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Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (later simply CSA) was a division of
Cambridge Information Group Cambridge Information Group (CIG) is a privately held, family-owned global investment firm focusing on information services, education and technology. The company is led by CEO Andy Snyder. History CIG was founded in 1971 by Robert Snyder and a ...
and provider of
online database In computing, a database is an organized collection of Data (computing), data or a type of data store based on the use of a database management system (DBMS), the software that interacts with end users, Application software, applications, and ...
s, based in
Bethesda, Maryland Bethesda () is an unincorporated, census-designated place in southern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. Located just northwest of Washington, D.C., it is a major business and government center of the Washington metropolitan region ...
, before merging with
ProQuest ProQuest LLC is an Ann Arbor, Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan-based global information-content and technology company, founded in 1938 as University Microfilms by Eugene Power. ProQuest is known for its applications and information services for l ...
of
Ann Arbor, Michigan Ann Arbor is a city in Washtenaw County, Michigan, United States, and its county seat. The 2020 United States census, 2020 census recorded its population to be 123,851, making it the List of municipalities in Michigan, fifth-most populous cit ...
, in 2007. CSA hosted databases of abstracts and developed taxonomic indexing of scholarly articles. These databases were hosted on the CSA Illumina platform and were available alongside add-on products like CSA Illustrata (deep-indexing of tables and figures). The company produced numerous
bibliographic database A bibliographic database is a database of bibliographic records. This is an organised online collection of references to published written works like academic journal, journal and newspaper articles, conference proceedings, reports, government an ...
s in different fields of
the arts The arts or creative arts are a vast range of human practices involving creative expression, storytelling, and cultural participation. The arts encompass diverse and plural modes of thought, deeds, and existence in an extensive range of m ...
and
humanities Humanities are academic disciplines that study aspects of human society and culture, including Philosophy, certain fundamental questions asked by humans. During the Renaissance, the term "humanities" referred to the study of classical literature a ...
, natural and
social sciences Social science (often rendered in the plural as the social sciences) is one of the branches of science, devoted to the study of society, societies and the Social relation, relationships among members within those societies. The term was former ...
, and
technology Technology is the application of Conceptual model, conceptual knowledge to achieve practical goals, especially in a reproducible way. The word ''technology'' can also mean the products resulting from such efforts, including both tangible too ...
. Thus, coverage included materials science, environmental sciences and pollution management, biological sciences, aquatic sciences and fisheries, biotechnology, engineering, computer science, sociology, linguistics, and other areas.


Aluminium Industry Abstracts

Aluminium Industry Abstracts (AIA) was formerly known as World Aluminum Abstracts (WAA). Topical coverage in the technical literature includes aluminum, production processes, products, applications, and business applications. Coverage of the sources include periodicals, technical reports, conference proceedings, patents, trade journals, press releases, and books. Subject coverage, in broad categories, of this database is the aluminum industry (including end uses of aluminum), aluminum intermetallics, business information, engineering testing and properties, extractive metallurgy, melting, casting, and foundry, metalworking, extraction, patents, metallurgy engineering, and quality control (including testing).


Ceramic Abstracts

CSA publishes Ceramic Abstracts / ''World Ceramics Abstracts'' in conjunction with CERAM Research Ltd. This is database serves the ceramics industry. Coverage spans available global literature on the manufacture, processing, applications, properties and testing of traditional and advanced ceramics. In addition, this database is indexed for more than 3,000 published works of various formats such scientific and technical literature including monographs. Temporal coverage is generally from 1975 to the present day. The oldest record in the database has a publication date of 1971. This database is updated once per month, and approximately 15,000 new records are added each year. The size of the database is more than 454,000 records. The print equivalent for this database is ''World Ceramics Abstracts'' and ''Ceramic Abstracts''.


Civil Engineering Abstracts

CSA/ASCE Civil Engineering Abstracts encompasses global, indexing, and abstracting coverage of
civil engineering Civil engineering is a regulation and licensure in engineering, professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads ...
technical literature. Coverage also includes the complementary fields of forensic engineering, engineering services management, engineering services marketing, engineering education, theoretical mechanics, theoretical dynamics, and computational studies. Serial and non-serial publications are part of this database. More than 3,000 abstracted titles encompass, books,
conference proceedings In academia and librarianship, conference proceedings are a collection of academic papers published in the context of an academic conference or workshop. Conference proceedings typically contain the contributions made by researchers at the confer ...
, trade journal, scientific journals, technical journals,
patents A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an sufficiency of disclosure, enabling discl ...
, government reports, dissertations, monographs newsletters, and press releases. Indexing with a controlled vocabulary (12,500 terms) also references items such as cited references, corresponding author's e-mail address, and publisher contact information. With a file size of 1,372,711 records (July 2010), an update frequency of once per month, about 40,000 records are added each year, and temporal coverage is from 1966 to present day.


Computer and Information Systems Abstracts

Global coverage pertains to research and application, which is updated on a monthly basis. This database accesses periodicals, conference proceedings, technical reports, trade journals (including newsletter items), patents, books, and press releases. Non-serial publications are also covered. Research and application pertains to Artificial Intelligence, Computer Applications, Computer Programming, Computer Systems Organization, Computing Milieux Hardware, Information Systems, Mathematics of Computing, and Software Engineering.


Earthquake Engineering Abstracts

The primary focus of Earthquake Engineering Abstracts (EEA) is coverage of earthquake engineering and earthquake hazard mitigation. This database contains 181,380 records which are full citations and abstracts, 52,000 journal articles, indexes and abstracts of major earthquake engineering research journals, along with 40,000 abstracts of proceedings (includes major meetings). 22,000 other records include abstracts of research monographs and technical reports. Coverage of sources is for more than 3,0000 periodicals, conference proceedings, technical reports, trade journal/newsletter items, patents, books, and press releases. Temporal coverage is from 1971 until present day.


Electronics and Communications Abstracts

Electronics and Communications Abstracts indexes the fields of electronic engineering and communications; including theory, experiments, materials, equipment, and applications. Major subject areas are theory, circuits, components and materials, control and systems, power systems, telecommunications, Photonics, and subjects related to electronics or Electronic communications. Temporal coverage is approximately from 1981 to the present, with the oldest record at 1961, 50% of the database indexes from 1994 to the present. Literature coverage spans periodicals, conference proceedings, technical reports, trade journal/newsletter items, patents, books, and press releases. It is updated monthly and 25,000 records are added annually. As of June 2013 this database contained more than 1,733,000 records.


Engineered Materials Abstracts

Engineered Materials Abstracts, established in 1986, provides in-depth coverage of polymers, ceramics, and composites, including complex and advanced materials. The processes involving these materials such as research, manufacturing practices, properties and applications are also cited in this database. This electronic database also contains the sub-files named Ceramics, Composites and Polymers. In addition, this database is indexed for more than 3,000 relevant publications of various types, or groupings, which are related to scientific journal content. Dates of coverage span from approximately 1986 to present day. The oldest record in the database has a publication date of 1953. Furthermore, about 50% of its records have publication dates of 1993 or later. This database is updated once per month, and approximately 20,000 new records are added each year. As of June 2010 the size of the database is more than 796,357 records.


Advanced Polymers Abstracts

As a subfile of ''Engineered Materials Abstracts'' the focus of Advanced Polymers Abstracts is technical information about the uses, manufacturing, and properties of thermoset and thermoplastic resins. These materials are competing with metals to be the material for structures. The broad topical coverage includes molding, thermoplastic elastomers, extrusion, materials development, polymer blends, joining, bonding, synthesis, PVC, chain structure, performance testing, compounding, and filled plastics.


Environmental Sciences & Pollution Management

This database provides abstracting and full bibliographic citation coverage of the available global literature which pertains to environmental sciences and
pollution Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause harm. Pollution can take the form of any substance (solid, liquid, or gas) or energy (such as radioactivity, heat, sound, or light). Pollutants, the component ...
management. This database can link to full-text electronic journal articles. In addition, this database is indexed for more than 10,000 relevant publications of various types, or groupings, which are related to scientific journal content. Dates of coverage span from 1967 to present day. The update frequency is once a month, and approximately 6,000 new records are added each month. As of June 2010 the size of the database is more than 3,366,269 records. Temporal coverage is from 1967 to the present day. General topical or subject coverage includes air, marine, and freshwater pollution; detection, monitoring, and analysis of pollution; effects of oil spills; point and non-point pollution; sewage and wastewater treatment; industrial and municipal disposal of sludge; hazardous wastes and refuse; toxicology of pesticides; heavy metals; agricultural chemicals; risk assessment, and environmental action; among other topics. Coverage of sources spans journal articles, conference proceedings, books and government publications.Environmental Sciences & Pollution Management Index
. Rutgers University Libraries. 2012.
"''Environmental Sciences & Pollution Management''" consists of twelve component or sub-file bibliographic databases that can be accessed independently. These are: * Aquatic Pollution and Environmental Quality (ASFA 3) * Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B) * Biotechnology Research Abstracts * Ecology Abstracts * Environmental Engineering Abstracts * Health and Safety Science Abstracts * Industrial and Applied Microbiology (Microbiology A) * Pollution Abstracts * Risk Abstracts * Sustainability Science Abstracts * Toxicology Abstracts * Water Resources Abstracts


Environmental Engineering Abstracts

''Environmental Engineering Abstracts'' provides abstracting and full bibliographic citation coverage of the available global literature which pertains to technological and engineering aspects of air and water quality, environmental safety, and energy production. General subject coverage spans relevant literature about mines and quarry equipment, nuclear power plants, thermoelectric energy, tidal and wind power, treatment of sewage and industrial wastes, water analysis and treatment techniques are included. 500 primary journals are indexed and abstracted. Relevant literature is added from more than 2,500 other sources such as monographs and conference proceedings. Temporal coverage is from 1990 to the present and the oldest record was published in 1973.


Environmental Periodicals Bibliography

Environmental Periodicals Bibliography (EPB), established in 1972, by the Environmental Studies Institute of the International Academy at Santa Barbara. This database contains more than 500,000 indexed citations, covering all environmental topics in scientific, technical, and popular journals. Comperehensive coverage of 500 journals is also included in this database. Citations are arranged by journal title and publisher, and when there are links to their respective cites, these are made available. CSA Illumina is a web access point, and this database is on CD-ROM as well.


Health and Safety Science Abstracts

Authors are
ProQuest ProQuest LLC is an Ann Arbor, Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan-based global information-content and technology company, founded in 1938 as University Microfilms by Eugene Power. ProQuest is known for its applications and information services for l ...
- CSA Illumina and the
University of Southern California The University of Southern California (USC, SC, or Southern Cal) is a Private university, private research university in Los Angeles, California, United States. Founded in 1880 by Robert M. Widney, it is the oldest private research university in ...
. This database covers the relevant literature pertaining to
public health Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals". Analyzing the de ...
, safety, and industrial hygiene. This also includes risks, hazards, and plausible solutions that affect individuals. Topical coverage includes aviation safety, aerospace safety, environmental safety,
nuclear safety Nuclear safety is defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as "The achievement of proper operating conditions, prevention of accidents or mitigation of accident consequences, resulting in protection of workers, the public and the ...
, medical safety, occupational safety,
ergonomics Ergonomics, also known as human factors or human factors engineering (HFE), is the application of Psychology, psychological and Physiology, physiological principles to the engineering and design of products, processes, and systems. Primary goa ...
,
pollution Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause harm. Pollution can take the form of any substance (solid, liquid, or gas) or energy (such as radioactivity, heat, sound, or light). Pollutants, the component ...
,
waste disposal Waste management or waste disposal includes the processes and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final Waste disposal, disposal. This includes the Waste collection, collection, transport, Sewage treatment, treatm ...
, radiation,
pesticides Pesticides are substances that are used to pest control, control pest (organism), pests. They include herbicides, insecticides, nematicides, fungicides, and many others (see table). The most common of these are herbicides, which account for a ...
, epidemics, "and countless other phenomena having the potential to threaten the public, the environment, or the workplace itself...". The equivalent printed form is "Health and Safety Science Abstracts (1981–2003)".


CSA High Technology Research Database with Aerospace

The CSA High Technology Research Database is a major abstracting and indexing database and category in the CSA Illumina database structure. It is considered to be the online equivalent of ''International Aerospace Abstracts (IAA)'' and ''Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR'' from 1962 to 1993). These are also listed as the print counterparts. It comprises four subtitles: *Aerospace and High Technology Database *Computer and Information Systems Abstracts *Electronics and Communications Abstracts *Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts The database covers theory, experimentation, application, emerging technologies, and companies that are involved in the space sciences (including
aeronautics Aeronautics is the science or art involved with the study, design process, design, and manufacturing of air flight-capable machines, and the techniques of operating aircraft and rockets within the atmosphere. While the term originally referred ...
and
astronautics Astronautics (or cosmonautics) is the practice of sending spacecraft beyond atmosphere of Earth, Earth's atmosphere into outer space. Spaceflight is one of its main applications and space science is its overarching field. The term ''astronautics' ...
), computer & information technology, solid state materials (including solid state devices), communications, chemistry geoscience, and finally
electronics Electronics is a scientific and engineering discipline that studies and applies the principles of physics to design, create, and operate devices that manipulate electrons and other Electric charge, electrically charged particles. It is a subfield ...
. Further research, application, and development coverage includes more than 40 countries including Japan and Eastern European nations. More than 10.7 million records are available (February 2011), with a monthly update of approximately 100,000 records, and temporal coverage from 1962 to the present. It is indexed by references, abstracts, and 40,000 controlled vocabulary terms.Overview, indepth description, serials source list, and bibliographic information for the ''CSA High Technology Research Database''. * *In-depth description of this database (27 pages) by *Serials Source List for CSA High Technology Research Database. "4123 serials are currently monitored for inclusion in this database." * The last update To Bluesheets was June 1, 2005, and it was last loaded here on February 01, 2011.


Aerospace & High Technology Database

The Aerospace and High Technology Database is a bibliographic database covering the space sciences as well as aeronautics and astronautics. This database also provides access to complementary disciplines, such as electronics, chemistry, physics, geoscience, and communications. The print equivalent is ''International Aerospace Abstracts'' (IAA) and ''Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports'' (STAR from 1986 to 1993). The ''Aerospace & High Technology Database'' began as two print publications, ''International Aerospace Abstracs (IAA)'' and ''Scientific and Technical Reports (STAR) Index''. These were then incorporated into the ''Aerospace Database'', produced by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.Fact sheet and description for the ''Aerospace and High Technology Database''. *


International Aerospace Abstracts

International Aerospace Abstracts was published by the Technical Information Service of the '' American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics'', with an . Other previous authors was '' National Aeronautics and Space Administration'' (NASA) and the ''Institute of the Aerospace Sciences''. It was published alternately with the ''Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports'' in 1963. International Aerospace Abstracts was part of the International Aeronautical Abstracts section of the publication entitled '' Aerospace Engineering'' ().Catalog record
National Library of Australia
.


Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

According to the NASA website: Effective May 2011, Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) is being retired, along with several other NASA scientific and technical information products. Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) is an information resource listing citations and abstracts of NASA and worldwide aerospace-related scientific and technical information (STI). Updated biweekly, STAR highlights the most recent additions to the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database. Through this resource, the NASA STI Program provides timely access to the most current aerospace-related research and development (R&D) results. STAR subject coverage includes all aspects of aeronautics and space research and development, supporting basic and applied research, and application, as well as aerospace aspects of Earth resources, energy development, conservation, oceanography, environmental protection, urban transportation and other topics of high national priority. The listing is arranged first by 11 broad subject divisions, then within these divisions by 76 subject categories and includes two indexes: subject and author.Public domain material available from NASA
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
(NASA). January 24, 2011


Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts

CSA Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts () provides online, international, coverage encompassing all aspects of theory, production, and application of solid state materials and devices. High and low temperature superconductivity technologies are included. Coverage is from approximately 1981 to the present day. The oldest record in the database has a publication date of 1970. About 50% of this database has records which were published since 1992. The database is updated once a month. Approximately 40,000 new records are added each year. As of June 2010, ''Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts'' contains more than 967,000 records. There is a print equivalent of the same name.Description of Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts. * *ISSN for Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts 0896-5900, and which continues the former title ''Solid state abstracts journal''. And before that the former titles for this database were ''Science Research Abstracts Journal'', and ''Solid State Abstracts''


Mechanical Engineering Abstracts

Mechanical Engineering Abstracts is a continuation of the formerly named "''ISMEC Bulletin''" (v.1, no.1, July 10, 1973) (), which appears to have ceased under this title in December, 1987 (v. 20, no.6). ''ISMEC Bulletin'' was published by ''Cambridge Scientific Abstracts''. Now, ''Mechanical Engineering Abstracts'' is also known as "''ISMEC, Mechanical Engineering Abstracts''". Another title is "''Information service in Mechanical Engineering Bulletin''". Temporal coverage for ''Mechanical Engineering Abstracts'' is from 1981 to 2002. Current information, beyond its temporal coverage, is not part of this database. Current information is located in ''Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts'' (see next section below). As of May 2010, this database contained more than 215,700 records. Engineering Information is a co-publisher of this database. Global in scope, broad subject coverage comprises theory and application in
mechanical engineering Mechanical engineering is the study of physical machines and mechanism (engineering), mechanisms that may involve force and movement. It is an engineering branch that combines engineering physics and engineering mathematics, mathematics principl ...
, engineering management, and Production engineering. Format coverage consists of scientific journals, articles, conference papers, methods, developments, and conclusions (including research results). The target audience is specialists, researchers, and engineers. Further subject coverage includes all aspects of Mechanical engineering. Other subjects, which are covered in this database, are Aerospace engineering, Automotive engineering, Naval architecture and Marine engineering, Railroad engineering, and Materials handling.
Nuclear technology Nuclear technology is technology that involves the nuclear reactions of atomic nucleus, atomic nuclei. Among the notable nuclear technologies are nuclear reactors, nuclear medicine and nuclear weapons. It is also used, among other things, in s ...
is also part of this database covering:
Fluid flow In physics, physical chemistry and engineering, fluid dynamics is a subdiscipline of fluid mechanics that describes the flow of fluids – liquids and gases. It has several subdisciplines, including (the study of air and other gases in motion ...
, Hydraulics,
Pneumatics Pneumatics (from Greek 'wind, breath') is the use of gas or pressurized air in mechanical systems. Pneumatic systems used in industry are commonly powered by compressed air or compressed inert gases. A centrally located and electrically- ...
, and Vacuum Technology. Heat and Thermodynamics covers Industrial furnaces, process heating, space heating,
air conditioning Air conditioning, often abbreviated as A/C (US) or air con (UK), is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space to achieve a more comfortable interior temperature, and in some cases, also controlling the humidity of internal air. Air c ...
,
refrigeration Refrigeration is any of various types of cooling of a space, substance, or system to lower and/or maintain its temperature below the ambient one (while the removed heat is ejected to a place of higher temperature).IIR International Dictionary of ...
, and cryogenics. *ISMEC, Mechanical Engineering Abstracts :() () ()


Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts

CSA Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts provides citations, abstracts, and indexing of the literature in mechanical and transportation engineering and other supporting engineering fields. This database is indexed for more than 3,000 relevant publications of various types which are related to scientific journal content. Dates of coverage are from 1966 to the present. The oldest record in the database has a publication date of 1895; about 50% of its records have publication dates of 1988 or later. The update frequency is once a month, and approximately 40,000 new records are added per year.


METADEX

CSA METADEX is the database equivalent of Metals Abstracts, Metals Abstracts Index, and Alloys Index. It specializes in covering all topics pertaining to metals and alloys, which includes their properties, manufacturing, applications, and development. METADEX was established in 1966, and now contains more than 1,425,000 references. In addition, this database is indexed for more than 3,000 relevant publications of various types, or groupings, which are related to scientific journal content. Dates of coverage begin from, approximately, 1966 to the present day. The oldest record in the database has a publication date of 1939. However, about 50% of its records have publication dates of 1986 or later. METADEX is updated once a month. Approximately 45,000 new records are added per year. As of June 2010, this database contained more than 7,058,162 records.


CSA Materials Research Database with METADEX

Notable material science databases are combined under CSA Materials Research Database with METADEX. Contents up to the level of specialist are accessible, collected from the disciplines of materials science, metallurgy, ceramics, polymers, and composites used in engineering application. For all metals, alloys, polymers, ceramics, and composites in depth coverage of the industrial process is covered. This means, in depth coverage of raw materials, their processing and refining is included. The chain of processing continues with in depth coverage also of welding and fabrication developed for end uses. This is followed by performance, corrosion, and recycling, as related to all metals, alloys, polymers, ceramics, and composites. In addition, this database is indexed for more than 3,000 relevant publications of various types, or groupings, which are related to scientific journal content. This database comprises the following: *Aluminium Industry Abstracts *Ceramic Abstracts/World Ceramics Abstracts *Copper Technical Reference Library *Corrosion Abstracts *Engineered Materials Abstracts *Materials Business File *METADEX


CSA Sociological Abstracts

Sociological Abstracts (SocioAbs) is a reliable and authoritative bibliographic resource that provide citations, abstracts, and indexing of the literature in
sociology Sociology is the scientific study of human society that focuses on society, human social behavior, patterns of Interpersonal ties, social relationships, social interaction, and aspects of culture associated with everyday life. The term sociol ...
and related disciplines in the social and
behavioral sciences Behavioural science is the branch of science concerned with human behaviour.Hallsworth, M. (2023). A manifesto for applying behavioural science. ''Nature Human Behaviour'', ''7''(3), 310-322. While the term can technically be applied to the st ...
. More specifically, abstracts of journal articles, books, book chapters, dissertations, conference papers, and citations for book reviews are indexed in a serially classified database of almost 2,000 publications. The database has been updated to include access to the complete backfiles of the print versions of ''Sociological Abstracts'' from its beginnings in 1952 through today. This database is updated monthly with approximately 30,000 records per year, and its total size exceeds 913,900 records. Subjects covered are culture, social structure, demography, human biology, economic development environmental issues, family life conditions, social welfare, health, medicine, and law. Other subjects across the sociological spectrum are also included such as development, differentiation, arts, business, education, substance abuse, addiction, and women's studies.


CSA Technology Research Database

CSA Technology Research Database is bibliographic platform that is updated monthly with temporal coverage from 1962 to the present. It combines a number of secondary databases: the Materials Research Database with METADEX (see above), the CSA High Technology Research Database with Aerospace (see above), and the CSA Engineering Research Database. Formats covered are periodicals, conference proceedings, technical reports, trade journal items, newsletter items, patents, books, and press releases. Subject coverage ranges across scientific and technology disciplines and includes the literature of materials science, aerospace, construction, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and information science. This database indexes more than 17.5 million records.


See also

*
List of academic databases and search engines This page contains a representative list of major databases and search engines useful in an academic setting for finding and accessing articles in academic journals, institutional repository, institutional repositories, archives, or other collecti ...


References


External links


CSA web site


in
Library Journal ''Library Journal'' is an American trade publication for librarians. It was founded in 1876 by Melvil Dewey. It reports news about the library world, emphasizing public libraries, and offers feature articles about aspects of professional prac ...
(December 2001) {{DEFAULTSORT:Csa (database company) Defunct online companies of the United States Companies based in Bethesda, Maryland Bibliographic database providers ProQuest Technology companies disestablished in 2007 2007 disestablishments in Maryland