, they were performing together as a folk-music duo. They also formed a sideline project, a
rock & roll Rock and roll (often written as rock & roll, rock-n-roll, and rock 'n' roll) is a Genre (music), genre of popular music that evolved in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. It Origins of rock and roll, originated from African ...
band called the Jerks. After graduating from drama school, both musical groups were abandoned when Clyde left for Scotland to work for a short period at Dundee Repertory Theatre. Stuart worked in the music industry as a
copyist A copyist is a person who makes duplications of the same thing. The modern use of the term is mainly confined to music copyists, who are employed by the music industry to produce neat copies from a composer or arranger's manuscript. However, the ...
and apprentice
arranger In music, an arrangement is a musical adaptation of an existing composition. Differences from the original composition may include reharmonization, melodic paraphrasing, orchestration, or formal development. Arranging differs from orchestrat ...
. When Clyde returned, the pair resumed their folk act.


Early career

Chad & Jeremy frequently performed in London at a basement coffeehouse called Tina's, where they were discovered by John Barry. The influential composer quickly got them a contract with a small British record label,
Ember An ember, also called a hot coal, is a hot lump of smouldering solid fuel, typically glowing, composed of greatly heated wood, coal, or other carbon-based material. Embers (hot coals) can exist within, remain after, or sometimes precede, a ...
. Their first single was " Yesterday's Gone", a Stuart composition that became their only hit record in the UK, reaching No. 37 in December 1963. As the duo recorded this song, they developed their trademark singing style: "whispering". " ohn Barrytold us ... we sounded like a locker room full of football players ... in the end in desperation he said: 'Whisper it', so we kind of backed off a bit and so that sort of slightly '' sotto voce'' sound came about". They developed a style in which Jeremy usually sang the melody while Chad sang the higher harmonies.


British Invasion years

In 1964, Chad & Jeremy arrived in the United States as part of the
British Invasion The British Invasion was a cultural phenomenon of the mid-1960s, when Rock music, rock and pop music acts from the United Kingdom and other aspects of Culture of the United Kingdom, British culture became popular in the United States with sign ...
. According to Stuart, "We snuck in under the radar" because even though their folk songs and strings-backed ballads bore little resemblance to the rock music of most of their colleagues, they gained widespread acceptance in the US. "Yesterday's Gone" was released in the US by another small record label, World Artists Records, and rose to No. 21 in the ''Billboard'' Hot 100. Their second US single, " A Summer Song" (produced by
Shel Talmy Sheldon Talmy (August 11, 1937 – November 13, 2024) was an American record producer, songwriter, and arranger, best known for his work in England in the 1960s with the Who, the Kinks, and many other artists. Talmy arranged and produced hits ...
), was a surprise hit that Chad & Jeremy had intended as an album track. World Artists, however, released it as a single and it rose to No. 7 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 on 17 October 1964. They became World Artists' most bankable act; Stuart said: "After that, the record company goes, 'Gee whiz, we've got a goldmine here, so let's start churning out those ballads, boys!'" The next single was a cover version of an Ann Ronell
standard Standard may refer to: Symbols * Colours, standards and guidons, kinds of military signs * Standard (emblem), a type of a large symbol or emblem used for identification Norms, conventions or requirements * Standard (metrology), an object ...
" Willow Weep for Me" (produced by
Shel Talmy Sheldon Talmy (August 11, 1937 – November 13, 2024) was an American record producer, songwriter, and arranger, best known for his work in England in the 1960s with the Who, the Kinks, and many other artists. Talmy arranged and produced hits ...
), which reached No. 15 on the US Hot 100 and No. 1 on the
Easy Listening chart The Adult Contemporary chart is published weekly by ''Billboard (magazine), Billboard'' magazine and lists the most popular songs on adult contemporary music, adult contemporary radio stations in the United States. The chart is compiled based on ...
. All three hits were included on their 1964 debut album, '' Yesterday's Gone'', which spent 39 weeks on the ''Billboard '' 200 and eventually peaked at No. 22.


1965

In January 1965, Chad & Jeremy were in talks with a major label,
Columbia Records Columbia Records is an American reco ...
. On 27 March, they signed a contract giving Columbia control over all Chad & Jeremy recordings retroactively to 1 January 1965. Before the end of 1964, however, the duo had made a new batch of recordings, giving the minor labels a backlog of material to release throughout the following months. The first World Artists single of 1965, the
Rodgers and Hammerstein Rodgers and Hammerstein was a theater-writing team of composer Richard Rodgers (1902–1979) and lyricist-dramatist Oscar Hammerstein II (1895–1960), who together created a series of innovative and influential American musicals. Their musical ...
theatre song from
Carousel A carousel or carrousel (mainly North American English), merry-go-round (International English), or galloper (British English) is a type of amusement ride consisting of a rotating circular platform with seats for riders. The seats are tradit ...
named " If I Loved You", hit US No. 23 in April. Their follow-up singles were less successful: a Stuart and Clyde original, "What Do You Want With Me", peaked at US No. 51 in May, and a cover of Lennon and McCartney's " From a Window" peaked at No. 97 in the US in July. The latter two songs were included on the duo's second World Artists album '' Chad & Jeremy Sing For You'' (1965). Columbia quickly released a new album, '' Before and After'', in June. The title track single " Before and After" peaked at US No. 17 almost immediately. That was followed just a few months later by '' I Don't Want to Lose You Baby''. The title track was composed by
Van McCoy Van Allen Clinton McCoy (January 6, 1940 – July 6, 1979) was an American record producer, arranger, songwriter and singer. He is known for his 1975 internationally successful hit " The Hustle". He has approximately 700 song copyrights to his c ...
and preceded the album as a summer single, which peaked at US No. 35 in August. The next single, " I Have Dreamed", peaked at US No. 91 in November and at No. 22 on the Easy Listening chart. Chad & Jeremy garnered some attention in
Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...
when the
B-side The A-side and B-side are the two sides of phonograph record, vinyl records and Compact cassette, cassettes, and the terms have often been printed on the labels of two-sided music recordings. The A-side of a Single (music), single usually ...
of "I Have Dreamed", " Should I" (written by the pair) was covered by the Hep Stars in a version which reached the top-5 in Sweden in early 1966. The duo went on a year-long hiatus in mid-1965 when Clyde accepted an acting role in a London stage production of '' The Passion Flower Hotel''. Clyde expressed his reasoning, and his regret, to an interviewer in 2014: Stuart said, "I was the partner of an actor who was constantly threatening to leave the act, and did". After finishing the album in London—most of which was scrapped— he returned to the US and began working on music with his wife Jill. As Chad & Jill, they performed the Chad & Jeremy songs "I Don't Want to Lose You Baby" and " Funny How Love Can Be" on the television show ''
Shindig! ''Shindig!'' is an American musical variety series which aired on ABC from September 16, 1964 to January 8, 1966. The show was hosted by Jimmy O'Neill, a disc jockey in Los Angeles,Hullabaloo''.


1966

Clyde returned from London after about nine months away. In February, Chad & Jeremy played at the 1966 Sanremo Music Festival, singing a version of
Sergio Endrigo Sergio Endrigo (; 15 June 1933 – 7 September 2005) was an Italian singer-songwriter. Born in Pola, Istria in Italy (now Pula, Croatia), he has been often compared—for style and nature—to authors of the so-called "Genoa school" like Gino ...
's composition " Adesso sì", which was released as a single by CBS Italy. Around the same time, Columbia released a new Chad and Jeremy single in the US, the
Dylanesque ''Dylanesque'' is the twelfth studio album by English singer Bryan Ferry, released on 5 March 2007 by Virgin Records. The album consists of cover versions of ten Bob Dylan songs and one traditional song that Dylan himself covered on his first ...
"Teenage Failure", which peaked at No. 131. In April, Columbia released Chad & Jill's "The Cruel War" as a single that is backed with "I Can't Talk to You". The single reached No. 110 on the ''
Billboard A billboard (also called a hoarding in the UK and many other parts of the world) is a large outdoor advertising structure (a billing board), typically found in high-traffic areas such as alongside busy roads. Billboards present large advertis ...
''
Bubbling Under Hot 100 Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles (also known as Bubbling Under the Hot 100) is a chart published weekly by ''Billboard'' magazine in the United States. The chart lists the top songs that have not yet charted on the main ''Billboard'' Hot 100. Chart ...
. Jill, who had never sought the working partnership, was happy to let it go. Her husband later said, "I thought I needed to go out there with someone ... It really wasn't fair to expect her to do that". Chad & Jeremy began to work in earnest again and recorded the album '' Distant Shores'', which was released in August 1966. The title song was composed by their bassist
James William Guercio James William Guercio (born July 18, 1945) is an American music producer, musician, songwriter and director. He is best known for his work as the producer of Chicago's first eleven studio albums. He also produced the early recordings of The Buckin ...
, who later enjoyed fame as a producer for
Chicago Chicago is the List of municipalities in Illinois, most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States. With a population of 2,746,388, as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the List of Unite ...
and Blood Sweat and Tears. "Distant Shores" was their last Top 40 hit; it reached US No. 30 in August while a second single "You Are She" peaked at No. 87 in November. Chad & Jeremy were far more popular in the US than at home. The duo had 11 songs enter the US Hot 100—seven of which peaked in the Top 40—between 1964 and 1966. In February 1966, the British music magazine ''
NME ''New Musical Express'' (''NME'') is a British music, film, gaming and culture website, bimonthly magazine, and brand. Founded as a newspaper in 1952, with the publication being referred to as a "Rock music, rock inkie", the ''NME'' would be ...
'' said the duo had applied for US citizenship and that as American citizens, they would be eligible for military conscription and they had no wish to fight in the
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
. The practicalities of constantly renewing US work permits were problematic.


Television work

During the mid-1960s, Chad & Jeremy made several television guest appearances. They portrayed a fictional singing duo called "The Redcoats" (Freddy and Ernie) on the 10 February 1965 episode of the sitcom '' The Dick Van Dyke Show'' that satirised
Beatlemania Beatlemania was the fanaticism surrounding the English rock band the Beatles from 1963 to 1966. The group's popularity grew in the United Kingdom in late 1963, propelled by the singles " Please Please Me", "From Me to You" and " She Loves Yo ...
. "I Don't Want No Other Baby But You" and "My, How the Time Goes By" were featured in that episode. One week later, they appeared on '' The Patty Duke Show'' as "Nigel & Patrick", an unknown British singing duo in need of promotion and sang the song "The Truth Often Hurts The Heart" (twice), which was inexplicably never issued as a single. In an interview marking the 50th anniversary of the show's debut,
Patty Duke Anna Marie Duke (December 14, 1946 – March 29, 2016), known professionally as Patty Duke, was an American actress. Over the course of her acting career, she was the recipient of an Academy Awards, Academy Award, two Golden Globe Awards, three ...
said of that particular episode; "I was obsessed with them ... that was a big week for me". They were guest stars on an episode of '' Laredo''—"That's Noway, Thataway", first broadcast on 20 January 1966—in which they played destitute English actors travelling through the
Old West The American frontier, also known as the Old West, and popularly known as the Wild West, encompasses the geography, history, folklore, and culture associated with the forward wave of American expansion in mainland North America that bega ...
. The episode was intended as a pilot for a Chad & Jeremy television show that was titled ''Paleface'' but was never produced. The duo appeared as themselves in the December 1966 episodes "The Cat's Meow" and "The Bat's Kow Tow" of the television series ''
Batman Batman is a superhero who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. Batman was created by the artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger, and debuted in Detective Comics 27, the 27th issue of the comic book ''Detective Comics'' on M ...
'', in which the guest villain was
Julie Newmar Julie Newmar (born Julia Chalene Newmeyer; August 16, 1933) is an American actress, dancer, and singer known for a variety of stage, screen, and television roles. She is also a writer, lingerie designer, and real estate Business magnate, mogul. ...
as
Catwoman Catwoman is a character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Created by Bill Finger and Bob Kane, she debuted as "the Cat" in ''Batman (comic book), Batman'' #1 (spring 1940). She has become one of the superhero Batman' ...
. In this two-part storyline, Catwoman's master plan includes "stealing" the voices of Chad & Jeremy. During "The Bat's Kow-Tow", the duo sang "Distant Shores" and "Teenage Failure". Separately, Stuart did a little voice acting, appearing as a vulture in
Walt Disney Walter Elias Disney ( ; December 5, 1901December 15, 1966) was an American animator, film producer, voice actor, and entrepreneur. A pioneer of the Golden age of American animation, American animation industry, he introduced several develop ...
's 1967 film ''
The Jungle Book ''The Jungle Book'' is an 1894 collection of stories by the English author Rudyard Kipling. Most of the characters are animals such as Shere Khan the tiger and Baloo the bear, though a principal character is the boy or "man-cub" Mowgli, who ...
''. The same year, Clyde appeared on his own in a Season 8 episode of ''
My Three Sons ''My Three Sons'' is an American television sitcom that aired from September 29, 1960, to April 13, 1972. The series was filmed in black-and-white and broadcast on ABC during its first five seasons, before moving to CBS for the remaining seve ...
''.


Late 1960s and breakup

In late 1967, Chad & Jeremy released the psychedelic album ''Of Cabbages and Kings'' as "Chad Stuart and Jeremy Clyde", and a 1968 follow-up called ''The Ark''. The albums received critical acclaim but were commercial failures. In 1968, they collaborated for the film soundtrack of '' Three in the Attic'', which stars Christopher Jones and Yvette Mimieux. They recorded several new songs for the film and Stuart composed an instrumental backing score. The complete soundtrack was released in the US on Sidewalk Records in 1969 and features the duo's version of "Paxton's Song (Smoke)", which was sung by Jones in the film. By the end of 1968, however, the working relationship between Stuart and Clyde had dissolved. In later years Stuart said there was regret for the breakup but at the time the pair suffered from "fatigue and burn-out". Cost overruns in the making of ''The Ark'' had soured relations with Columbia and left the two in debt; according to Stuart they were constantly "pushed around by accountants and lawyers". Clyde announced he was returning to the theatre and Columbia management reacted by suspending the duo's contract. Stuart said he and Clyde "very foolishly tore up" their contract and parted. He said, "Our attitudes were, 'Who needs you?' Looking back though, we never should have done that. We should have kept it up. But we were only kids."


1980s reunion

After the split, Clyde returned to England and took up acting as a full-time vocation. He enjoyed great success and made several returns to New York in
Broadway theater Broadway theatre,Although ''theater'' is generally the spelling for this common noun in the United States (see American and British English spelling differences), many of the extant or closed Broadway venues use or used the spelling ''Theatr ...
productions. In 1970, he began a well-received starring role in '' Conduct Unbecoming'' at the Ethel Barrymore Theater. Stuart remained in the US with plans to continue in the music industry in background roles such as arrangement and production. His first job was as music director for the
Smothers Brothers The Smothers Brothers were the American duo of brothers Tom Smothers, Tom and Dick Smothers, who performed folk singer, folk singing, music, and comedy. The brothers' trademark double act was performing folk songs (Tommy on Steel-string guitar, a ...
' television show. He later served as a staff producer for
A&M Records A&M Records is an American record label owned by Universal Music Group and functions as a branch of Interscope Geffen A&M Records, Interscope-Geffen-A&M. Established in 1962 by Herb Alpert and Jerry Moss, the label initially operated independent ...
. The pair met again in 1977 to record a few demos, but the collaboration was brief, and no recordings were released. In 1982, Chad & Jeremy reunited to record the album ''Chad Stuart & Jeremy Clyde'', which was released the following year on the MCA-distributed label Rocshire Records. This album was released in 1983. A
music video A music video is a video that integrates a song or an album with imagery that is produced for promotion (marketing), promotional or musical artistic purposes. Modern music videos are primarily made and used as a music marketing device intended to ...
was filmed for the single "Bite The Bullet". Plans for a second album in 1984 were advancing when the label suddenly went bankrupt due to legal issues surrounding the label's owners. The pair starred in the West End production of '' Pump Boys and Dinettes'' from 1984 to 1985. Returning to the US in 1986 for a British Invasion reunion tour, Chad & Jeremy played 33 cities in six weeks alongside Freddie and the Dreamers,
Gerry and the Pacemakers Gerry and the Pacemakers were an English beat group prominent in the 1960s Merseybeat scene. In common with the Beatles, they came from Liverpool, were managed by Brian Epstein and recorded by George Martin. Their early successes helped make ...
,
the Searchers ''The Searchers'' is a 1956 American epic Western film directed by John Ford and written by Frank S. Nugent, based on the 1954 novel by Alan Le May. It is set during the Texas–Indian wars, and stars John Wayne as a middle-aged Civil War v ...
and
the Mindbenders The Mindbenders were an English beat group from Manchester. Originally the backing group for Wayne Fontana, they were one of several acts that were successful in the mid-1960s British Invasion of the US charts, achieving major chart hits wi ...
. In his review of the show at New York City's
Felt Forum The Theater at Madison Square Garden is a Theater (structure), theater located in New York City's Madison Square Garden (MSG). It seats between 2,000 and 5,600 people and is used for concerts, shows, sports, meetings, and other events. It is situ ...
, music journalist Jeff Tamarkin wrote: "The evening's unquestionable highlight was the set from Chad (Stuart) & Jeremy (Clyde), which featured such soft, folky hits as 'A Summer Song' and 'Yesterday's Gone', and even a few obscurities from their later career. The duo's harmonies were sweet, their young band tight, and their lack of tacky cover songs refreshing." In 1987, Chad & Jeremy performed a two-week residency at Harrah's in Lake Tahoe, Nevada, before parting again.


2000s and later

In 2002, Stuart was in his private studio preparing the release of a recording from the Harrah's engagement when Clyde visited and the two recorded a new version of "Yesterday's Gone" as a bonus track for the album ''In Concert (The Official Bootleg)''. In 2003,
PBS The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcaster and non-commercial, free-to-air television network based in Arlington, Virginia. PBS is a publicly funded nonprofit organization and the most prominent provider of educat ...
reunited Chad & Jeremy in the ''60s Pop-Rock Reunion'' special, which also prompted a concert tour the next year. They rerecorded a number of their 1960s songs and dubbed the resulting album ''Ark-eology''; it was released in 2008, the 40th anniversary of ''The Ark''. Chad & Jeremy performed at the
Sundance Film Festival The Sundance Film Festival is an annual film festival organized by the Sundance Institute. It is the largest independent film festival in the United States, with 423,234 combined in-person and online viewership in 2023. The festival has acted ...
in
Park City, Utah Park City is a city in Utah, United States. Most of the city is within Summit County, Utah, Summit County, with some portions extending into Wasatch County, Utah, Wasatch County. It is considered to be part of the Wasatch Back. The city is sou ...
, in January 2009. In September 2010, Chad & Jeremy marked the anniversary of their first meeting with a limited-edition CD entitled ''Fifty Years On''. After 15 years of semi-regular touring, Stuart retired to his home in
Sun Valley, Idaho Sun Valley is a resort city in the western United States, in Blaine County, Idaho, adjacent to the city of Ketchum in the Wood River valley. The population was 1,783 at the 2020 census. The elevation of Sun Valley (at the Lodge) is above se ...
. Clyde now tours as a solo artist with a backing band, interlacing Chad & Jeremy songs with newer music from his own multi-album series, ''The Bottom Drawer Sessions''. He also tours as part of a duo, performing nostalgic concerts with one of his oldest friends,
Peter Asher Peter Asher (born 22 June 1944) is an English guitarist, singer, manager and record producer. He came to prominence in the 1960s as a member of the pop music vocal duo Peter and Gordon before going on to a successful career as a manager and re ...
of Peter & Gordon. Stuart died on 20 December 2020, from
pneumonia Pneumonia is an Inflammation, inflammatory condition of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as Pulmonary alveolus, alveoli. Symptoms typically include some combination of Cough#Classification, productive or dry cough, ches ...
following a fall. "Chad Stuart, of Britain’s Chad & Jeremy Duo, Dead at 79", ''BestClassicBands'', 20 December 2020
Retrieved 20 December 2020


Discography


Studio albums

* '' Yesterday's Gone'' (24th July 1964) US # 22 - released in Britain as ''Chad & Jeremy Sing For You'' (1965) * '' Chad & Jeremy Sing for You'' (20th March 1965) US # 69 - released in Britain as ''Second Album'' (1966) * '' Before and After'' (25th May 1965) US # 37 * '' I Don't Want to Lose You Baby'' (27th September 1965) US # 77 * '' Distant Shores'' (15th August 1966) US # 61 * ''Of Cabbages and Kings'' (11th September 1967) US # 186 * ''The Ark'' (15th August 1968) * '' 3 in the Attic'' (December 1968) * ''Chad Stuart & Jeremy Clyde'' (15th November 1983) * ''Ark-eology'' (21st October 2008) * ''Fifty Years On'' (2010)


Live album

* ''In Concert (The Official Bootleg)'' (2002)


Compilations

* ''The Best of Chad & Jeremy'' (Capitol, 1966) US # 49 * ''More Chad & Jeremy'' (Capitol, 1966) US # 144 * ''The Best of Chad & Jeremy'' (K-Tel, 1990) * ''The Very Best of Chad & Jeremy'' (Varèse Sarabande, 2000) * ''Now and Forever'' (Acrobat, 2007) * '' Yesterday's Gone: The Complete Ember & World Artists Recordings'' (RPM, 2016)


Singles


References


External links


Chad & Jeremy official site
* * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Chad and Jeremy British Invasion artists Musical groups established in 1962 Musical groups disestablished in 2016 English musical duos British male musical duos English folk rock groups English soft rock music groups Soft rock duos English rock music duos 1962 establishments in England 2016 disestablishments in England Columbia Records artists Capitol Records artists Ember Records (UK label) artists