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The Boeing C-97 Stratofreighter is a long-range heavy military cargo aircraft developed from the
B-29 The Boeing B-29 Superfortress is a retired American four-engined Propeller (aeronautics), propeller-driven heavy bomber, designed by Boeing and flown primarily by the United States during World War II and the Korean War. Named in allusion to ...
and B-50 bombers. Design work began in 1942, the first of three prototype XC-97s flew on 9 November 1944 and the first of six service-test YC-97s flew on 11 March 1947. All nine were based on the 24ST alloy structure and Wright R-3350 engines of the B-29, but with a larger-diameter fuselage upper lobe (making a figure of eight or "double-bubble" section) and they had the B-29 vertical tail with the gunner's position blanked off. The first of three heavily revised YC-97A incorporating the re-engineered wing (higher-strength 75ST alloy), taller vertical tail and larger Pratt & Whitney R-4360 engines of the B-50 bomber, flew on 28 January 1948 and was the basis of the subsequent sole YC-97B, all production C-97s, KC-97s and civilian Stratocruiser aircraft. Between 1944 and 1958, 888 C-97s in several versions were built, 811 being KC-97 tankers.Bach 1996, p. 7 C-97s served in the
Berlin Airlift The Berlin Blockade (24 June 1948 – 12 May 1949) was one of the first major international crises of the Cold War. During the multinational occupation of post–World War II Germany, the Soviet Union blocked the Western Allies' railway, roa ...
, the
Korean War The Korean War (25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953) was an armed conflict on the Korean Peninsula fought between North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea; DPRK) and South Korea (Republic of Korea; ROK) and their allies. North Korea was s ...
, and the
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
. Some aircraft served as flying command posts for the
Strategic Air Command Strategic Air Command (SAC) was a United States Department of Defense Specified Command and a United States Air Force (USAF) Major Command responsible for command and control of the strategic bomber and intercontinental ballistic missile compon ...
, while others were modified for use in Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Squadrons (ARRS).


Design and development

The C-97 Stratofreighter was developed towards the end of
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
by fitting a second lobe on top of the fuselage and wings of the
B-29 Superfortress The Boeing B-29 Superfortress is a retired American four-engined Propeller (aeronautics), propeller-driven heavy bomber, designed by Boeing and flown primarily by the United States during World War II and the Korean War. Named in allusion to ...
with the tail, wing, and engine layout being nearly identical.Swanborough and Bowers 1989, p. 125. The XC-97 and YC-97 can be distinguished from the Boeing 377 Stratocruiser and later C-97s by the shorter fin, and later ones by the flying boom and jet engines on the tanker models. The prototype XC-97 was powered by the same Wright R-3350 engines as used in the B-29. The XC-97 took off for its first flight on November 9, 1944, just after the death of Boeing president Philip G. Johnson. On 9 January 1945, the first prototype, piloted by Major Curtin L. Reinhardt, flew from
Seattle Seattle ( ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Washington and in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. With a population of 780,995 in 2024, it is the 18th-most populous city in the United States. The city is the cou ...
to Washington, D.C. in 6 hours 4 minutes, an average speed of with of cargo. The tenth and all subsequent aircraft were fitted with the Pratt & Whitney Wasp Major engines and taller fin and rudder of the B-50 Superfortress. The C-97 had clamshell doors under its tail so that two retractable ramps could be used to drive in cargo, but it was not a tactical airlifter able to deliver to primitive forward bases. The doors could not be opened in flight, but could be removed to carry out air drops. The C-97 had a useful payload of , which could include two 2½-ton trucks, towed artillery, or light tracked vehicles such as the
M56 Scorpion The M56 "Scorpion" self-propelled gun is an American unarmored, Air assault, airmobile self-propelled gun, self-propelled tank destroyer, which was armed with a 90 mm Gun M1/M2/M3, 90 mm M54 gun with a simple blast shield, and an unprotected crew ...
. The C-97 featured cabin pressurization, which made long flights more comfortable. The C-97 was developed into the civilian Boeing 377 Stratocruiser, a transoceanic airliner that could be fitted with sleeper cabins and featured a lower deck lounge. The first Stratocruiser flew on July 8, 1947. Only 56 were built.Bach 1996, p. 40


Operational history

The C-97 entered service in 1947, during a period of rapid development of heavy transport aircraft. Only 77 were built before the Douglas C-124 Globemaster II was delivered in 1950, with nearly twice the payload capacity of the C-97. The
USAF The United States Air Force (USAF) is the Air force, air service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is one of the six United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Tracing its ori ...
Strategic Air Command Strategic Air Command (SAC) was a United States Department of Defense Specified Command and a United States Air Force (USAF) Major Command responsible for command and control of the strategic bomber and intercontinental ballistic missile compon ...
operated C-97 Stratofreighters from 1949 to 1978. Early in its service life, it served as an airborne alternative SAC command post. While only 77 C-97 transports were built, 811 were built as KC-97 Stratofreighters for inflight refueling. The KC-97 began to be phased out with the introduction of the
Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker The Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker is an American military aerial refueling tanker aircraft that was developed from the Boeing 367-80 prototype, alongside the Boeing 707 airliner. It has a narrower fuselage and is shorter than the 707. Boeing gave ...
in 1957. Many KC-97s were later refitted as C-97G transports and equipped several squadrons of the U.S. Air National Guard. One YC-97A (45–59595) was used in the
Berlin Airlift The Berlin Blockade (24 June 1948 – 12 May 1949) was one of the first major international crises of the Cold War. During the multinational occupation of post–World War II Germany, the Soviet Union blocked the Western Allies' railway, roa ...
during April 1949, operating for the 1st Strategic Support Squadron. It suffered a landing gear accident at Gatow and by the time it was repaired, the Soviet Blockade was lifted. C-97s evacuated casualties during the
Korean War The Korean War (25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953) was an armed conflict on the Korean Peninsula fought between North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea; DPRK) and South Korea (Republic of Korea; ROK) and their allies. North Korea was s ...
. C-97s also participated in the Biafran airlift, delivering relief materials to Uli airstrip in
Biafra Biafara Anglicisation (linguistics), anglicized as Biafra ( ), officially the Republic of Biafra, was a List of historical unrecognized states and dependencies, partially recognised state in West Africa that declared independence from Nigeria ...
during the
Nigerian Civil War The Nigerian Civil War (6 July 1967 – 15 January 1970), also known as the Biafran War, Nigeria-Biafra War, or Biafra War, was fought between Nigeria and the Republic of Biafra, a Secession, secessionist state which had declared its independen ...
. Flying under the cover of darkness and at treetop level to evade radar, at least two C-97s were lost. Only one C-97 is still airworthy at the present day, (S/N 52-2718, named "Angel of Deliverance") operated by the Berlin Airlift Historical Foundation. It is painted as YC-97A 45–59595, the only C-97 to participate in the Berlin Airlift. The Israelis turned to Stratocruisers and KC-97s when they could not buy the preferred C-130.Archer ''Aeroplane'' May 2017, p. 94. They adapted Boeing 377 Stratocruiser airliners into transports, including many using C-97 tail sections including the loading ramps. Others were adapted with swiveling tails and refueling pods. One Israeli C-97 was downed by an Egyptian SA-2 Guideline missile on 17 September 1971, while flying as an electronic counter-measures platform some 12 miles from the
Suez Canal The Suez Canal (; , ') is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, Indo-Mediterranean, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez and dividing Africa and Asia (and by extension, the Sinai Peninsula from the rest ...
.


Variants

;XC-97: Military designation of the prototype Boeing 367, three built. First prototype was designated Model 367-1-1 by Boeing, while the second and third were designated Model 367-1-2. ;YC-97: Company designation Model 367-5-5. Cargo transport, six built. ;YC-97A: Company designation Model 367-4-6. Troop carrier, three built. ;C-97A: Company designation Model 367-4-19. Transport, 50 built. ;KC-97A: Three C-97As were converted into aerial refueling tankers with rear loading door removed and a flight refueling boom added. After the design was proven, they were converted back into the standard C-97A. ;YC-97B: Company designation Model 367-4-7. Fitted with 80 airliner-style seats, later redesignated C-97B, in 1954 became C-97D, retired to MASDC 15 December 1969. ;C-97C: Company designation Model 367-4-29. Second production version, 14 built; those used as medical evacuation transports during the Korean War were designated MC-97C. ;VC-97D: Staff transport and flying command post conversions, three C-97As converted. ;KC-97E: Company designation Model 367-4-29.
Aerial refueling Aerial refueling ( en-us), or aerial refuelling ( en-gb), also referred to as air refueling, in-flight refueling (IFR), air-to-air refueling (AAR), and tanking, is the process of transferring aviation fuel from one aircraft (the tanker) to an ...
tankers with rear loading doors permanently closed; 60 built. ;C-97E: KC-97Es converted to transports. ;KC-97F: Company designation Model 367-76-29. 3800hp R-4360-59B engines and minor changes; 159 built. ;C-97F: KC-97Fs converted to transports. ;KC-97G: Company designation Model 367-76-66. Dual-role
aerial refueling Aerial refueling ( en-us), or aerial refuelling ( en-gb), also referred to as air refueling, in-flight refueling (IFR), air-to-air refueling (AAR), and tanking, is the process of transferring aviation fuel from one aircraft (the tanker) to an ...
tankers/cargo transportation aircraft. KC-97G models carried underwing fuel tanks; 592 built. ;GKC-97G: Five KC-97Gs were used as ground instruction airframes. ;JKC-97G: One aircraft was modified to test the underwing General Electric J47-GE-23 jet engines, and was later designated KC-97L. ;C-97G: 135 KC-97Gs converted to transports. ;EC-97G:
ELINT Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is the act and field of intelligence-gathering by interception of ''signals'', whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly u ...
conversion of three KC-97Gs. 53–106 was operated by the CIA for covert ELINT operations in the West Berlin Air Corridor. ;HC-97G: KC-97Gs converted for search and rescue operations; 22 converted. ;KC-97H: One KC-97F was experimentally converted into a probe-and-drogue refueling aircraft. ;YC-97J: Company designation Model 367-86-542. KC-97G conversion with four 5,700 hp (4,250 kW) Pratt & Whitney YT34-P-5
turboprop A turboprop is a Gas turbine, gas turbine engine that drives an aircraft Propeller (aeronautics), propeller. A turboprop consists of an intake, reduction drive, reduction gearbox, gas compressor, compressor, combustor, turbine, and a propellin ...
s, two converted. Originally designated YC-137. ;C-97K: 27 KC-97Gs converted to troop transports. ;KC-97L: 81 KC-97Gs modified with two J47 turbojet engines on underwing pylons.


Operators


Military operators

; * Israeli Air Force ; * Spanish Air Force ; *
United States Air Force The United States Air Force (USAF) is the Air force, air service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is one of the six United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Tracing its ori ...


U.S. Air Force units

The following Air Force wing organizations flew the various C-97 models at some time during their existence:


Air National Guard

* 105th Aeromedical Transport Group
Westchester County Airport Westchester County Airport is a county-owned airport in Westchester County, New York, Westchester County, New York (state), New York, United States, northeast of downtown White Plains, New York, White Plains, with territory in the Town (New Y ...
, New York (1962–1969) **137th Air Transport Squadron * 106th Air Transport GroupSuffolk County Airport, New York **102d Air Transport Squadron * 109th Air Transport GroupSchenectady Airport, New York **139th Air Transport Squadron * 111th Air Transport GroupNAS Willow Grove,
Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...
**103d Air Transport Squadron * 116th Air Transport Group
Dobbins ARB Dobbins Air Reserve Base or Dobbins ARB is a United States Air Force Air Force Reserve Command, reserve air base located in Marietta, Georgia, Marietta, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia, a suburb about northwest of Atlanta. Originally known as ...
,
Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...
**128th Air Transport Squadron (Heavy) * 118th Air Transport GroupBerry Field Air National Guard Base /
Nashville International Airport Nashville International Airport is a public/military airport in the southeastern section of Nashville, Tennessee, Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Established in 1937, its original name was Berry Field, from which its ICAO and IATA identi ...
,
Tennessee Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina t ...
**105th Air Transport Squadron * 126th Air Refueling WingO'Hare Airport,
Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. It borders on Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash River, Wabash and Ohio River, Ohio rivers to its ...
** 108th Air Refueling Squadron *
128th Air Refueling Wing The 128th Air Refueling Wing (128 ARW) is a unit of the Wisconsin Air National Guard, stationed at General Mitchell Air National Guard Base, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. If activated to federal service in the United States Air Force, the wing is operati ...
Gen. Mitchell Airport,
Wisconsin Wisconsin ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest of the United States. It borders Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michig ...
** 126th Air Refueling Squadron * 133d Air Transport WingMinneapolis-St Paul International Airport,
Minnesota Minnesota ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario to the north and east and by the U.S. states of Wisconsin to the east, Iowa to the so ...
**109th Air Transport Squadron (Heavy) * 137th Air Transport GroupWill Rogers World Airport,
Oklahoma Oklahoma ( ; Choctaw language, Choctaw: , ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Texas to the south and west, Kansas to the north, Missouri to the northea ...
**185th Air Transport Squadron * 138th Air Transport GroupTulsa Air National Guard Base /
Tulsa International Airport Tulsa International Airport is a civil-military airport five miles (8 km) northeast of Downtown Tulsa, in Tulsa County, Oklahoma, Tulsa County, Oklahoma, United States. It was named Tulsa Municipal Airport when the city acquired it in 1929 ...
,
Oklahoma Oklahoma ( ; Choctaw language, Choctaw: , ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Texas to the south and west, Kansas to the north, Missouri to the northea ...
**125th Air Transport Squadron * 139th Air Transport GroupRosecrans Air National Guard Base,
Missouri Missouri (''see #Etymology and pronunciation, pronunciation'') is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it border ...
** 180th Air Transport Squadron (Heavy) * 146th Air Transport WingVan Nuys Air National Guard Base / Van Nuys Airport,
California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...
**115th Air Transport Squadron (Heavy) **195th Air Transport Squadron (Heavy) * 151st Air Transport WingSalt Lake City Air National Guard Base / Salt Lake City International Airport,
Utah Utah is a landlocked state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is one of the Four Corners states, sharing a border with Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. It also borders Wyoming to the northea ...
**191st Air Transport Squadron (Heavy) * 157th Air Transport GroupGrenier AFB,
New Hampshire New Hampshire ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...
(1960–1964)/ Pease AFB,
New Hampshire New Hampshire ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...
(1964–1968) **133d Air Transport Squadron (Heavy) * 161st Air Transport GroupSky Harbor International Airport,
Arizona Arizona is a U.S. state, state in the Southwestern United States, Southwestern region of the United States, sharing the Four Corners region of the western United States with Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. It also borders Nevada to the nort ...
(1966–1972) **197th Air Transport Squadron * 162d Air Transport Wing -,
Arizona Arizona is a U.S. state, state in the Southwestern United States, Southwestern region of the United States, sharing the Four Corners region of the western United States with Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. It also borders Nevada to the nort ...
* 164th Air Transport GroupMemphis Air National Guard Base / Memphis International Airport,
Tennessee Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina t ...
**155th Air Transport Squadron (Heavy) * 165th Air Transport GroupSavannah Air National Guard Base / Savannah International Airport,
Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...
**158th Air Transport Squadron (Heavy) * 166th Air Transport GroupNew Castle Air National Guard Base / Greater Wilmington Airport,
Delaware Delaware ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic and South Atlantic states, South Atlantic regions of the United States. It borders Maryland to its south and west, Pennsylvania to its north, New Jersey ...
**142d Air Transport Squadron


Civil operators

* Balair * Berlin Airlift Historical Foundation *Foundation for Airborne Relief (USA) * Hawkins & Powers Aviation * Zantop Air Transport


Accidents and incidents

;22 May 1947:
USAAF The United States Army Air Forces (USAAF or AAF) was the major land-based aerial warfare service component of the United States Army and ''de facto'' aerial warfare service branch of the United States during and immediately after World War II ...
XC-97 ''43-27472'' crashed in a wheat field near
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB) is a United States Air Force base and census-designated place just east of Dayton, Ohio, in Greene County, Ohio, Greene and Montgomery County, Ohio, Montgomery counties. It includes both Wright and Patte ...
and caught fire, killing five of seven crew on board. ;6 June 1951: USAF C-97A ''48-0398'' crashed near Kelly Air Force Base due to a possible asymmetric flap extension on takeoff, killing all nine crew on board. ;15 October 1951: After taking off from Lajes Field, Azores, USAF C-97A ''49-2602'' of the
Military Air Transport Service The Military Air Transport Service (MATS) is an inactive United States Department of Defense, Department of Defense Unified Command. Activated on 1 June 1948, MATS was a consolidation of the United States Navy's Naval Air Transport Service (NA ...
went missing on a flight from Lajes AFB (LFB), Azores to Westover Air Force Base, Massachusetts. The aircraft was piloted by Captain John Francis Dailey Jr. and had a crew of 11. A total of 50 aircraft and ships searched the intended route but no trace of the aircraft or crew was ever found. ;22 October 1951: USAF C-97A ''48-0413'' crashed and burned next to a runway at Kelly AFB, killing four of six on board. ;22 March 1957: USAF C-97C ''50-0702'' ''en route'' to
Tokyo Tokyo, officially the Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital of Japan, capital and List of cities in Japan, most populous city in Japan. With a population of over 14 million in the city proper in 2023, it is List of largest cities, one of the most ...
went missing over the
Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five Borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is ...
, with 10 crew and 57 passengers on board. It is the deadliest incident ever involving the C-97. ;8 August 1957: USAF C-97 en route to Hawaii from US. No.1 engine lost its propeller and damaged No.2 engine. Aircraft flew for 5 hours at 150 ft altitude to land at Hilo. ;19 January 1958: USAF C-97A ''49-2597'' en route to Kwajalein from Honolulu went missing over the Pacific Ocean with seven crew on board. The U.S. Navy confirmed that debris found 277 miles to the southwest of Honolulu, was wreckage of the plane. ;29 June 1964: USAF HC-97G ''52-2773'', along with USAF HC-54D ''42-72590'', were performing pararescue training and photography missions for the NASA Gemini program when the HC-54 banked to the right, colliding with the HC-97 and shearing off the wing and tail section; both aircraft crashed in the water off Bermuda, killing 17 on board both aircraft; seven survived after they jumped before the aircraft collided. The cause was probably incapacitation of the HC-54 pilot. ;26 September 1969: A Nordchurchaid C-97G, (N52676), struck trees and crashed while on final approach to Uli Airstrip, killing all five on board. ;30 July 1987: After taking off, a C-97G (HI-481) operated by Belize Air International (a
cargo airline Cargo airlines (or air freight carriers, and derivatives of these names) are airlines mainly dedicated to the transport of air cargo, cargo by air. Some cargo airlines are divisions or subsidiaries of larger passenger airlines. In 2018, airli ...
) crashed onto the Mexico City-Toluca highway after the cargo shifted, killing 5 of 12 on board and 44 on the ground.


Surviving aircraft


Israel

;On display *C-97K ''035/4X-FPO'' – Israeli Air Force Museum, Hatzerim Airbase,
Beersheba Beersheba ( / ; ), officially Be'er-Sheva, is the largest city in the Negev desert of southern Israel. Often referred to as the "Capital of the Negev", it is the centre of the fourth-most populous metropolitan area in Israel, the eighth-most p ...
, Israel.


United States

;Airworthy ;;C-97G (converted from KC-97G) *52-2718 "Angel of Deliverance" – Berlin Airlift Historical Foundation of Farmingdale, New Jersey. It is painted as YC-97A 45-59595. ;On display ;;C-97G (all converted from KC-97G) *52-2626 –
Pima Air & Space Museum The Pima Air & Space Museum is an aerospace museum in Tucson, Arizona, US. It features a display of nearly 400 aircraft spread out over on a campus occupying . It has also been the home to the Arizona Aviation Hall of Fame since 1991. Overv ...
, adjacent to Davis–Monthan Air Force Base in
Tucson, Arizona Tucson (; ; ) is a city in Pima County, Arizona, United States, and its county seat. It is the second-most populous city in Arizona, behind Phoenix, Arizona, Phoenix, with a population of 542,630 in the 2020 United States census. The Tucson ...
. *52-2764 – Don Q Inn, next to the (now closed) Dodgeville Municipal Airport outside Dodgeville, Wisconsin. It was used for filming commercials. *53-218 – Minnesota Air Guard Museum on the north side of the Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport in
Minneapolis, Minnesota Minneapolis is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States, and its county seat. With a population of 429,954 as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the state's List of cities in Minnesota, most populous city. Locat ...
. It has been there since November 2003."C-97G Stratofreighter/AF Serial No. 53-218."
''Minnesota Air Guard Museum.'' Retrieved: 11 March 2022.


Specifications (C-97)


See also


References

;Notes ;Bibliography * Archer, Bob. "Database: Boeing C-97". ''
Aeroplane An airplane (American English), or aeroplane (Commonwealth English), informally plane, is a fixed-wing aircraft that is propelled forward by thrust from a jet engine, Propeller (aircraft), propeller, or rocket engine. Airplanes come in a vari ...
'', Vol. 45, No. 5, May 2017. pp. 81–97. . * Bach, Martin. ''Boeing 367 Stratofreighter, Boeing 377 Stratocruiser, Aero Spacelines Guppies.'' Allershausen: NARA Verlag, 1996. . * Bowers, Peter M. ''Boeing Aircraft since 1916.'' London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1989, . * Bridgman, Leonard. ''Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1952–53.'' London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1952. * Rubinstein, Murray and Richard Goldman. ''The Israeli Air Force Story'' London: Arms & Armour Press, 1979. . * Swanborough, Gordon and Peter M Bowers: ''United States Military Aircraft since 1909.'' London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1989, .


External links


How to Fly the C97Airliners.net – The Boeing C-97 Stratofreighter
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090502051213/http://www.photovault.com/Link/Military/AirForce/Aircraft/KC-97Stratotanker.html PhotoValet – Air Force Military Aircraft: Boeing C-97 and KC-97 Stratotanker/Stratofreighter images]
Newsreel introducing the C97 showing rear ramps
{{Authority control C-0097 Boeing C-097 Stratofreighter Four-engined tractor aircraft Low-wing aircraft Aircraft with auxiliary jet engines C-97 Aircraft first flown in 1944 Four-engined piston aircraft Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear