Brčko District ( bs, Brčko Distrikt; hr, Brčko Distrikt; sr, Брчко Дистрикт, ), officially the Brčko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( bs, Brčko Distrikt Bosne i Hercegovine; hr, Brčko Distrikt Bosne i Hercegovine; ), is the self-governing administrative unit in north-eastern

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and H ...

. Officially a condominium of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and

Republika Srpska Republika Srpska ( sr-Cyrl, Република Српска, lit=Serb Republic, also known as Republic of Srpska, ) is one of the two entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is locat ...

, it was formed in 1999 to reflect the multi-ethnic nature of Brčko and the surrounding areas and their special status within the newly independent Bosnia. In reality, it functions as a local self-government area, much like the other municipalities in the country. The seat of the district is the city of Brčko.

History

The Brčko District was established after an arbitration process undertaken by the

High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina The High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina, together with the Office of the High Representative (OHR) in Bosnia and Herzegovina, were created in 1995 immediately after the signing of the Dayton Agreement which ended the 1992–1995 Bos ...

. According to the

Dayton Peace Accords The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, also known as the Dayton Agreement or the Dayton Accords ( Croatian: ''Daytonski sporazum'', Serbian and Bosnian: ''Dejtonski mirovni sporazum'' / Дејтонски миро ...

, however, the process could only arbitrate the disputed portion of the

Inter-Entity Boundary Line The Inter-Entity Boundary Line ( sh, Međuentitetska linija), commonly abbreviated IEBL, is the administrative line that subdivides Bosnia and Herzegovina into two entities, ''Republika Srpska'' and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. T ...

(IEBL). The Brčko District was formed of the entire territory of the former Brčko municipality, of which 48% (including Brčko city) was in the newly formed

, while 52% was in the old Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the end of the Bosnian War, the

European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been de ...

(EU) has maintained a diplomatic peace-keeping presence in the area. Brčko was the only element in the Dayton Peace Agreement that was not finalized at the time. The arbitration agreement was later finalized in March 1999, resulting in a "district" that was to be administrated by an American Principal Deputy High Representative, who is also '' ex officio'' the Brčko International Supervisor. In 2006, under the Supervisory Order, all "Entity legislation in Brčko District and the IEBL" was abolished. The ruling made by the Brčko Supervisor Susan Johnson abolished all Entity Laws in the District, as well as the Entity Border Line. The ruling made the Laws of the District and the Laws of the State of Bosnia and Herzegovina (including the laws of the

Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina The Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Socijalistička Republika Bosna i Hercegovina, Социјалистичка Pепублика Босна и Херцеговина), commonly referred to as Socia ...

) paramount within the District. The first Brčko International Supervisor arrived in April 1997. Up to that time, the

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is the world's largest regional security-oriented intergovernmental organization with observer status at the United Nations. Its mandate includes issues such as arms control, pro ...

(OSCE) had a modest office headed by Randolph Hampton. During the interim time before the District of Brčko could be represented post-arbitration agreement, local elections were held, and humanitarian relief was provided with cooperation from the

United States Agency for International Development The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government that is primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid and development assistance. With a budget of over $27 b ...

(USAID) and

ECHO In audio signal processing and acoustics, an echo is a reflection of sound that arrives at the listener with a delay after the direct sound. The delay is directly proportional to the distance of the reflecting surface from the source and the lis ...

. The District became known as a center for different state-building programs run by foreign governments, particularly the United States. Following a Peace Implementation Council (PIC) meeting on 23 May 2012, it was decided to suspend, not terminate, the mandate of the Brčko International Supervisor. The Brčko Arbitral Tribunal, together with the suspended Brčko Supervision, continues to exist.

Settlements

* Bijela * Boće * Boderište * Brčko * Brezik * Brezovo Polje * Brka * Brod * Bukovac * Bukvik Donji * Bukvik Gornji * Buzekara * Cerik * Čađavac * Čande * Čoseta * Donji Rahić * Donji Zovik * Dubrave * Dubravice Donje *

Dubravice Gornje Dubravice Gornje ( sr-cyrl, Дубравице Горње) is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often ...

* Gajevi * Gorice * Gornji Rahić * Gornji Zovik * Grbavica * Gredice * Islamovac * Krbeta * Ivici * Krepšić * Laništa *

Lukavac Lukavac ( sr-cyrl, Лукавац) is a city located in Tuzla Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the 2013 census, the town has a population of 12,061 inhabitants, with 44,520 inha ...

* Maoča * Marković Polje * Ograđenovac * Omerbegovača * Palanka *

Popovo Polje Popovo field ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Popovo polje, Попово поље, , ) is a ''polje'' ( karstic field) in Bosnia and Herzegovina, located in a southernmost region of the country, near the Adriatic coast. Its size is . Popovo polj ...

* Potočari * Rašljani * Ražljevo * Repino Brdo *

Sandići Sandići ( sr, Сандићи) is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina. František Pubička (1779 - 1801), Czech Jesuit, bohemian historian and dean of the Faculty of Philosophy in his extensive work Chronological histo ...

* Skakava Donja * Skakava Gornja * Slijepčevići * Stanovi * Šatorovići * Štrepci * Trnjaci * Ulice * Ulović * Vitanovići Donji * Vitanovići Gornji * Vučilovac * Vujičići * Vukšić Donji * Vukšić Gornji

Demographics

Brčko District comprises 1% of the land area of

, and is home to 2.37% of the country's total population.

Population

Ethnic groups

The ethnic composition of Brčko district: ;1961 census File:Brcko_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1961.gif, Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1961 File:Brcko_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1961_2.png, Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1961 File:Brcko_-_Udeo_Muslimana_po_naseljima_1961.png, Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 1961 File:Brcko_-_Udeo_Hrvata_po_naseljima_1961.png, Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 1961 File:Brcko_-_Udeo_Srba_po_naseljima_1961.png, Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 1961 ;1971 census File:Brcko_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1971.gif, Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1971 File:Brcko_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1971_2.png, Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1971 File:Brcko_-_Udeo_Muslimana_po_naseljima_1971.png, Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 1971 File:Brcko_-_Udeo_Hrvata_po_naseljima_1971.png, Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 1971 File:Brcko_-_Udeo_Srba_po_naseljima_1971.png, Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 1971 ;1981 census File:Brcko_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1981.gif, Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1981 File:Brcko_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1981_2.png, Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1981 File:Brcko_-_Udeo_Muslimana_po_naseljima_1981.png, Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 1981 File:Brcko_-_Udeo_Hrvata_po_naseljima_1981.png, Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 1981 File:Brcko_-_Udeo_Srba_po_naseljima_1981.png, Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 1981 ;1991 census File:Brcko_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1991.gif, Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1991 File:Brcko_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_1991_2.png, Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1991 File:Brcko_-_Udeo_Muslimana_po_naseljima_1991.png, Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 1991 File:Brcko_-_Udeo_Hrvata_po_naseljima_1991.png, Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 1991 File:Brcko_-_Udeo_Srba_po_naseljima_1991.png, Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 1991 ;2013 census Image:Brcko_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_2013_1.gif, Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 2013 Image:Brcko_-_Etnicki_sastav_po_naseljima_2013_2.gif, Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 2013 Image:Brcko_-_Udeo_Bosnjaka_po_naseljima_2013.gif, Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 2013 Image:Brcko_-_Udeo_Hrvata_po_naseljima_2013.gif, Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 2013 Image:Brcko_-_Udeo_Srba_po_naseljima_2013.gif, Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 2013

Government and politics

There are 31 seats in the Assembly of the Brčko District. The seats are divided as follows as of 2020:

Notable people

* Edo Maajka (birth name Edin Osmić) –

rapper Rapping (also rhyming, spitting, emceeing or MCing) is a musical form of vocal delivery that incorporates "rhyme, rhythmic speech, and street vernacular". It is performed or chanted, usually over a backing beat or musical accompaniment. The ...

* Lepa Brena (birth name Fahreta Jahić) – pop-folk singer * Edvin Kanka Ćudić –

Human rights Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of PhilosophyHuman Rights Retrieved 14 August 2014 for certain standards of hu ...

activist * Mladen Petrić – Croatian international football player * Vesna Pisarović – pop singer * Nikola Kovač – '' Counter-Strike: Global Offensive'' player * Esed Kadrić – Mayor of Brčko

Notes

References

External links

*
Government of the Brčko District
{{Authority control Subdivisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnian-speaking countries and territories 1999 establishments in Bosnia and Herzegovina States and territories established in 1999 Condominia (international law)