Béla Juhos (22 November 1901,

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

– 27 May 1971,

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

) was a Hungarian-Austrian

philosopher A philosopher is a person who practices or investigates philosophy. The term ''philosopher'' comes from the grc, φιλόσοφος, , translit=philosophos, meaning 'lover of wisdom'. The coining of the term has been attributed to the Greek th ...

and member of the

Vienna Circle The Vienna Circle (german: Wiener Kreis) of Logical Empiricism was a group of elite philosophers and scientists drawn from the natural and social sciences, logic and mathematics who met regularly from 1924 to 1936 at the University of Vienna, cha ...

Life

Juhos was born on 22 November 1901 in Vienna into a Hungarian family of low nobility (Hungarian citizenship until 1945). His father was a Hungarian tradesman and entrepreneur owning an iron wholesale in Vienna and

Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...

. Juhos attended primary school in Budapest and spoke Hungarian as a child. In 1909 he moved to Vienna, where he learned German and completed ''

Realgymnasium ''Gymnasium'' (; German plural: ''Gymnasien''), in the German education system, is the most advanced and highest of the three types of German secondary schools, the others being ''Hauptschule'' (lowest) and ''Realschule'' (middle). ''Gymnas ...

'' in 1920. Juhos studied

mathematics Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics ...

physics Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge which r ...

and

philosophy Philosophy (from , ) is the systematized study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind, and language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. Some ...

at the

University of Vienna The University of Vienna (german: Universität Wien) is a public research university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world. With its long and rich histor ...

. In 1926 he completed his studies with a dissertation under

Moritz Schlick Friedrich Albert Moritz Schlick (; ; 14 April 1882 – 22 June 1936) was a German philosopher, physicist, and the founding father of logical positivism and the Vienna Circle. Early life and works Schlick was born in Berlin to a wealthy Prussian f ...

with the title "To What Extent did

Schopenhauer Arthur Schopenhauer ( , ; 22 February 1788 – 21 September 1860) was a German philosopher. He is best known for his 1818 work ''The World as Will and Representation'' (expanded in 1844), which characterizes the phenomenal world as the prod ...

Do Justice to

Kant Immanuel Kant (, , ; 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German Philosophy, philosopher and one of the central Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemolo ...

ian

Ethics Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior".''Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concerns m ...

?" (''"Inwieweit ist Schopenhauer der Kant’schen Ethik gerecht geworden?"''). From the beginning of the Schlick Circle in 1924 until its dissolution in 1936 (after the murder of Schlick) Juhos participated in the meetings of the

. Due to his economic independence Juhos could stay in Vienna as a private scholar during the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

– except for the period of his military service in 1942–1944. Together with

Victor Kraft Victor Kraft (4 July 1880 – 3 January 1975) was an Austrian philosopher. He is best known for being a member of the Vienna Circle. Early life and education Kraft studied philosophy, geography and history at the University of Vienna. He partic ...

Juhos was the only member of the Vienna Circle to remain in Vienna during the Second World War and to continue to work at the University of Vienna after the war.Reiter 2011, 68-69. In 1948 he submitted his Habilitation thesis (''venia legendi'') with the title "Cognition and its Achievements" (''"Die Erkenntnis und ihre Leistung"'') under Victor Kraft and became ''Privatdozent'' (private lecturer). In 1955, Juhos was appointed associate professor, but he did not obtain a permanent position at the Faculty of Philosophy. For this reason, his influence in research and teaching remained limited. Juhos died on 27 May 1971 in Vienna.

Works (selection)

* ''Inwieweit ist Schopenhauer der Kantischen Ethik gerecht geworden?'' Phil.Diss. Vienna 1926. * ''Über die Grundlagen der Gewißheit des reinen Denkens'', Vienna 1928. * ''Erkenntnisformen in Natur- und Geisteswissenschaften'', Leipzig: Pan Verlag 1940. *"Empirische Sätze und logische Konstanten", in: ''The Journal of Unified Science'' 8/5-6, 1940, 354-360. * ''Die Erkenntnis und ihre Leistung'', Vienna: Springer 1950. * ''Elemente der neuen Logik'', Frankfurt-Vienna 1954. * ''Das Wertgeschehen und seine Erfassung'', Meisenheim am Glan: Verlag Anton Hain 1956. * ''Die erkenntnislogische Grundlagen der klassischen Physik'' (together with

Hubert Schleichert Hubert Schleichert (July 30, 1935 in Vienna �September 13, 2020 in Munich was an Austrian emeritus philosopher (from Vienna). His works have emphasized political philosophy, theory of Logical argument, argument and non-European philosophy, espec ...

), Berlin: Duncker & Humblot 1963. * ''Die erkenntnislogischen Grundlagen der modernen Physik'', Berlin: Duncker&Humblot 1967. * ''Wahrscheinlichkeit als Erkenntnisform'' (together with Wolfgang Katzenberger), Berlin: Duncker & Humblot 1970. *"Drei Quellen der Erkenntnis", in: ''Zeitschrift für philosophische Forschung'' 26/3, 1970, 335-347. *"Geometrie und Wahrscheinlichkeit", in: ''Zeitschrift für philosophische Forschung'' 25/4, 1971, 500-510. *"Formen des Positivismus", in: ''Journal for General Philosophy of Science'' 2/1, 1971, 27-62. * ''Selected Papers on Epistemology and Physics'', ed. with an introductory essay by

Gerhard Frey Gerhard Frey (; born 1 June 1944) is a German mathematician, known for his work in number theory. Following an original idea of Hellegouarch, he developed the notion of Frey–Hellegouarch curves, a construction of an elliptic curve from a pur ...

, Dordrecht-Boston: Reidel 1976. (Contains a complete bibliography of Juhos‘ works.)

Bibliography

* Stadler, Friedrich. ''The Vienna Circle. Studies in the Origins, Development, and Influence of Logical Empiricism.'' New York: Springer, 2001. – 2nd Edition: Dordrecht: Springer, 2015. – Biobibliographical presentation of Juhos: 655-660. * Kraft, Victor, "Nachruf auf Béla Juhos", in: ''

Zeitschrift für allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie The Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie is an academic journal publishing contributions from all areas of philosophy of science and about all philosophical topics relevant to the sciences a ...

'' I/2, 1971, 163-173 (including bibliography, 314 bis 316 and 338-339). (German) * Schleichert, Hubert, "Denker ohne Wirkung. Béla Juhos – ein typisches Schicksal", in: ''Conceptus'' 1971, 5-12. (German) * Reiter, Wolfgang, "Wer war Bela Juhos? Eine biographische Annäherung", in: Maté, András; Rédei, Miklós; Stadler, Friedrich (eds.) The Vienna Circle in Hungary, Vienna/Berlin: Springer 2011, 65-98. (German)

Notes

External links

The works of Béla Juhos on PhilPapers

Béla Juhos
in:

Austria-Forum Austria-Forum is a freely accessible online collection of reference works in both German and English about Austria-related topics. Background The predecessor of Austria-Forum, the AEIOU project was launched in 1996 by the Austrian Federal Minist ...

, the Austrian knowledge network. {{DEFAULTSORT:Juhos, Bela Vienna Circle 20th-century Austrian philosophers 1901 births 1971 deaths