The Strategic Framework for the Defense of the People of Azawad (; CSP-DPA) was a coalition of political and military movements in northern
Mali
Mali, officially the Republic of Mali, is a landlocked country in West Africa. It is the List of African countries by area, eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of over . The country is bordered to the north by Algeria, to the east b ...
that was formed on 6 May 2021, as an alliance of the
Coordination of Azawad Movements
The Coordination of Azawad Movements ( (CMA); ; ) is a large coalition of Tuareg independentist and Arab nationalist groups that formed in Mali during the Northern Mali conflict in 2014.
Organization
The CMA was founded on 28 October 2014 as ...
(CMA) and
Platform.
In September 2023, Platform left the CSP-PSD due to the CMA's war with the Malian government.
In April 2024, the CSP-DPA was renamed from the Permanent Strategic Framework for Peace, Security, and Development (; CSP-PSD).
History
Throughout the 2010s, there were brief clashes between the CMA and Platform, so the two groups began talks in late 2020 on reconciling their differences over the
Algiers Agreement of 2015.
The CSP-PSD was created officially on 6 May 2021, after two days of discussion in Rome.
Their first provisional president was
Bilal Ag Acherif
Bilal Ag Acherif (; born 1977), last name alternatively spelled Cherif, is the Secretary-General of the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) in Mali. He was president of a briefly independent breakaway state of Azawad from April ...
, leader of the
National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad
National may refer to:
Common uses
* Nation or country
** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen
Places in the United States
* National, Maryland, ...
(MNLA), vice-president
Fahad Ag Al-Mahmoud, and their spokesperson was
Moussa Ag Acharatoumane
Moussa Ag Acharatoumane is an Azawadi politician, who serves as a Spokesperson for the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) and was based in Paris, France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located prima ...
.
On 12 December 2022, the CSP-PSD pulled out of peace talks with the Malian government, accusing the government of being unwilling to negotiate. The group stated that in order for them to return, new peace talks needed to be held in a neutral country.
On 22 June 2023, the CSP-PSD lambasted the Malian government's threats pressuring the
(MINUSMA) to leave, claiming that the absence of MINUSMA without a "credible alternative would constitute a threat to security in Mali and the whole region."
On 26 September 2023, Platform left the CSP-PSD due to the CMA's attack on Malian government bases following Mali's collaboration with Wagner Group mercenaries and their war crimes against civilians.
On 30 September 2023, the CMA claimed responsibility for an attack in
Dioura, saying that they captured the military base there after two hours of fighting. Mali admitted that its base there had been attacked. on 1 October 2023, the CMA claimed that they had seized the military base at
Bamba. On 20 December 2023, the CSP-PSD announced a blockade of all roads leading to the borders with Mauritania, Algeria, and Niger.
In April 2024, the CSP-PSD became the Strategic Framework for the Defense of the People of Azawad (CSP-DPA). Between 25 and 27 July 2024, the CSP-DPA and
JNIM engaged in a
battle
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force co ...
against Malian forces and
Wagner Group mercenaries, reportedly killing, wounding, and capturing dozens, including at least three Wagner Group commanders.
References
{{reflist
External links
Cadre Stratégique Permanent 21st-century military alliances
2021 establishments in Mali
Ménaka offensive
Military units and factions of the Mali War
Rebel alliances
Tuareg independence movement